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García Ael, Mª Cristina

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0000-0002-9460-9268
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García Ael
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Mª Cristina
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2013 - 201952020 - 20243
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Mostrando 1 - 8 de 8
  • No hay miniatura disponible
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    Acculturation process in Romanian immigrants in Spain: The role of social support and perceived discrimination
    (Springer Nature, 2018-11-28) Cuadrado, Isabel; García Ael, Mª Cristina::virtual::4409::600; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge::virtual::4410::600; Recio Saboya, Patricia::virtual::4411::600; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio::virtual::4412::600; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio
    This work focuses on the study of the psychological acculturation process of the largest immigrant group in Spain: Romanian immigrants. It is known that both social support and perceived discrimination affect the acculturation process of immigrant people, but not how those three variables act together. This study aims to analyse the mechanism by which social support affects the acculturation of immigrant people –both maintenance and adoption dimensions in public and private acculturation domains– and the role played by perceived discrimination –both group and individual– in that relationship. In order to fulfil this goal, 150 immigrant people of Romanian origin (49.3% male) with a mean age of 35.33 years (SD = 11.84) answered a questionnaire, which included the aforementioned variables. Results show that social support has a positive indirect effect on the degree of adoption of Spanish customs (both in public and private domains) by Romanian immigrants through a reduction of their perceived discrimination. Besides, social support has no effect on Romanian immigrants’ maintenance of home society customs. This research contributes to knowledge on how immigrants’ perceived social support is related to their adoption of host society’s customs, highlighting the mediating role of the perceived discrimination in this process.
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    Perceived discrimination and self-esteem among family caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and children with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Spain: The mediational role of affiliate stigma and social support
    (Elsevier, 2020-10) Recio Saboya, Patricia; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio
    Background People with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are stigmatized, and therefore discriminated against worldwide and, on many occasions, this stigma and discrimination are expanded to include their family caregivers. The main objective of this research was to examine the consequences of perceived discrimination on family caregivers of children with ASD and children with ID. Methods The sample consisted of 109 Spanish caregivers of children with ASD and 83 caregivers of children with ID. They completed four questionnaires: Multidimensional Perceived Discrimination Scale, Affiliate Stigma Scale, Social Support Questionnaire and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results Using path analysis, we found support for a model in which personal discrimination perceived by caregivers was positively associated with affiliate stigma, which, in turn, was negatively related to caregivers’ self-esteem. The model also shows the total mediational role of affiliate stigma in the association between perceived discrimination and self-esteem and the partial mediational role that social support plays in the association between perceived discrimination and caregivers’ self-esteem. Conclusions Caregivers’ perceived discrimination negatively influences caregivers’ self-esteem, but this relationship is mediated by both affiliate stigma (totally) and social support (partially). These results have theoretical and practical implications and may contribute to improving the quality of life of parents of children with ASD and ID that in turn would result in an improvement of the quality of life of their children.
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    Discriminación femenina en el ámbito laboral: aspectos descriptivos, prescriptivos y contextuales de los estereotipos de género
    (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Psicología. Departamento de Psicología de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, 2015-12-16) García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Cuadrado Guirado, María Isabel
    La presente tesis tiene dos objetivos generales: a) examinar cómo son percibidos hombres y mujeres que desempeñan roles laborales tradicionales y no tradicionales; y b) analizar hasta qué punto el rendimiento organizacional determina la evaluación de hombres y mujeres líderes. Para cumplir con el primer objetivo, se han llevado a cabo dos estudios con metodología cuantitativa correlacional en los que se examina el estatus ocupacional y el contexto organizacional desde los tres componentes psicológicos del sesgo intergrupal (cognitivo, afectivo y conductual). Nuestra intención es comprobar si la dimensión afectiva, junto con la cognitiva, contribuye a perpetuar la segregación vertical y horizontal del mercado laboral. Con objeto de lograr el segundo objetivo, se han realizado dos estudios cuasi-experimentales. De nuevo, centrándonos en las dimensiones cognitiva, afectiva y conductual, analizamos cómo interactúan el contexto organizacional y el rendimiento organizacional. Nuestro fin es probar si una información precisa y cuantificable sobre el éxito de una mujer líder contribuye a reducir su incongruencia de rol en puestos de poder. En líneas generales, nuestros resultados constatan (estudio 1) una clara hegemonía de los rasgos masculinos (orientación