Persona: López-Rey García-Rojas, África
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López-Rey García-Rojas
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Publicación Electric vehicle charging strategy to support renewable energy sources in Europe 2050 low-carbon scenario(Elsevier, 2019-09-15) Muñoz Gómez, Antonio Miguel; Rosales Asensio, Enrique; Colmenar Santos, Antonio; López-Rey García-Rojas, ÁfricaThe EU has undertaken a thorough reform of its energy model. Current EU 2050 climate commitment sets an 80–95% GHG reduction goal. To reach this goal, the EU must make continued progress towards a low-carbon society. Renewable energy sources and electric vehicle play an important role for a gradual transition. The power grid faces a challenging future due to intermittency and the non-dispatchable nature of wind and solar energy production, but flexibility needs can migrate from generation to load, with the expansion of demand-side resources and storage technologies. A novel grid technique is presented and evaluated in this paper for the optimal integrated operation of renewable resources and electric vehicle to increase penetration of renewable energy. It is proposed a distribute control system to manage a charge and discharge strategy to support mismatching between load and renewable generation thru V2G technology. Demand response, peak saving and ancillary services are introduced to keep a reliable power quality, stable frequency and flatten load profile.Publicación Technical approach for the inclusion of superconducting magnetic energy storage in a smart city(Elsevier, 2018-09-01) Molina Ibáñez, Enrique Luis; Rosales Asensio, Enrique; Colmenar Santos, Antonio; López-Rey García-Rojas, ÁfricaSmart grids are a concept which is evolving quickly with the implementation of renewable energies and concepts such as Distributed Generation (DG) and micro-grids. Energy storage systems play a very important role in smart grids. The characteristics of smart cities enhance the use of high power density storage systems, such as SMES systems. Because of this, we studied the possibility of adapting these systems in this kind of electrical topology by simulating the effects of an energy storage system with high power density (as SMES). An electrical and control adaptation circuit for storing energy was designed. The circuit consisted of three blocks. The first one was a passive filter LCL. The second was a converter system that allows rectifying of the signal when the system runs in charge mode but acts as an inverter when it changes to discharge mode. Finally, there is a chopper that allows the current levels to be modified. Throughout simulations, we have seen the possibility of controlling the energy supply so as the storage. This permits to adapt to different contingencies which may induce the wiring of the charge in the net, as well as different types of charges. Despite the technical contribution of this kind of systems in the Spanish electrical network, there are big obstacles that would prevent its inclusion in the network, such as the high cost of manufacturing and maintenance compared with other cheaper systems such as superconductors or the low energy density, which limits their use.Publicación Gender comparative research on learning strategies applying the cognitive-motor model methodology and VISIR remote lab(Wiley, 2019-06-28) Blázquez Merino, Manuel; Plaza, Pedro; López-Rey García-Rojas, África; Sancristobal, Elio; Albert Gómez, María José; Castro Gil, Manuel AlonsoThe research work hereby presented shows some findings about the different ways used by girls and boys, at secondary school, to assimilate the electricity concepts and electric magnitudes to be able to design and assemble electric circuits. The methodology applied to learning, the cognitive-motor model (CMM), is also presented, and it is based on the mutual interaction of cognitive skills and motor capabilities. Students have followed a specific course designed under CMM specifications. The course contains a combination of theoretical activities and practical tasks by means of which cognitive and motor skills have been measured. To carry out the practical tasks, the Virtual Instrument Systems in a reality remote lab have been used by students as the technical resource. In the study, different learning strategies between male and female students, what affects each gender effectiveness, and learning performance have been found.Publicación Reduction of water and energy consumption in the sanitary ware industry by an absorption machine operated with recovered heat(Elsevier, 2021-01-25) Cuviella-Suárez, C.; Colmenar Santos, Antonio; Borge-Diez, D.; López-Rey García-Rojas, ÁfricaWater scarcity is a real problem that affects directly over one third of the world population, and greenhouse gases only worsen the situation. Due to this, action must be taken against the over exploitation of resources. Water accounting and saving should be mandatory for a proper sustainable industry. In this regard, the sanitary ware industrial sector, as an intensive consumer of water, should make a social commitment to contribute to stopping water overuse. Sanitary ware manufacturing delivers an amount of water equivalent to the half of the total production weight via evaporation. The aim of this research was to find a green process to reuse the evaporated water and thereby reduce the overall water consumption level as well as promote a cleaner technology with low environmental impact. The key point in supporting sustainability restriction is to match water condensation with heat recovery to avoid any energy surplus. The thermal energy recovered from kiln exhaust gets transferred into a cold flow, which condenses the evaporated water by an absorption cycle. Computational modeling was used to thermodynamically analyze and optimize the performance of this novel technology. The proposed model was applied to the most extended technologies to reduce natural gas usage by 25% and total water usage by 16%. Besides, the surplus of condensed water from combustion and from air moisture has been quantified to be added to savings. The present research provides a practical tool for the sector to use in designing more efficient, green manufacturing plants while supporting a more sustainable business model. It demonstrates and quantifies the potential of water saving in the sanitary ware industry, which had never before been tackled.Publicación Pico turbines, the solution to self-supply energy to the water supply network. A case study in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria(Elsevier, 2021-08-15) Borge Diez, David; Godoy Deniz, Juan Manuel; López-Rey García-Rojas, África; Colmenar Santos, AntonioThis paper describes the integration of the pico turbines in the drinking water network of the city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain). World's drinking water supply companies need updates his infrastructure and technology to turn existing networks into smart water networks, to preserve people's health by ensuring the potability of water for human consumption. The essential parameters for water quality (such as chlorine level, pH, turbidity and others) can be easily measured using sensors inserted in the pipes and in the storage and distribution tanks. Access to this information in real time