Repositorio DSpace :: Examinando por Autor "Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente"

Examinando por Autor "Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente"

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Brain-intelligence relationships across childhood and adolescence: A latent-variable approach
(Elsevier, 2018-05) Román,Francisco J.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Estrada, Eduardo; Escorial, Sergio; Karama, Sherif; Colom, Roberto; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
The analysis of the relationships between cortical and intellectual development is a complex matter. Greater brain plasticity in brighter individuals has been suggested, but the associations between developmental cortical changes and variations in the general factor of intelligence (g) across time at the latent level have not been addressed. For filling this gap, here we relate longitudinal changes in g with developmental changes in cortical thickness and cortical surface area. One hundred and thirty-two children and adolescents representative of the population from the Pediatric MRI Data Repository completed the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence in three time points and MRI scans were also obtained (mean inter-registration interval ≈ 2 years, age range = 6.1 to 21.3 years). Longitudinal latent variable analyses revealed an increase in g scores amounting to a full standard deviation on average. Intelligence differences estimated at the latent level were significantly correlated related with cortical changes. Older individuals showed greater decrease in cortical values along with smaller increase in intelligence. Furthermore, thickness preservation in brighter individuals was observed at early adolescence (10–14 years).
Can we reliably measure the general factor of intelligence (g) through commercial video games? Yes, we can!
(Elsevier, 2015-11) Quiroga, M. Ángeles; Escorial, Sergio; Román, Francisco J.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Jarabo, Andrea; Privado, Jesús; Hernández, Miguel; Gallego, Borja; Colom, Roberto; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Here we show, for the very first time, that commercial video games can be used to reliably measure individual differences in general intelligence (g). One hundred and eighty eight university undergraduates took part in the study. They played twelve video games under strict supervision in the laboratory and completed eleven intelligence tests. Several factor models were tested for answering the question of whether or not video games and intelligence tests do measure the same underlying high-order latent factor. The final model revealed a very high relationship between the high-order latent factors representing video game and intelligence performance (r = .93). General performance scores derived from video games and intelligence tests showed a correlation value of .963 (R2adjusted). Therefore, performance on some video games captures a latent factor common to the variance shared by cognitive performance assessed by standard ability tests.
Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: A longitudinal study in the general population
(Cambridge University Press, 2021-06-21) Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Haro, J. M.; Olaya, B.; Lara, Elvira; Miret, M.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Aims To assess whether there is a change in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation after the strict lockdown measures due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain; and to assess which are the factors associated with the incidence of a depressive episode or suicidal ideation during the lockdown. Methods Data from a longitudinal adult population-based cohort from the provinces of Madrid and Barcelona were analysed (n = 1103). Structured face-to-face home-based interviews (pre-pandemic) and telephone interviews were performed. Both depression and suicidal ideation were assessed through an adaptation of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). A variety of validated instruments and sociodemographic variables including age, sex, educational level, occupational status, home quietness, screen time, resilience, loneliness, social support, physical activity, disability, economic situation and COVID-19-related information were also considered. Population prevalence estimates and multivariable logistic regressions were computed. Results Overall, prevalence rates of depression and suicidal ideation did not change significantly from before to after the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the rates of depression among individuals aged 50+ years showed a significant decrease compared to before the pandemic (from 8.48 to 6.41%; p = 0.01). Younger individuals (odds ratio (OR) = 0.97 per year older; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95–0.99) and those feeling loneliness (OR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.42–2.70) during the lockdown were at an increased risk of developing depression during the confinement. Resilience showed a protective effect against the risk of depression (OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.32–0.66) and suicidal ideation (OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.16–0.68), whereas individuals perceiving social support were at a lower risk of developing suicidal thoughts (OR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.18–0.69). Conclusions Continuous reinforcement of mental health preventive and intervening measures during and in the aftermath of the crisis is of global importance, particularly among vulnerable groups who are experiencing the most distress. Future research should strive to evaluate the long-term effects of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health.
Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: A longitudinal study in the general population - RETRACTION
(Cambridge University Press, 2023-03-13) Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Haro, J. M.; Olaya ,B.; Lara, Elvira; Miret, M.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
The authors would like to retract the entire article above based on a genuine error noticed after publication. More precisely, as part of further analysis with the data set, they discovered the depression variables were inadvertently mislabeled (e.g., lifetime depression was labeled as 12-months depression). Consequently, the results and conclusions of the article are significantly affected. On the one hand, the prevalence of depression increased significantly. On the other hand, the analyses that explored the factors associated with the incidence of depression and suicidal ideation have also been affected. In the final regression model for depression, the coefficient for COVID-19 concern was found to be significant, along with the post-measures of loneliness and resilience. In addition, the final regression model for suicidal ideation showed significant associations for the Post-measures variables of social support and disability. The authors apologize for the inconveniences that this incident may have caused to the readers. A new corrected version of the research will be resubmitted and resupplied later.
Changes on depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: A longitudinal study in the general population
(Cambridge University Press, 2023-09-01) Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Haro, J. M.; Olaya, B; Lara, Elvira; Miret, M; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Aims. To assess whether there is a change in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation after the strict lockdown measures due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, and to assess which are the factors associated with the incidence of a depressive episode or suicidal ideation during the lockdown. Methods. Data from a longitudinal adult population-based cohort from Madrid and Barcelona were analysed (n = 1103). Face-to-face home-based (pre-pandemic) and telephone interviews were performed. Depression and suicidal ideation were assessed through an adaptation of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Population prevalence estimates and Multivariable logistic regressions were computed. Results. Prevalence rates of depression changed significantly from before to after the COVID-19 outbreak (from 3.06% to 12.00%; p = 0.01) and per sex and age groups. Individuals reporting COVID-19 concerns (odds ratio [OR] = 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45–6.69) and those feeling loneliness (OR = 1.99; 95% CI = 1.52–2.61) during the lockdown were at increased risk of developing depression during the confinement. Resilience showed a protective effect against the risk of depression (OR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.39–0.83), while individuals perceiving social support during the confinement were at lower risk of developing suicidal thoughts (OR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.09–0.46). Greater disability during the lockdown was also associated with the risk of suicidal ideation (OR = 2.77; 95% CI = 1.53–5.03). Conclusions. Continuous reinforcement of mental health preventive and intervening measures is of global importance, particularly among vulnerable groups who are experiencing the most distress. Future research should strive to evaluate the long-term effects of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health.
Cohort Profile: The Spanish Longitudinal Study on Ageing and Health (Edad Con Salud)
(Oxford University Press, 2022-06-17) Lara, Elvira; Miret, Marta; Olaya, Beatriz; Caballero, Francisco Félix; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Moneta, María Victoria; Haro, Josep Maria; Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Comparing Traditional and IRT Scoring of Forced-Choice Tests
(SAGE Publications, 2015-05-19) Hontangas, Pedro M.; de la Torre, Jimmy; Ponsoda, Vicente; Leenen, Iwin; Abad, Francisco J.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
This article explores how traditional scores obtained from different forced-choice (FC) formats relate to their true scores and item response theory (IRT) estimates. Three FC formats are considered from a block of items, and respondents are asked to (a) pick the item that describes them most (PICK), (b) choose the two items that describe them the most and the least (MOLE), or (c) rank all the items in the order of their descriptiveness of the respondents (RANK). The multi-unidimensional pairwise-preference (MUPP) model, which is extended to more than two items per block and different FC formats, is applied to obtain the responses to each item block. Traditional and IRT (i.e., expected a posteriori) scores are computed from each data set and compared. The aim is to clarify the conditions under which simpler traditional scoring procedures for FC formats may be used in place of the more appropriate IRT estimates for the purpose of inter-individual comparisons. Six independent variables are considered: response format, number of items per block, correlation between the dimensions, item discrimination level, and sign-heterogeneity and variability of item difficulty parameters. Results show that the RANK response format outperforms the other formats for both the IRT estimates and traditional scores, although it is only slightly better than the MOLE format. The highest correlations between true and traditional scores are found when the test has a large number of blocks, dimensions assessed are independent, items have high discrimination and highly dispersed location parameters, and the test contains blocks formed by positive and negative items.
