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Chironomus riparius molecular response to polystyrene primary microplastics
(ELSEVIER, 0023-04-10) Kalman, Judit; Muñiz González, Ana Belén; García, María Ángeles; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis
Microplastics are emerging as a central concern for the environment. They can be found worldwide, produced for the industry and because of plastic debris degradation. The microplastics are smaller than 5 mm, but they can also range in micro and nanometer scales, present in soil and aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, they can have different chemical compositions, including additives with putative toxicity. Chironomus riparius is a dipteran with aquatic larvae used in toxicology tests. As a benthic organism, it can be exposed to microplastics in the water and the sediments, being able to ingest some of them depending on the size and shape. However, it is still poor knowledge of the effects that microplastics have on invertebrates, especially at the molecular level. We have analyzed the impact that 5–5.9 μm spheres of polystyrene have on the metabolism of C. riparius, studying the transcriptional activity of eighty genes, twenty-eight described here for the first time. The genes covered the endocrine response, the detoxification mechanisms, the stress response, the DNA repairing mechanisms, hypoxia, oxidative stress, apoptosis, immunity, cholesterol metabolism, energy metabolism, the circadian rhythm, signaling, and regulation of piRNAs. The results showed that at 24 h, the stress response was the most affected, while at 48 h, the endocrine response and detoxification were slightly affected. Finally, at 72 h, endocrine response, detoxification mechanisms, and lipid metabolism genes were altered. Overall, the data suggest an acute response involving stress genes downregulation, while the later response seems to move to metabolic alterations, with changes in hormonal regulation and metabolism. It could be because micrometer microplastics are confounded with food, decreasing the availability of resources for larval development. The present work shows a dynamic impact of polystyrene microspheres and provides new putative biomarkers to analyze several mechanisms involved in the cellular and physiological response to toxicants.
Geomorphology, Geoarchaeology, and Geochronology of the Upper Pleistocene Archaeological Site of El Olivo Cave (Llanera, Asturias, Northern Spain)
(MDPI, 0023-10-07) Jordá Pardo, Jesús Francisco; Álvarez Alonso, David; Andrés Herrero, María de; Ballesteros, Daniel; Carral, Pilar; Hevia Carrillo, Aitor; Sanjurjo, Jorge; Giralt, Santiago; Jiménez Sánchez, Montserrat
El Olivo Cave (Pruvia de Arriba, Llanera, Asturias, Spain) is a small karst cave located in the Aboño River basin and formed in the Cretaceous limestone of the Mesozoic cover of the Cantabrian Mountains (north of the Iberian Peninsula). It contains an important upper Pleistocene sedimentary, archaeological, and paleontological record, with abundant technological evidence and faunal remains. The archaeological record shows a first occupation that could correspond to the Middle Paleolithic and a second occupation in the Middle Magdalenian. The stratigraphic sequence inside and outside the cave was studied with geoarchaeological methodology. In this paper, the lithostratigraphic sequence is analyzed, and the data from the granulometric, mineralogical, edaphological, and radiometric analyses are presented. The results of these analyses enable an accurate interpretation of both the lithostratigraphy of the deposit and the processes responsible for its formation and subsequent evolution. The available numerical dates allow us to locate the first sedimentation episode in the cave in OIS 7a, in the Middle Pleistocene, the base of the outer fluvial sedimentation in the cold OIS 3a stage of the Upper Pleistocene and the Magdalenian occupation in the Last Glacial Maximum (OIS 2) at the end of the Late Pleistocene
La desnaturalización de la libertad condicional a la luz de la Ley Orgánica 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, de reforma del Código Penal
(La Ley, 01/07/2015) Fernández Bermejo, Daniel
El presente trabajo trata de abordar el régimen general de la libertad condicional en España, ahondando en su evolución histórica y que llega hasta nuestros días configurándola como la última fase o período del sistema de ejecución de condenas en la normativa penitenciaria. Sin embargo, tras las rígidas reformas punitivas del siglo XXI, se restringe el acceso a esta institución, alterando sucintamente el contenido y exigencias de la misma, desvirtuando su naturaleza jurídica, y confundiendo el espíritu de la libertad condicional con el instrumento de suspensión de condenas, a raíz de la Ley Orgánica 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, de reforma del Código Penal.
Hendrick Goltzius y Bartholomeo Spranger. Interpretaciones y lecturas de un proverbio latino
(CAM, 0140) Díez del Corral Corredoira, Pilar
This article analyses the recurrence of the Latin proverb, “Sine Cerere et Libero, friget Venus”, in Hendrick Goltzius’ works of art. The number of times he depicted this aphorism during his lifetime is striking – at least twelve times documented – and speaks to his own perception as an artist. Traditionally, it was believed that Bartholomeus Spranger was the one who disseminated this topic in Mayor Arts, since he was the courtly painter of Rudolph II and because of his influence over Goltzius. This paper, however, offers an alternative view on the particular relationship between Spranger and Goltzius and how the latter was actually the driving force of this new fashionable topic.
