Persona: Brescó de Luna, Ignacio
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0000-0001-8044-7643
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Brescó de Luna
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Ignacio
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Publicación The end into the beginning: Prolepsis and the reconstruction of the collective past(Sage Journals, 2017-05-18) Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7643Prolepsis – or the narrative manoeuver consisting of narrating or evoking a future event in advance – is a concept borrowed from literary theory that has been used in Psychology for studying the contribution of culture and meaning to development. Cole applies the notion of prolepsis to upbringing insofar as parents’ imagined goals vis-à-vis their offspring guide their educational childrearing, thus channelling the child’s present towards the parents’ imagined future. This view coincides with cultural psychology in that humans are considered as future-oriented beings, constructing cultural tools that mediate the way we interpret the world and act within it. Drawing from this theoretical framework, this paper applies the notion of prolepsis to collective memory in order to examine how imagined futures are brought into the present by means of particular ways of reconstructing the past, thus mobilizing collectives towards certain political goals. Along these lines, the narrative, pragmatic and normative dimensions of collective memory are discussed. The paper concludes with some reflections on the role of politics of imagination in promoting different ways of relating past, present and future.Publicación The psychology of modern memorials: the affective intertwining of personal and collective memories(Sage Journals, 2019-03-01) Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Wagoner, Brady; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7643; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-4048This paper explores collective memory and grief as they are experienced and expressed at modern memorial sites. What makes them collective is the way they are interpreted and felt as a ‘we’, in first-person plural. From a cultural psychological perspective, we conceptualize memorials as cultural and historical artefacts that mediate these processes and in so doing give meaning to the past based on present and future challenges. Along these lines, we analyse visitors’ situated and evolving experiences of two memorial sites: Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin and the Ground Zero National September 11 Memorial in New York. Results focus on individuals’ particular modes of experiencing and appropriating modern memorial sites, which in contrast to classic ones are purposely built to generate a wide range of different meaning-making processes and ways of interacting with them.Publicación Instagram and end of life. Exploring the mediational role of social networks in young cancer patients through a case study(Sage Journals, 2024-01-19) Seró Torroja, Ignasi; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Jiménez Alonso, Belén; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7643The growing prominence of social networks has changed the field of death by allowing people to share their personal experience of dying or surviving the death of loved ones. This paper features a case study through which we examine the mediational role of new technologies in end-of-life experiences in young cancer patients. The case study revolves around an Instagram account created by a young Spanish woman after being diagnosed with a cancer that would ultimately end her life. The thematic analysis carried out on the 196 posts focuses on three of the main topics addressed in the account: (1) the visi-bilisation of cancer and its impact on the daily lives of young patients; (2) the life lessons learnt from the experience of cancer; (3) a critique of the traditional imaginary of cancer, understood in terms of an individual struggle, together with the denunciation of the lack of social protection for young cancer patients. Ultimately, the analysis shows how Instagram acts in this case as a mediational tool through which the account’s creator not only relates to her community of followers, but also to herself and to her own illness, giving rise to different meaning-making and self-regulating functions.Publicación Memorials from the perspective of experience: A comparison of Spain’s Valley of the Fallen to contemporary counter-memorials.(SAGE Publications, 2022-09-29) Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Wagoner, Brady; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7643; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-4048Memorials are cultural artifacts constructed to mediate memory for a shared past. But as such, they require people’s active engagement with them, which can generate divergent experiences and interpretations. The present study compares how different memorial forms both enable and constrain people’s relating to the sites and what they are meant to represent. The comparison hinges on the difference between traditional memorials (imposing, vertical, and focused on heroes) and counter-memorials (engaging, horizontal, and focused on victims). The Valley of the Fallen is in central focus as a prime example of a traditional memory, which is currently in the process of being re-signified. Our study compares participants’ experience of this site with the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe and the National 9/11 Memorial (both celebrated counter-memorials), using an innovative method combining interviews and a subjective camera that captures participants’ ongoing experience from the first-person perspective. Results show a manifold of ways in which people appropriate and make sense of memorials through different associations and personal memories while moving through them.Publicación The Self in Movement: Being Identified and Identifying Oneself in the Process of Migration and Asylum Seeking(Springer, 2017-03-15) Watzlawik, Meike; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6362-1961; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7643How migration influences the processes of identity development has been under longstanding scrutiny in the social sciences. Usually, stage models have been suggested, and different strategies for acculturation (e.g., integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization) have been considered as ways to make sense of the psychological transformations of migrants as a group. On an individual level, however, identity development is a more complex endeavor: Identity does not just develop by itself, but is constructed as an ongoing process. To capture these processes, we will look at different aspects of migration and asylum seeking; for example, the cultural-specific values and expectations of the hosting (European) countries (e.g., as identifier), but also of the arriving individuals/groups (e.g., identified as refugees). Since the two may contradict each other, negotiations between identities claims and identity assignments become necessary. Ways to solve these contradictions are discussed, with a special focus on the experienced (and often missing) agency in different settings upon arrival in a new country. In addition, it will be