Controlling for response biases in self-report scales: Forced-choice vs. psychometric modeling of Likert items
(Frontiers Media, 2019-10-15) Abad, Francisco J.; Ponsoda, Vicente; Nieto, María Dolores; Schames Kreitchmann, Rodrigo; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
One important problem in the measurement of non-cognitive characteristics such as personality traits and attitudes is that it has traditionally been made through Likert scales, which are susceptible to response biases such as social desirability (SDR) and acquiescent (ACQ) responding. Given the variability of these response styles in the population, ignoring their possible effects on the scores may compromise the fairness and the validity of the assessments. Also, response-style-induced errors of measurement can affect the reliability estimates and overestimate convergent validity by correlating higher with other Likert-scale-based measures. Conversely, it can attenuate the predictive power over non-Likert-based indicators, given that the scores contain more errors. This study compares the validity of the Big Five personality scores obtained: (1) ignoring the SDR and ACQ in graded-scale items (GSQ), (2) accounting for SDR and ACQ with a compensatory IRT model, and (3) using forced-choice blocks with a multi-unidimensional pairwise preference model (MUPP) variant for dominance items. The overall results suggest that ignoring SDR and ACQ offered the worst validity evidence, with a higher correlation between personality and SDR scores. The two remaining strategies have their own advantages and disadvantages. The results from the empirical reliability and the convergent validity analysis indicate that when modeling social desirability with graded-scale items, the SDR factor apparently captures part of the variance of the Agreeableness factor. On the other hand, the correlation between the corrected GSQ-based Openness to Experience scores, and the University Access Examination grades was higher than the one with the uncorrected GSQ-based scores, and considerably higher than that using the estimates from the forced-choice data. Conversely, the criterion-related validity of the Forced Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) scores was similar to the results found in meta-analytic studies, correlating higher with Conscientiousness. Nonetheless, the FCQ-scores had considerably lower reliabilities and would demand administering more blocks. Finally, the results are discussed, and some notes are provided for the treatment of SDR and ACQ in future studies.
Development and validation of the Interpersonal Affect Improvement Strategies Questionnaire
(Hogrefe, 2017-03-10) López Pérez, Belén; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Wilson, Ellie; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
This research outlines the development and validation of a new self-report measure to assess the tendency to use different interpersonal affect improvement strategies within the normal adult population (Interpersonal Affect Improvement Strategies Questionnaire, IAISQ). The scale is based on the interpersonal affect classification (IAC; Niven, Totterdell, & Holman, 2009) and accurately distinguishes between the two primary means suggested in that model: positive engagement and acceptance. Through four studies we tested the factor structure, reliability, content, criterion, and predictive validity of the scale.
Diagnostic accuracy of the Spanish version of the 4AT scale (4AT-ES) for delirium screening in older inpatients
(Elsevier, 2022-07) Delgado Parada, E.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Saiz Ruiz, J; Cebollada Gracia, A.; Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis; Cruz Jentoft, A.J.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Abstract Background and objectives The 4AT scale is a sensitive tool for screening delirium, which can be applied rapidly in clinical settings without any specific training. It has not been translated, adapted, and validated to assess Spanish older adults. The aims of the study are: to translate and adapt to Spanish culture the 4AT scale, to present evidence of the diagnostic accuracy of this version (4AT-ES) when applied in non-specialized hospital wards, and to assess the loss of diagnostic accuracy in presence of risk factors. Methods A prospective sample was independently assessed on the 4AT-ES and the reference standard. One hundred and twenty-one inpatients (70+ years) for whom a psychiatric assessment was requested were included. Out of them, 50 were diagnosed with delirium. Nurses without specific training applied the 4AT-ES, and experienced psychiatrists cast the reference standard diagnosis (DSM-V criteria). Results Patients with delirium were older and had more risk factors (more previous delirium episodes, a higher likelihood of prior dementia/cognitive impairment) than controls. The 4AT-ES had excellent validity, sensitivity (96%) , and specificity (83.1%). The area under the curve was 0.918; in the subsample with any of those risk factors, its value did not decrease. Conclusion The 4AT-ES version of the 4AT scale was developed. When applied by non-specifically trained, nursing staff it showed excellent validity, sensitivity, and specificity, even in a subsample with previous risk factors. All indices were comparable to the original version. We recommend its use for efficient delirium screening in hospitalized older patients with suspected delirium.