a la tarea) sobre los femeninos (orientación a la relación) en roles de alto y de bajo estatus (p. ej., Sczesny, 2003), sobre todo, en el caso de las evaluadoras mujeres. Asimismo, nuestros datos revelan (estudio 2) que las emociones (admiración y envidia) median la relación entre estereotipos y tendencias conductuales; confirmando, así, que las conductas normativas en roles de alto estatus se asocian con el estereotipo masculino (competencia) y las que se consideran normativas en roles de bajo estatus se vinculan al estereotipo femenino (calidez), (Eagly, 1987). A su vez, la admiración que provoca este tipo de conductas se traslada a diferentes tendencias conductuales (Cuddy et al., 2007) que, según nuestros resultados, favorecen de forma explícita a los hombres. Respecto a nuestro segundo objetivo, nuestros resultados (estudio 3) muestran que una información objetiva sobre el éxito (beneficios) posibilita que una mujer líder reciba evaluaciones tan positivas como el hombre. Por el contrario, a un hombre líder se le penaliza más si fracasa (pérdidas) en el desempeño de su rol que a una mujer (Rudman & Mescher, 2013). Finalmente, las emociones (admiración) (estudio 4) también actúan como mediadoras entre estereotipos y conductas, posibilitando que hombres y mujeres líderes que trabajan en contextos organizacionales incongruentes con su género reciban evaluaciones más positivas que las de sus homólogos respectivos, tanto en éxito como en fracaso. En el primer caso, porque se tiene la expectativa de que van a tener un rendimiento inferior en dichos ámbitos. En el segundo, porque el fracaso parece ser menos contradictorio cuanto más incongruente es el ámbito organizacional. Según esto, es bastante plausible que las mujeres líderes reciba evaluaciones tan positivas como el hombre o que tenga las mismas oportunidades que él de seguir en su puesto de trabajo, competencia como la calidez percibidas de los líderes inciden en sus evaluaciones, pero por diferentes vías. A diferencia del segundo estudio, esta vez, la admiración no actúa como mediador en la relación entre la competencia percibida de los líderes y sus evaluaciones, ni en la situación de éxito ni en la de fracaso. La explicación más plausible quizás sea que, al asociar la competencia a un desempeño tangible y real, se esté pensando en habilidades aprendidas mediante procesos formativos, o adquiridas a través de la experiencia en diferentes puestos directivos; y no en una cualidad excepcional de marcado carácter personal, que, en el rol directivo, se asocia estereotípicamente con los hombres.
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    Consequences of perceived personal and group discrimination against people with physical disabilities
    (American Psychological Association, 2019) Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio; García Ael, Mª Cristina
    Objective: To analyze the consequences for self-esteem of perceived discrimination against people with physical disabilities, as individuals and as a group. Method: A structural model based on the psychosocial literature was tested in a sample of 288 Spanish participants with different degrees of physical disability. This model predicted that personal perceived discrimination would be associated with the internalization of stigma that, in turn, would be negatively associated with the self-esteem of people with physical disabilities. On the other hand, group perceived discrimination, was predicted to enhance group identification and promote intention to contribute to collective action and hence have a beneficial effect on the self-esteem of people with physical disabilities. Results: The model provided a good fit to the data. The relationship between personal discrimination and the self-esteem of people with physical disabilities was completely mediated by internalized stigma. The model also showed that group perceived discrimination had only an indirect effect on self-esteem. Conclusion: This research makes two main contributions. From a theoretical perspective we found that perceived personal and group discrimination influence self-esteem through different paths. From an applied point of view, our results may contribute to the design of interventions to enhance the quality of life of people with physical disabilities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
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    The role of subjective socioeconomic status in predicting academic performance: exploring the mediating influence of sense of belonging among students in a distance learning university
    (Cambridge University Press, 2024-03-07) Vázquez Botana, Alexandra; Alba Langreo, Beatriz; Lois García, David; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Bustillos López, Antonio
    Building upon existing research conducted in face-to-face universities, our research explored whether, in the context of a distance learning institution, the positive association between subjective socioeconomic status and academic performance can be explained by students’ sense of belonging. To that end, we conducted a three-wave correlational study with 2,261 students enrolled in Social Psychology in a distance learning university. At the start of the academic year, we measured participants’subjective socioeconomic status relative to other students alongside their initial expectations in terms of time investment and grades and other relevant covariates. Midway through the course, we assessed their sense of belonging to the university and, at the end, we recorded their grades. Results suggested that sense of belonging potentially serves as a mediating factor in the positive relationship between subjective socioeconomic status and grades even after accounting for variables like initial grade expectations, time commitment, gender, age, and employment situation. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of students’ psychological connection to the university in shaping their academic achievement, even within the expanding landscape of distance education.
