Persona: Paz Regidor, Ana María de
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Paz Regidor
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Publicación Socialization, and its modulation by sex, on the development and recovery of activity-based anorexia in rats(Elsevier, 2023-07-17) Martínez Herrada, Antonio; Paz Regidor, Ana María de; Pellón Suárez de Puga, RicardoThe activity-based anorexia (ABA) animal model has been used in the laboratory to study the role of excessive physical activity in the manifestation of anorexia nervosa (AN) in humans. Factors of social context are crucial in human health and the emergence of many psychological disorders, which have also been observed in studies using different mammal species that, like human beings, set their lives in groups. In the present study, the animals’ social condition was manipulated to observe the effect of socialization in ABA development, and the possible different influence of the variable sex on the phenomenon. Eighty Wistar Han rats were distributed into four male and four female groups with 10 subjects each, manipulating social conditions (group housing or social isolation) and physical activity (access or not to a running wheel). Throughout the procedure, all groups had food restricted to 1 h/day during the light period. Furthermore, ABA experimental groups with access to the running wheel had two periods of access to the wheel of 2 h each, one before and the other after the food period. In this experiment, socialized rats were less vulnerable to weight loss during the procedure, although there were no differences between the ABA groups. Moreover, social enrichment was shown to be an enabling variable of the animals’ recovery after their withdrawal from the procedure, with this effect being more pronounced in females. The results in this study suggest the need to further in the analysis of the role of socialization in the development of ABA.Publicación La anorexia nerviosa vista desde los modelos de conducta animal(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2023-12-14) Paz Regidor, Ana María de; Pellón Suárez de Puga, Ricardo; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoEl modelo de anorexia basada en actividad (ABA) es una herramienta privilegiada investigación de la anorexia nerviosa (AN) con un análogo animal de laboratorio. A raíz del auge de las neurociencias, su utilización como herramienta para tratar de esclarecer los posibles factores desencadenantes y de susceptibilidad del trastorno, se ha extendido profusamente hacia áreas biomédicas, trasladando el nivel de explicación a los mecanismos fisiológicos y neurobiológicos involucrados en el proceso. Sin embargo, esto no se ha traducido en un consenso generalizado sobre las causas de la AN, ni en los enfoques terapéuticos y farmacológicos más efectivos para su tratamiento. Quizás sea prudente ahora dar un paso atrás y reflexionar sobre la propia validez y pertinencia del modelo, preguntándose qué es lo que modeliza. En esta suerte de vuelta a los orígenes, se pone el foco en la manipulación de la entrega de comida, el acceso a la actividad y las condiciones del ambiente externo e interno de los animales. Se revitaliza igualmente el enfoque teórico que destaca la funcionalidad de las conductas observadas en ABA en el marco amplio de las conductas inducidas por la ocurrencia intermitente de eventos reforzantes.Publicación Alteraciones metabólicas en la administración conjunta de alcohol y cocaína en ratas(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Psicología. Departamento de Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento y de la Salud, 2018-07-03) Paz Regidor, Ana María de; Reales Avilés, José Manuel; Marcos Bermejo, Alberto; Ambrosio Flores, EmilioUno de los problemas de salud más graves que enfrentan actualmente los países desarrollados es el elevado consumo de alcohol. Su combinación con la cocaína es un patrón cada vez más extendido, especialmente entre los adolescentes. Cuando el alcohol y la cocaína se consumen juntas se produce el metabolito cocaetileno, cuya toxicidad es superior a la producida por el consumo individual de cada una de estas drogas. Es preciso el desarrollo de nuevos estudios enfocados a descubrir otros posibles metabolitos y/o rutas metabólicas que podrían estar alterados cuando ambas drogas se consumen de forma combinada. Este trabajo se desarrolla en el marco de un proyecto en el que se investigan modelos animales de administración pasiva y autoadministración de alcohol y cocaína. Se han utilizado técnicas de química analítica para detectar metabolitos que pudieran ser relevantes. Los resultados hasta el momento apuntan a la implicación de los aminoácidos. En el presente estudio se utilizaron 90 ratas Wistar de ambos sexos en la etapa de la adolescencia y de adulto joven. Los sujetos se asignaron aleatoriamente a cuatro grupos con administración intravenosa de las drogas: alcohol (2 g/kg-p.v.), cocaína (5 mg/kg-p.v.), alcohol + cocaína (2 g/kg-p.v. + 15 mg/kg-p.v.) y control salino (0,9% p/v de cloruro sódico). Mediante la técnica analítica de electroforesis capilar con fluorescencia inducida por láser (CE-LIF) y una metabolómica dirigida se midieron las concentraciones de 11 aminoácidos en el plasma sanguíneo de las ratas. El objetivo fue buscar una estructura más simple que permitiera explicar la variabilidad de estos aminoácidos en los grupos sometidos a diferentes tratamientos con las drogas. En un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) se extrajeron cuatro factores que explicaban el 62,55% de la varianza debida a los factores comunes entre las variables estudiadas. En sucesivos análisis de varianza factoriales (ANOVAs), con las puntuaciones de las ratas en cada dimensión como variable dependiente, se encontraron diferencias