A dominance variant under the Multi-Unidimensional Pairwise-Preference framework: Model formulation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation
(Sage, 2016-08-13) Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Leenen, Iwin; Abad, Francisco J.; Hontangas, Pedro; Torre, Jimmy de la; Ponsoda, Vicente
Forced-choice questionnaires have been proposed as a way to control some response biases associated with traditional questionnaire formats (e.g., Likert-type scales). Whereas classical scoring methods have issues of ipsativity, item response theory (IRT) methods have been claimed to accurately account for the latent trait structure of these instruments. In this article, the authors propose the multi-unidimensional pairwise preference two-parameter logistic (MUPP-2PL) model, a variant within Stark, Chernyshenko, and Drasgow’s MUPP framework for items that are assumed to fit a dominance model. They also introduce a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure for estimating the model’s parameters. The authors present the results of a simulation study, which shows appropriate goodness of recovery in all studied conditions. A comparison of the newly proposed model with a Brown and Maydeu’s Thurstonian IRT model led us to the conclusion that both models are theoretically very similar and that the Bayesian estimation procedure of the MUPP-2PL may provide a slightly better recovery of the latent space correlations and a more reliable assessment of the latent trait estimation errors. An application of the model to a real data set shows convergence between the two estimation procedures. However, there is also evidence that the MCMC may be advantageous regarding the item parameters and the latent trait correlations.
Effect of External Irrelevant Distracters on a Visual Search Test in School-Age Children: Computerized Assessment
(Sage Journals, 2021-08-13) Quiroga, M. Ángeles; Santacreu, J.; López-Cavada, C.; Capote, E.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Objective: This study aimed to test the effect of an irrelevant external distracter included in a computer-administered visual search test. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) If the distracter affects performance, attention efficiency will be lowered; (b) if children do not habituate to the distracter, performance will be lower for every item of the test. Method: Distraction was induced changing the screen color unexpectedly several times in each trial—450 children (225 girls and 225 boys) from second to sixth course were tested. This group was compared with a group of 423 children from the same age range who were tested with the same test without distraction. Results: Induced distraction reduced attention efficiency for all ages and for every trial in the treatment group (test with distraction). Speed was lower, but number of errors did not increase. Conclusion: School-age children cope with an irrelevant external distracter by reducing speed, not accuracy.
Hematic Antegrade Repriming Reduces Emboli on Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2023-03) Blanco Morillo, Juan; Salmerón Martínez, Diego; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Arribas Leal, Jose María; Puis, Luc; Verdú Verdú, Alicia; Martínez Molina, Mercedes; Tormos Ruiz, Encarnación; Sornichero Caballero, Angel; Ramírez Romero, Pablo; Farina, Piero; Cánovas López, Sergio; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Particulate and gaseous microemboli (GME) are side effects of cardiac surgery that interfere with postoperative recovery by causing endothelial dysfunction and vascular blockages. GME sources during surgery are multiple, and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is contributory to this embolic load. Hematic antegrade repriming (HAR) is a novel procedure that combines the benefits of repriming techniques with additional measures, by following a standardized procedure to provide a reproducible hemodilution of 300 ml. To clarify the safety of HAR in terms of embolic load delivery, a prospective and controlled study was conducted, by applying Doppler probes to the extracorporeal circuit, to determine the number and volume of GME released during CPB. A sample of 115 patients (n = 115) was considered for assessment. Both groups were managed under strict normothermia, and similar clinical conditions and protocols, receiving the same open and minimized circuit. Significant differences in GME volume delivery (control group [CG] = 0.28 ml vs. HAR = 0.08 ml; p = 0.004) and high embolic volume exposure (>1 ml) were found between the groups (CG = 30.36% vs. HAR = 4.26%; p = 0.001). The application of HAR did not represent an additional embolic risk and provided a four-fold reduction in the embolic volume delivered to the patient (coefficient, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.08–0.72; p = 0.01), which appears to enhance GME clearance of the oxygenator before CPB initiation.