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    Perceived Discrimination and Well-Being in Romanian Immigrants: The Role of Social Support
    (Springer, 2014-06-12) Fernández Sedano, Iciar; Silván Ferrero, Mª Del Prado; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Gaviria Stewart, Elena; García Ael, Mª Cristina
    In this study, carried out with Romanian immigrants (N = 202), the aim was to test the extent to which discrimination in the workplace, health and legal contexts is linked to an important aspect of psychological well-being: self-acceptance. The results showed that immigrants had a relatively low level of perceived discrimination and good scores in self-acceptance, except for those who were unemployed. In addition, we examined the role of seeking social support in the relationship between perceived personal discrimination and self-acceptance. The structural equations analysis provided evidence that the postulated models fit the data well. Thus, it was confirmed that the higher the perceived personal discrimination, the lower the self-acceptance. The data also indicated that seeking social support ediates between perceived discrimination and psychological well-being. These findings demonstrate the protective effect of social support for the mental health of immigrants.
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    The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination And Affective Balance On People With Physical Disabilities: The Mediating Role Of Environmental Mastery
    (Universidad Católica de Colombia, 2013) Tecglen García, Claudia; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Silván Ferrero, Mª Del Prado; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; García Ael, Mª Cristina
    Numerosas investigaciones ponen de manifiesto que la discriminación percibida tiene un efecto negativo importante en la salud física y mental de las personas pertenecientes a diversos grupos estigmatizados. El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar la relación entre la discriminación percibida y el balance entre emociones positivas y negativas en personas con discapacidad física. Asimismo, se analiza el papel mediador de una variable especialmente relevante en relación con las personas con discapacidad física, el dominio del entorno (Ryff, 1989a), como factor protector de la influencia negativa de la discriminación. En el estudio participaron 52 personas con discapacidad física. Los resultados mostraron que la relación negativa entre la discriminación percibida y el balance afectivo se reduce significativamente al introducir el dominio del entorno en la ecuación. Asimismo, se encontró que la edad de los participantes está positivamente relacionada, tanto con el balance afectivo, como con el dominio del entorno. Esta investigación demuestra que en la medida en que las personas con discapacidad física se sienten con la habilidad personal de elegir o crear entornos favorables, los efectos negativos del estigma disminuyen.
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    Identity Leadership and Work Engagement in Spain: A Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Identity Leadership Inventory
    (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, 2020) Laguía González, Ana; Moriano León, Juan Antonio; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Dick, Rolf van; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-9466
    This paper reports the adaptation and validation of the Identity Leadership Inventory (ILI) in a Spanish organizational context. In addition, this study empirically explores the positive relationship between identity leadership and followers’ work engagement as mediated by positive and negative job-related affect. A total of 854 employees from different organizations (53.6% female, 46.4% male; M = 40.7 years, SD = 11.5, 19-74) completed an online questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, as well as confirmatory factor analyses, were conducted. According to our results, the Spanish version of the ILI had adequate psychometric properties. The four dimensions obtained in other countries (i.e., identity prototypicality, identity advancement, identity entrepreneurship, and identity impresarioship) were replicated in our sample. Moreover, we found that only identity entrepreneurship significantly related to followers’ positive and negative affect at work, which in turn, related to reported work engagement. We conclude that the Spanish version of the ILI adequately measures identity leadership in organizations. Future studies can build on this instrument to assess and foster identity leadership among supervisors.