Publicación:
Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: A longitudinal study in the general population

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2021-06-21
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Cambridge University Press
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Aims To assess whether there is a change in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation after the strict lockdown measures due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain; and to assess which are the factors associated with the incidence of a depressive episode or suicidal ideation during the lockdown. Methods Data from a longitudinal adult population-based cohort from the provinces of Madrid and Barcelona were analysed (n = 1103). Structured face-to-face home-based interviews (pre-pandemic) and telephone interviews were performed. Both depression and suicidal ideation were assessed through an adaptation of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). A variety of validated instruments and sociodemographic variables including age, sex, educational level, occupational status, home quietness, screen time, resilience, loneliness, social support, physical activity, disability, economic situation and COVID-19-related information were also considered. Population prevalence estimates and multivariable logistic regressions were computed. Results Overall, prevalence rates of depression and suicidal ideation did not change significantly from before to after the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the rates of depression among individuals aged 50+ years showed a significant decrease compared to before the pandemic (from 8.48 to 6.41%; p = 0.01). Younger individuals (odds ratio (OR) = 0.97 per year older; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95–0.99) and those feeling loneliness (OR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.42–2.70) during the lockdown were at an increased risk of developing depression during the confinement. Resilience showed a protective effect against the risk of depression (OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.32–0.66) and suicidal ideation (OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.16–0.68), whereas individuals perceiving social support were at a lower risk of developing suicidal thoughts (OR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.18–0.69). Conclusions Continuous reinforcement of mental health preventive and intervening measures during and in the aftermath of the crisis is of global importance, particularly among vulnerable groups who are experiencing the most distress. Future research should strive to evaluate the long-term effects of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health.
Descripción
La versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 2021;30:e49., está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000408 The recorded version of this article, first published in Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 2021; 30:e49., is available online at the publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796021000408
Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
Depression, population survey, risk factors, suicide
Citación
Ayuso-Mateos JL, Morillo D, Haro JM, Olaya B, Lara E, Miret M (2021). Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study in the general population. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 30, e49, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S2045796021000408
Centro
Facultad de Psicología
Departamento
Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento
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Grupo de innovación
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Cátedra