Herramientas para trabajar colaborativamente: El uso de GitHub y R en la creación de variables resultado en el proyecto ‘Edad con Salud’
(2023-10-06) Rodríguez-Prado, Cristina; Francia, Lea; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
The Journey from Likert to Forced-Choice Questionnaires: Evidence of the Invariance of Item Parameters
(Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid, 2019-06-21) Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Abad, Francisco J.; Schames Kreitchmann, Rodrigo; Leenen, Iwin; Hontangas, Pedro; Ponsoda, Vicente
Multidimensional forced-choice questionnaires are widely regarded in the personnel selection literature for their ability to control response biases. Recently developed IRT models usually rely on the assumption that item parameters remain invariant when they are paired in forced-choice blocks, without giving it much consideration. This study aims to test this assumption empirically on the MUPP-2PL model, comparing the parameter estimates of the forced-choice format to their graded-scale equivalent on a Big Five personality instrument. The assumption was found to hold reasonably well, especially for the discrimination parameters. In the cases in which it was violated, we briefly discuss the likely factors that may lead to non-invariance. We conclude discussing the practical implications of the results and providing a few guidelines for the design of forced-choice questionnaires based on the invariance assumption.
The ontogeny of an article: Using GitHub and R to stimulate Open Science
(2023-04-14) Francia, Lea; Rodríguez Prada, C.; Mediavilla Torres, R.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
El papel del project manager en el desarrollo de proyectos universitarios multidisciplinares: Aplicación de Métrica 3 al Proyecto SIVIT
(Asociación Española de Ingeniería de Proyectos (AEIPRO), 2010) Molina Garcia, Agustín; Guadalupe García, Rafael Eugenio; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
The SIVIT project is aimed to develop an information system addressed to guide its users in a territory by means of a virtual reality environment, and constitutes an innovation project with a wide extent within the scope of the ICTs. For its execution, a multidisciplinary team is set in an academic context, made up of research groups belonging to the three Engineering Colleges in the Campus Sur of the UPM, being the job divided up in knowledge areas. Due to the broad range of the project, and the fact of being constituted by several subprojects with specific features each of them, the role of the Project Manager is essential. These also demand the use of a flexible methodology, for its correct application to each of them by means of interdependent programs to be allowed. Therefore, METRICA 3 methodology, developed by the Public Administration Ministry, is adopted. The application of this methodology is complemented by the use of commercial software for information mapping (mind maps) and communication and collaboration (information servers). As well, the application of the Earned Value Method is integrated in the planning, for a higher efficiency in advance of further projects in the present investigation line. Keywords: project manager, earned value method, mind maps, virtual reality.