El libro de Caravia
(Oviedo : Imprenta Gutenberg, 1919-01-01) Llano Roza de Ampudia, Aurelio de
Procedencia de la obra: Cortesía de la Universidad de Salamanca (España). Biblioteca General Histórica
El límite Pleistoceno–Holoceno en el yacimiento arqueológico de la Cueva de Nerja (Málaga, España): nuevas aportaciones cronoestratigráficas y paleoclimáticas.
(Sociedad Geológica de España, 1970-01-01) Aura Tortosa, Juan Emilio; Jordá Pardo, Jesús Francisco::virtual::5541::600; Jordá Pardo, Jesús Francisco; Jordá Pardo, Jesús Francisco; Jordá Pardo, Jesús Francisco
During the Late Upper Pleistocene and the Lower and Middle Holocene an important sedimentary record was deposited in the ancien entry of Nerja Cave (Málaga, Spain). The 41 calibrated valid 14C dates obtained from this record show a chronological spread between 30 and 3,6 ky. cal. BP for the archaeological record of Nerja Cave. This large stratigraphic record constitutes one of the most important archaeological. and palaeobiological sequences of the western Mediterranean, which contains remains of the Gravettian, Solutrian, Magdalenian, Epipaleolithic, Neolithic and Cooper Age. In this paper we establish a narrower correlation between the main palaeoclimatological events detected in Alborán Sea and the sedimentary and occupational episodes of the cave.
La arquitectura militar y los ingenieros de la monarquía española : aspectos de una profesión ( 1530 - 1650 )
(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1981-12-01) Cámara Muñoz, Alicia::virtual::4184::600; Cámara Muñoz, Alicia; Cámara Muñoz, Alicia; Cámara Muñoz, Alicia
Retablo de educadores canarios contemporáneosde Viera y Clavijo a Champsaur Sicilia
(Patronato de la Casa de Colón, 1982) Negrín Fajardo, Olegario; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-6850
El jardin madrileño en el siglo XIX. Propuesta y realidad
(Instituto de Estudios Madrileños, 1982-01-01) Soto Caba, María Victoria
Algunas características de la enseñanza secundaria española decimonónica a través de la legislación
(Universidad Salamanca, 1983) Negrín Fajardo, Olegario; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-6850
René Girard: ¿Un Darwin para las ciencias sociales?
(Real Colegio Universitario “María Cristina”, 1984-01-01) Sánchez Meca, Diego
Diseño de un programa PID mediante aproximación a un controlador de respuesta plana
(Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, 1985-01-01) Cruz García, Jesús Manuel de la; Guillén, J. M.; Dormido Canto, Sebastián; Aranda Almansa, Joaquín
Un nuevo método para autosintonia de reguladores PID digitales
(Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, de Madrid. Tomo LXXX, Cuanderno 3º, 1986-01-01) Guillén, J. M.; Dormido Bencomo, Sebastián; Cruz García, Jesús Manuel de la; Morilla García, Fernando; Aranda Almansa, Joaquín
A new method of self-tuning digital PID controllers
(Albertos P. and de la Fuente J. A., 1986-01-01) Dormido Bencomo, Sebastián; Guillén, J. M.; Cruz García, Jesús Manuel de la; Aranda Almansa, Joaquín
Unamuno y La Pluma : ( al hilo de unas cartas a Azaña y Cipriano Arribas Cherif )
(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, 1986-10-09) Romera Castillo, José
Un modelo de evaluación del aprendizaje en la UNED
(1987) García Aretio, Lorenzo
Ejemplares de foca en los niveles epipaleolíticos y neolíticos de la Cueva de Nerja (Málaga).
(AEQUA, 1987) Alcalá Martínez, Luis; Aura Tortosa, Juan Emilio; Morales Romero, Jorge; Jordá Pardo, Jesús Francisco
Alcalá Martínez, L., Aura Tortosa, J.E., Jordá Pardo, J.F. y Morales Romero, J. (1987): Ejemplares de foca en los niveles epipaleolíticos y neolíticos de la Cueva de Nerja (Málaga). Cuaternario y Geomorfología, 1, (1 4), 15 26.
Nuevos retos educativos y educación no presencial
(1987) García Aretio, Lorenzo
Un modelo de acción tutorial presencial
(1987) García Aretio, Lorenzo
Hacia una definición de educación a distancia
(1987) García Aretio, Lorenzo

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