shown how sudden events (e.g., 9/11, the Charlie Hebdo attack) may challenge identity processes in different ways.Publicación From Mind to Context, from Accuracy to Meaning. Exploring the Grammar of Remembering as a Socially Situated Act(Springer, 2016-03-10) Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Brescó de Luna, IgnacioThis paper begins by addressing the so-called memory crisis, a crisis which, since the 90s, has problematized the traditional manner in which memory is studied and understood. Special attention is paid to the changing role attributed to accuracy and meaning when remembering the past. In light of this crisis, I comment on Smorti and Fioretti’s paper (2015), focusing on the point that they make regarding how autobiographical narratives affect and change autobiographical memories. Complementing that view, according to which memories are transformed when they are externalized through a communicative act by means of narratives, this paper focuses on a more narrative and situated approach to memory, shifting from mind to social settings, from accuracy to meaning. Building on that approach, I briefly discuss the notion of event as a narrative construction. Finally, drawing on Burke’s pentad model (1969), I put forward a framework for studying remembering as a situated activity. The pentad of elements is addressed as follows: 1) Agency, or the mediational means for the construction of past events; 2) Act, or remembering as a reconstructive activity; 3) Scene, or the social dynamics of remembering; 4) Agent, or subjective positionings when reconstructing the past; and 5) Purpose, or uses of the past in relation to the future.Publicación Conflict, memory, and positioning: Studying the dialogical and multivoiced dimension of the Basque conflict(American Psychological Association, 2016-02-01) Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7643This paper aims to bring the dialogical and multivoiced dimension of conflicts to the fore when studying how people remember a particular event in the past. Drawing from different case studies, it analyses how subjects, identified with different political actors in the Basque conflict, adopt their respective positioning and interpretation of the conflict, and how, in light of same, they reconstruct the failed peace process that took place in 2006 between the terrorist group ETA and the Spanish Government. Results show that the positioning adopted by participants gives rise to a certain form of interpreting the conflict which, in turn, affects how the peace process is remembered. This occurs within a particular argumentative context in which each version constitutes an implicit response to a competing interpretation of the peacemaking process. However, apart from this dialogical relationship between versions, we can also find an internal dialogicality within certain accounts of the peace process, whereby a dialogue between voices linked to different positions is established. The paper concludes with a discussion on the role of history teaching in promoting a more critical, reflexive and pluralistic way of dealing with memory, and hence with conflicts.Publicación Deathbots. Debatiendo el Uso de la Inteligencia Artificial en el Duelo(SAGE Publications, 2024-06-01) Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Jiménez Alonso, Belén; Brescó de Luna, IgnacioDeathbots, griefbots or thanabots are chatbots based on the digital footprint of the deceased that offer mourners the possibility to ‘talk’ to their loved ones after their death. This Artificial Intelligence–based thanatechnology raises a number of ethical and psychological questions. Drawing on the concept of mediation from cultural psychology and the notion of continuing bonds in bereavement, the article discusses some controversial questions about deathbots, such as the illusion of reality that this technology may generate, its impact on the autonomy of the bereaved, the possible individualization of bereavement, the ethical implications in relation to the deceased and the potential therapeutic uses of this digital tool. We conclude by stressing the need for a non-essentialist perspective when studying the relationship between AI and grief, addressing the mediational role of deathbots not for what they supposedly are but for what they allow us to do.Publicación Memorials as Healing Places: A Matrix for Bridging Material Design and Visitor Experience(1660-4601, 2022-05-31) Wagoner, Brady; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-4048; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-7643Memorials are increasingly used to encourage people to reflect on the past and work through both individual and collective wounds. While much has been written on the history, architectural forms and controversies surrounding memorials, surprisingly little has been done to explore how visitors experience and appropriate them. This paper aims to analyze how different material aspects of memorial design help to create engaging experiences for visitors. It outlines a matrix of ten interconnected dimensions for comparison: (1) use of the vertical and horizontal axis, (2) figurative and abstract representation, (3) spatial immersion and separation, (4) mobility, (5) multisensory qualities, (6) reflective surfaces, (7) names, (8) place of burial, (9) accommodating ritual, and (10) location and surroundings. With this outline, the paper hopes to provide social scientists and practitioners (e.g., architects, planners, curators, facilitators, guides) with a set of key points for reflection on existing and future memorials and possibilities for enhancing visitor engagement with them.Publicación Griefbots. A New Way of Communicating With The Dead?(Springer, 2022-03-16) Brescó de Luna, Ignacio; Brescó de Luna, IgnacioThere is a growing number of new digital technologies mediating the experiences of grief and the continuing bonds between the bereaved and their loved ones following death. One of the most recent technological developments is the “griefbot”. Based on the digital footprint of the deceased, griefbots allow two-way communication between mourners and the digital version of the dead through a conversational interface or chat. This paper explores the mediational role that griefbots might have in the grieving process vis-à-vis that of other digital technologies, such as social media services or digital memorials on the Internet. After briefly reviewing the new possibilities offered by the Internet in the way people relate with the dead, we delve into the particularities of griefbots, focusing on the two-way communication afforded by this technology and the sense of simulation derived from the virtual interaction between the living and the dead. Discussion leads us to emphasize that, while both the Internet and griefbots bring about a significant spatial and temporal expansion to the grief experience –affording a more direct way to communicate with the dead anywhere and at any time– they differ in that, unlike the socially shared virtual space between mourners and loved ones in most digital memorials, griefbots imply a private conversational space between the mourner and the deceased person. The paper concludes by pointing to some ethical issues that griefbots, as a profit-oriented afterlife industry, might raise for both mourners and the dead in our increasingly digital societies.