Relationship between healthy lifestyle behaviours and subjective wellbeing: An european observational study
(Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, 2022-10-19) Mateos Lardiés, Ana María; López García, Pilar; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Olaya, Beatriz; Tobiasz-Adamczyk, Beata; Koskinen, Seppo; Leonardi, Matilde; Haro, Josep Maria; Chatterji, Somnath; Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis; Cabello, María; Miret, Marta; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
FUNDAMENTOS // Un estilo de vida saludable está relacionado con la salud física y mental. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar si diferentes comportamientos de estilo de vida saludable estaban asociados con el bienestar subjetivo. MÉTODOS // Se entrevistó a un total de 10.800 participantes de Finlandia, Polonia y España en 2011-2012. La actividad física, el consumo de frutas y verduras, el tabaco, el alcohol y la calidad del sueño fueron autoinformados. La satisfacción con la vida se midió con la Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale. El afecto positivo y negativo se evaluaron utilizando una versión abreviada del Método de Reconstrucción del Día. Se llevaron a cabo análisis de regresión múltiple. RESULTADOS // Las conductas de estilo de vida saludable (consumo de cinco o más frutas y verduras al día, actividad física moderada o alta, no fumar a diario y tener una buena calidad del sueño) se asociaron positivamente con el bienestar evaluativo (ß=0,23, p<0,001; ß=0,16, p<0,001; ß=0,26, p<0,001; ß=0,23, p<0,001, respectivamente), después de controlar por variables de confusión como la salud y la depresión. La buena calidad del sueño se relacionó con mayor afecto positivo (ß=0,29, p<0,001), menor afecto negativo (ß=-0,15, p<0,001) y mayor satisfacción con la vida (ß=0,23, p<0,001), después de ajustar por dichas variables de confusión. CONCLUSIONES // Un estilo de vida saludable se correlaciona de manera importante con el bienestar, independientemente de sus efectos en la salud. Los estilos de vida saludables podrían ser considerados a la hora de desarrollar estrategias que mejoren no solo la salud física, sino también el bienestar de la población.
Study Protocol on Intentional Distortion in Personality Assessment: Relationship with Test Format, Culture, and Cognitive Ability
(Frontiers Media, 2016-06-28) Van Geert, Eline; Orhon, Altan; Cioca, Iulia Alina; Mamede, Rui; Golušin, Slobodan; Hubená, Barbora; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Self-report personality questionnaires, traditionally offered in a graded-scale format, are widely used in high-stakes contexts such as job selection. However, job applicants may intentionally distort their answers when filling in these questionnaires, undermining the validity of the test results. Forced-choice questionnaires are allegedly more resistant to intentional distortion compared to graded-scale questionnaires, but they generate ipsative data. Ipsativity violates the assumptions of classical test theory, distorting the reliability and construct validity of the scales, and producing interdependencies among the scores. This limitation is overcome in the current study by using the recently developed Thurstonian item response theory model. As online testing in job selection contexts is increasing, the focus will be on the impact of intentional distortion on personality questionnaire data collected online. The present study intends to examine the effect of three different variables on intentional distortion: (a) test format (graded-scale versus forced-choice); (b) culture, as data will be collected in three countries differing in their attitudes toward intentional distortion (the United Kingdom, Serbia, and Turkey); and (c) cognitive ability, as a possible predictor of the ability to choose the more desirable responses. Furthermore, we aim to integrate the findings using a comprehensive model of intentional distortion. In the Anticipated Results section, three main aspects are considered: (a) the limitations of the manipulation, theoretical approach, and analyses employed; (b) practical implications for job selection and for personality assessment in a broader sense; and (c) suggestions for further research.
Traditional scores versus IRT estimates on forced-choice tests based on a dominance model
(Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias, 2016) Hontangas, Pedro M.; Leenen, Iwin; de la Torre, Jimmy; Ponsoda, Vicente; Abad, Francisco J.; Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente
Background: Forced-choice tests (FCTs) were proposed to minimize response biases associated with Likert format items. It remains unclear whether scores based on traditional methods for scoring FCTs are appropriate for between-subjects comparisons. Recently, Hontangas et al. (2015) explored the extent to which traditional scoring of FCTs relates to the true scores and IRT estimates. The authors found certain conditions under which traditional scores (TS) can be used with FCTs when the underlying IRT model was an unfolding model. In this study, we examine to what extent the results are preserved when the underlying process becomes a dominance model. Method: The independent variables analyzed in a simulation study are: forced-choice format, number of blocks, discrimination of items, polarity of items, variability of intra-block difficulty, range of difficulty, and correlation between dimensions. Results: A similar pattern of results was observed for both models; however, correlations between TS and true thetas are higher and the differences between TS and IRT estimates are less discrepant when a dominance model involved. Conclusions: A dominance model produces a linear relationship between TS and true scores, and the subjects with extreme thetas are better measured.

Examinando por Autor "Morillo Cuadrado, Daniel Vicente"

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