significativas en función del tratamiento recibido.Publicación The effects of combined intravenous cocaine and ethanol self-administration on the behavioral and amino acid profile of young adult rats(PLOS, 2020-03-23) Marcos, Alberto; Moreno, Mario; Orihuel Menéndez, Javier; Ucha Tortuero, Marcos; Paz Regidor, Ana María de; Higuera Matas, Alejandro; Capellán, Roberto; Crego, Antonio L.; Martínez Larrañaga, María Rosa; Ambrosio Flores, Emilio; Anadón, Arturo; PLOS; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7639-6943; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4083-5294Under paradigms of combined intravenous cocaine and ethanol self-administration, the effects on behavior have been poorly explored. Numerous studies have found sex differences in amino acids profile and behavioral responses to each drug, yet few have focused on the interactions between cocaine and ethanol. The main objective of this work was to explore the acquisition and maintenance of intravenous self-administration behavior with a combination of cocaine and ethanol in male and female young adult rats. Likewise, the amino acids profile in blood plasma was quantified 48 hours after the last self-administration session. Male and female 52 days old Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: i) saline control, ii) cocaine (1 mg/kg bodyweight/injection) and iii) cocaine and ethanol (1 mg + 133 mg/kg bodyweight/ injection). After 24 self-administration sessions carried out on a fixed-ratio-1 schedule, with a limit of 15 doses per session, 14 plasma amino acids were quantified by mean Capillary Electrophoresis technique. The curve of cocaine and ethanol combined self-administration was similar to that associated with cocaine administration alone, with females acquiring self-administration criterion before males. The self-administration of cocaine and ethanol altered the plasma concentration and relative ratios of the aminoacid L-Tyrosine. In our intravenous self-administration model, females appeared more vulnerable to acquire abusive consumption of the cocaine and ethanol combination, which altered plasma L-Tyrosine levels.Publicación Involvement of motivation for food and impulsivity in the developement of activity-based anorexia(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Escuela Internacional de Doctorado. Programa de Doctorado en Psicología de la Salud, 2023) Paz Regidor, Ana María de; Pellón Suárez de Puga, Ricardo; Miguéns Vázquez, MiguelPublicación Exercise, diet, and the reinforcing value of food in an animal model of anorexia nervosa(SAGE, 2019) Paz Regidor, Ana María de; Vidal García, Pedro; Pellón Suárez de Puga, Ricardo; SAGEActivity-based anorexia (ABA) develops when laboratory rats are subjected to a single meal per day and have access to an activity wheel for the remaining time. Here, we studied the contribution of exercise and diet to the reinforcing value of food during ABA development. Three groups of eight adult male Wistar rats were used: an ABA group with 21.5 hr (then 22 hr) of wheel access and 1 hr (then 30 min) of food access, a control group with the same time exposure to food but without exercise, and a yoked group to the ABA in terms of weight loss. Rats were daily tested on a progressiveratio schedule to measure their motivation for food. ABA rats gradually reduced their body weight more than the food control group. Animals steadily increased their breaking points in parallel to losses in body weight, but no significant differences were found between groups. Adult rats can develop ABA, but their loss in weight neither resulted in a decrease of food intake nor in the motivation to obtain it.Publicación Activity-Based Anorexia(Springer, 2020) Paz Regidor, Ana María de; Vidal García, Pedro; Pellón Suárez de Puga, Ricardo; SpringerPublicación Activity-based anorexia alters hypothalamic POMC and orexin populations in male rats(Elsevier, 2022-08-11) Pinos, Helena; Sánchez Serrano, Ricardo; Carrillo Urbano, Beatriz; Fernández García, José Manuel; García Úbeda, Rocío; Paz Regidor, Ana María de; López Tolsa Gómez, Gabriela Eugenia; Vidal García, Pedro; Gutiérrez Ferre, Valeria Edith; Pellón Suárez de Puga, Ricardo; Collado Guirao, PalomaThe objective of this study was to investigate the orexin and POMC populations in the hypothalamic nuclei of male Wistar rats after the activity-based anorexia (ABA) procedure. Four groups were established based on food restriction and activity: activity (A), ABA, diet (D) and control (C). The ABA protocol consisted of free access to a running wheel for a period of 22 h and access to food for 1 h. When the animals in the ABA group reached the ABA criterion, were sacrificed, and their brains were collected and serially sectioned. The free-floating sections were processed for orexin and POMC immunostaining. The number of orexin A-ir cells in the perifornical-dorsomedial-hypothalamus continuum (PFD) and lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the number of POMC-ir cells in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) were estimated. Data on food intake, body weight and wheel turns were also analyzed. The ABA procedure caused a significant decrease in body weight along with a significant increase in activity. Moreover, at the end of the ABA procedure, the number of POMC-ir cells decreased in the Arc in the A group, and significantly more in the ABA group, and the number of orexin A-ir positive cells decreased in the LH in D and ABA groups. The differential decrease in POMC in the ABA group emphasizes the importance of the melanocortin system in the maintenance of ABA, but more research is needed to elucidate the involvement of this peptide in the mechanism that promotes and maintains anorexia nervosa and how increased activity may interact with all these processes.