Persona: Molina Martínez, Mª Ángeles
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Molina Martínez
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Mª Ángeles
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Publicación Psychometric properties of the PERMA-Profiler for measuring well-being in Spanish older adults(Springer, 2023) Paniagua Granados, Teresa; Luque Reca, Octavio; Fernández Fernández, Virginia; Molina Martínez, Mª ÁngelesObjectives: PERMA model of well-being proposed by Seligman (2011) includes hedonic and eudaimonic components to assess well-being: Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning and Accomplishment. Butler and Kern (2016) have proposed a measuring instrument based on this model which has not yet been validated in the Spanish older adult population. The aim of this study is to explore the psychometric properties of the PERMA-Profiler in a sample of Spanish older adults. Method: 330 elderly people (Mage=70.21; SDage=4.75; 61.5% men) participated at baseline, of whom, 142 were measured at the second wave after 6 months. Results: The five factor structure obtained in the original scale and in other validation studies was replicated. The instrument offered good rates of internal consistency and test- retest reliability as well as good concurrent, predictive and criterion validity. Conclusions: PERMA-Profiler instrument has good psychometric properties to evaluate well-being Spanish older adults. The main limitations of the study are the use of self- reports, the absence of institutionalized participants, the relatively modest sample size or not including a measure of hedonic well-being to explore the scale concurrent validity.Publicación Impacto psicológico del confinamiento en una muestra de personas mayores: estudio longitudinal antes y durante el COVID-19(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 2021) Paniagua Granados, Teresa; Molina Martínez, Mª Ángeles; Fernández Fernández, VirginiaEl confinamiento domiciliario ha sido una de las medidas tomadas en relación con el COVID-19. Conocer qué consecuencias psicológicas conlleva es de interés y en particular en la población mayor. Se analiza el impacto del confinamiento de una muestra de personas mayores de 65 años evaluada antes de la pandemia (OLA 1) y que fue, posteriormente, evaluada durante el confinamiento domiciliario (OLA 2). Se administró un cuestionario digital distribuido de forma online (C.A.W.I -computer assisted web interviewing-) a una muestra de 141 personas mayores de 64 años de Madrid. Se indagan, por un lado, datos sociodemográficos, de vivienda y servicios, situación sanitaria, salud, función física, ejercicio físico, sintomatología depresiva, actividades de ocio y tiempo libre, apoyo social, resiliencia, soledad y bienestar en la situación de confinamiento de la muestra (OLA 2) mediante análisis descriptivos. Además, se realizan análisis de comparación en algunas variables de la muestra antes de la pandemia (OLA 1) y durante el confinamiento (OLA 2). Los resultados muestran que se preservan los niveles de bienestar en la muestra de este estudio.Publicación Residential Environment Assessment by Older Adults in Nursing Homes during COVID-19 outbreak(MDPI, 2022) Rojo Pérez, Fermina; Rodríguez Rodríguez, Vicente; Fernández Mayoralas Fernández, Gloria; Pérez de Arenaza Escribano, Carmen; Rojo Abuin, José Manuel; Forjaz, Maria João; Rodríguez Blázquez, Carmen; Sánchez González, Diego; Molina Martínez, Mª ÁngelesThe most vulnerable residential settings during the COVID-19 pandemic were older adult's nursing homes, which experienced high rates of incidence and death from this cause. This paper aims to ascertain how institutionalized older people assessed their residential environment during the pandemic and to examine the differences according to personal and contextual characteristics. The COVID-19 Nursing Homes Survey (Madrid region, Spain) was used. The residential environment assessment scale (EVAER) and personal and contextual characteristics were selected. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis were applied. The sample consisted of 447 people (mean age = 83.8, 63.1% = women, 50.8% = widowed, 40% = less than primary studies). Four residential assessment subscales (relationships, mobility, residential aspects, privacy space) and three clusters according to residential rating (medium-high with everything = 71.5% of cases, low with mobility = 15.4%, low with everything = 13.1%) were obtained. The logistic regression models for each cluster category showed to be statistically significant. Showing a positive affect (OR = 1.08), fear of COVID-19 (OR = 1.06), high quality of life (OR = 1.05), not having suspicion of depression (OR = 0.75) and performing volunteer activities (OR = 3.67) were associated with the largest cluster. It is concluded that a better residential evaluation was related to more favourable personal and contextual conditions. These results can help in the design of nursing homes for older adults in need of accommodation and care to facilitate an age-friendly environment.Publicación Active Ageing Profiles among Older Adults in Spain: A Multivariate Analysis Based on SHARE study(PLOS, 2022) Rojo Pérez, Fermina; Rodríguez Rodríguez, Vicente; Fernández Mayoralas Fernández, Gloria; Rojo Abuin, José Manuel; Ayala, Alba; Rodríguez Blázquez, Carmen; Calderón Larrañaga, Amaia; Ribeiro, Oscar Manuel Soares; Forjaz, María João; Sánchez González, Diego; Molina Martínez, Mª ÁngelesBackground: Following the active ageing model based on the Health, Lifelong Learning, Participation and Security pillars, this research has a twofold objective: i) to classify older adults according to active ageing profiles, taking into account the four pillars, and ii) to ascertain the relationship between the profiles and personal and contextual factors, as well as well-being and quality of life in old age. Methods: A study sample of 5,566 Spanish older adults who participated in wave 6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) was included. Data were analysed in different steps applying several statistical analyses (Principal Component, Cluster, Discriminant, Multiple Correspondence and bivariate analysis with Pearson chi-square and ANOVA). Results: Five older adult profiles were obtained (I: with moderate activity; II: quasi-dependents; III: with active ageing-limiting conditions; IV: with diverse and balanced activity; V: with excellent active ageing conditions). The first three profiles were characterised by subjects with a high average age, low educational level, who were retired or housewives, and who perceived a moderate level of loneliness, satisfaction with the social network and quality of life, as well as having a larger family network, but living in small households or alone. In contrast, the latter two profiles showed better personal and contextual conditions, well-being and quality of life. Discussion and conclusions: The multidimensional approach to active ageing followed in this article has revealed the presence of several older adult profiles, which are confined to groups with better or worse active ageing conditions. In this context, if ageing is a process that reflects the previous way of life, intervention priorities will have to consider actions that promote better conditions during the life cyclePublicación Relevancia de los factores psicológicos en los modelos de envejecimiento: una revisión sistemática(Tirant lo Blanch, 2021-03-03) Nieto Nieves, Ana Elsa; Fernández Fernández, Virginia; Molina Martínez, Mª ÁngelesEn este capítulo se plantea una revisión sobre el estado de la cuestión de los modelos de envejecimiento activo (EA) definidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). El estudio planteado pretende cuestionar cómo, a pesar de los numerosos trabajos cuyo objetivo es indagar en el concepto de envejecimiento activo, son escasos los que han llevado a cabo modelos empíricos que los contrasten. Se pretende, además, analizar en qué medida las variables psicológicas están presentes en tales modelos y de ellas, examinar el tipo de variables analizadas, en función de las propuestas por Faber (ILC-BR 2015) y por la reformulación de la OMS (WHO 2015) de envejecimiento saludable. Se ha realizado una búsqueda sistematizada de referencias bibliográ!cas entre los años 1995 y 2015 tanto en inglés como en español, con términos de búsqueda en las distintas de!niciones de envejecimiento (envejecimiento/vejez activo/a, envejecimiento/ vejez saludable, envejecimiento/vejez productivo/a, envejecimiento/vejez con éxito, active ag(e)ing, healthy ag(e)ing, productive ag(e)ing, successful ag(e)ing. Entre los resultados obtenidos cabe destacar que solo trece registros contrastan un modelo empírico de envejecimiento activo. La mayor parte de las variables psicológicas analizadas en tales modelos procede de un marco teórico del estudio del bienestar hedónico, dejando fuera, en mayor medida, variables psicológicas eudaimónicas. De los resultados obtenidos, se plantea la necesidad de realizar mayor número de estudios que contrasten de forma empírica modelos de envejecimiento activo, y que, en su definición, incorporen un mayor número de factores psicológicos, tales como el funcionamiento emocional o aspectos relacionados con el bienestar eudaimónico.