and immediate action is essential to ensure the health of the people who access this vital element. It is therefore essential to increase the number of sensors and the analysis of the data they provide in order to detect anomalies, correct them and anticipate their consequences. Some of the objectives are the correct measurement of meters to detect leaks and anomalous consumption, saving water and energy, avoiding water and air pollution, achieving efficient supply to the consumer and achieving profitable, efficient and environmentally sustainable urban hydraulic systems. All systems require power, the pico turbines inserted in the network can supply power without affecting the normal operation of the network. Pico turbines are highly efficient, low cost and easy to install systems, but they are not widely used. The case exposed in this city could be replicated in many urban systems, it is novel that there is no literature of massive applications, existing a wide capacity of implantation and development of this technology. When it seems that the locations for the installation of hydroelectric plants have been exhausted, it is time to commit to the development of this mature technology on the micro-scale of the infrastructures already created, the novelty is to continue discovering those places where there is untapped energy potential. There is capacity to grow in very small hydroelectric systems with immediate profitability. The researchers in this article describe the first phase of an investigation that has gone hand in hand with its validation and actual exploitation. The aim is for managers not to forget this technology, which has a very wide growth field to satisfy the small demand for distributed energy in water networks of all types. The authors hope that the results of the research carried out will motivate other technicians to apply the energy potential of their water networks for the self-sufficiency of their control, remote control, chemical dosage and water analysis systems. The applications they carry out will be immediately profitable.Publicación New scenarios and trends in non-traditional laboratories from 2000 to 2020(IEEE Xplore, 2024-04-10) Fernandez, Ricardo M.; García Loro, Félix; Alve, Gustavo; López-Rey García-Rojas, África; Meier, Russ; Castro Gil, Manuel AlonsoFor educational institutions in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) areas, the provision of practical learning scenarios is, traditionally, a major concern. In the 21st century, the explosion of information and communication technology (ICTs), as well as the universalization of low-cost hardware, has allowed the proliferation of technical solutions for any field, in the case of experimentation, encouraging the emergence and proliferation of nontraditional experimentation platforms. This movement has resulted in enriched practical environments, with wider adaptability for both students and teachers. In this article, the evolution of scholar production has been analyzed at the global level from 2000 to 2020. Current and emerging experimentation scenarios have been identified, specifying the scope and boundaries between them.Publicación Heat recovery in sanitary-ware industry applied to water and energy saving by multi-effect distillation(Elsevier, 2018-12-28) Cuviella Suárez, Carlos; Colmenar Santos, Antonio; Borge Diez, David; López-Rey García-Rojas, ÁfricaSanitary-ware industry, as a sub-sector in the ceramic industry, is a great consumer of energy and water, although there are some opportunities to reduce the global consumption, especially for factories based on resin molds technology. This research aims to show the way to reduce drastically water consumption by recovering waste heat into a multi-effect distillation system to re-use most of the flushing water. This solution improves both, the environmental and economic performance of this industry. The proposed configuration is a multi-effect distillation (MED) adapted to run with recovered heat from the kiln exhausting. The efficiency of the system is improved by recovering the heat of the gas mixture leaving the first effect in the pre-heater of the feeding water. The research lays on the computerized simulation of the coupled systems run under different parameters. Mathematical and thermodynamic models have been developed to simulate the behavior of the system. The obtained results show the optimal configuration depending on the thermal variables which could achieve up to almost 92% of the needed water against conventional technology. The system can be applicable to new or existing factories based on resin molds technology and this research may contribute to reduce consumption of resources and thus, the environmental impact.Publicación Influence of Technological Resources on the Development of Mathematical Competence in High School(IEEE Xplore, 2021-03-01) Albert Gómez, María José; Blázquez Merino, Manuel; López-Rey García-Rojas, África; Castro Gil, Manuel AlonsoThe use of information and communication technologies in the process of learning through technological resources can be strongly motivating for students. The use of appropriate digital content through simulations and animations can facilitate the understanding of complex content. In this work, the incidence of the use of technological devices by students of the mathematics subject in Secondary Education in Madrid (Spain) is presented. Specifically, in relation to the use of an explanatory video made with the Camtasia application. The sample was of 31 students with a low level of competence in the subject. A quasi-experimental method of pretest/posttest design was used through an experimental group and a control group. Specific materials were designed and produced for this research. All these materials were subjected to expert judgement. The results show that the use of the instructional video was more than positive in the different variables under study.Publicación Evaluation of Supply–Demand Adaptation of Photovoltaic–Wind Hybrid Plants Integrated into an Urban Environment(Wiley, 2019) López-Rey García-Rojas, África; Campinez Romero, Severo; Gil Ortego, Rosario; Colmenar Santos, AntonioA massive integration of renewable energy sources is imperative to comply with the greenhouse emissions reduction targets fixed to achieve the limitation of global warming. Nevertheless, the present integration levels are still far from the targets. The main reason being the technical barriers arising from their non-manageable features. Photovoltaic and wind sources are the widest spread, as their maturity allows generation with a high-efficiency degree. A deep understanding of facilities’ performance and how they can match the energy demand is mandatory to reduce costs and extend the technical limits and facilitate their penetration. In this paper, we present a novel methodology to evaluate how photovoltaic–wind hybrid facilities, placed in an urban environment can give generation patterns which will be able to match the demand profiles better than facilities installed individually. This methodology has been applied to a broad number of locations spread over the whole planet. The results show that with high homogeneity in terms of site weather characteristics, the hybrid facilities improve the matching up to 15% over photovoltaic plants and up to 35% over wind.