Persona: Martínez Guitarte, José Luis
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Martínez Guitarte
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José Luis
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Publicación Tesis doctorales: Nuevos doctores de la Facultad de Ciencias(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Ciencias, 2017-01-01) González García, Asunción; Martínez Guitarte, José LuisPublicación Tesis Doctorales: Nuevos Doctores de la Facultad de Ciencias(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Ciencias, 2018-01-01) Martínez Guitarte, José LuisPublicación Effects at molecular level of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in Chironomus riparius (DIPTERA) aquatic larvae(Elsevier, 2019-04) Martínez Paz, Pedro; Negri, Viviana; Esteban Arranz, Adrián; Ballesteros García, Paloma; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Morales Camarzana, Consolación MónicaNowadays, due to the physical, chemical, electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNT), its have been currently incorporated into biomedical products and they are employed in drug delivery drug administration, biosensor design, microbial treatments, consumer products, and new products containing CNT are expected in the future. CNT are hydrophobic and have a tendency to accumulate in sediments if they are released into aquatic ecosystems. Vertebrate studies have revealed concerns about the toxicity of carbon nanotubes, but there is very limited data on the toxic effects in aquatic invertebrate species. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of MWCNT in Chironomus riparius at the molecular level, understanding its mode of action and analyzing the suitability of this species to monitor and assess risk of nanomaterials in aquatic ecosystems. To evaluate possible toxic effects caused by carbon nanotube environmental dispersion with regard to aquatic compartment, we study the mRNA levels of several related genes with DNA repairing mechanisms, cell stress response, cell apoptosis and cytoskeleton by Real-Time PCR and proposed a freshwater invertebrate C. riparius, which is a reference organism in aquatic toxicology. The obtained results show a transcriptional alteration of some genes included in this study, indicating that different cell processes are affected and providing one the first evidences in the mechanisms of action of MWCNT in invertebrates. Moreover, this data reinforces the need for further studies to assess the environmental risk of nanomaterial to prevent future damage to aquatic ecosystems.Publicación Colaboraciones en Biología : el láser en Biología, un brillante presente(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Ciencias, 2010-01-01) Planello Carro, María del Rosario; Martínez Guitarte, José LuisPublicación Colaboraciones: Las proteínas de estrés. La respuesta de las células a los cambios ambientales(Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Ciencias, 2004-01-01) Morcillo Ortega, Gloria; Martínez Guitarte, José LuisPublicación Endosulfan exposure alters transcription of genes involved in the detoxification and stress responses in Physella acuta(Springer Nature, 2020) Alonso Trujillo, María; Muñiz González, Ana Belén; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Springer NatureEndosulfan is a persistent pesticide that has been in use for more than five decades. During this time, it has contaminated soil, air, and water reservoirs worldwide. It is extremely toxic and harmful to beneficial non-target invertebrates, aquatic life, and even humans upon consumption, which is one of the many dangers of this pesticide since it biomagnifies in the food chain. The effects of three endosulfan concentrations (1, 10, and 100 μg/L) on the freshwater snail Physella acuta, an invasive cosmopolitan species, were examined over a week-long exposure period. Alterations in the expression of ten genes related to stress and xenobiotic detoxification were measured against the endogenous controls rpL10 and GAPDH by Real-Time polymerase chain reaction. Four genes are described here for the first time in this species, namely Hsp60, Grp78, GSTk1, and GSTm1. The rest of genes were Hsp90, sHsp16.6, cyp2u1, cyp3a7, cyp4f22, and MRP1. cyp2u1, sHsp16.6, and Grp78 expression were all altered by endosulfan. These results suggest a low pesticide concentration activates the acute response in P. acuta by affecting detoxification and stress responses and alter endoplasmic reticulum function and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the newly identified genes extend the number of processes and cellular locations that can be analyzed in this organism.Publicación New insights about the toxicity of 2,4-D: Gene expression analysis reveals modulation on several subcellular responses in Chironomus riparius(Elsevier, 2024-09) da Silva Pinto, Thandy Junio; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Amaral Dias, Mariana; Montagner, Cassiana Carolina; Gaeta Espindola, Evaldo Luiz; Muñiz González, Ana Belén; ElsevierHerbicides are the main class of pesticides applied in crops and are capable of polluting the surrounding freshwater system; thus, understanding their impact on non-target species, whose mechanism of action is not described, helps to elucidate the real risks of these pollutants to the environment. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is frequently detected in water and, due to its persistence, poses a risk to wildlife. In this way, the present work aimed to describe the implication of exposure to concentrations of 2,4-D already reported in aquatic environments in several physiological mechanisms of C. riparius at molecular and biochemical levels. To achieve this, bioassays were conducted with fourth instar larvae exposed to three concentrations of 2,4-D (0.1, 1.0, and 7.5 μg L 1). Larvae were collected after 24 and 96 h of exposure, and the expression of 42 genes, related to six subcellular mechanisms, was assessed by Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR). Besides, the activity of the enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was determined. The main metabolic route altered after exposure to 2,4-D was the endocrine system (mainly related to 20-hydroxyecdysone and juvenile hormone), confirming its endocrine disruptor potential. Four of the eleven stress response genes studied were down-regulated, and later exposure modulated DNA-repair genes suggesting genotoxic capacity. Moreover, only one gene from each detoxification phase was modulated at short exposure to 1.0 μg L 1. The molecular responses were not dose-dependent, and some early responses were not preserved after 96 h, indicating a transient response to the herbicide. Exposure to 2,4-D did not alter the activity of CAT, GST, and AChE enzymes. The responses described in this study reveal new mechanistic pathways of toxicity for 2,4-D in non-target organisms and highlight potential ecological consequences for chironomids in aquatic systems at the edges of agricultural fields.Publicación Impact of Global Warming on Kryal Fauna: Thermal Tolerance Response of Diamesa steinboecki (Goetghebuer, 1933; Chironomidae)(MDPI, 2023-05-26) Muñiz González, Ana Belén; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Lencioni, Valeria; MDPI; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4341-9923The ice fly Diamesa steinboecki Goetghebuer, 1933 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) is exclusive to glacier-fed streams in the East Palaearctic region and is threatened by extinction due to global warming and glacier retreat. To date, no data are available on its thermal tolerance or ability to develop a heat shock response (HSR) or involve other biomarkers when exposed to higherthan-natural temperatures (i.e., >4–6 ◦C). Our study aimed to investigate the warmth resistance of IV-instar larvae of D. steinboecki in terms of (1) ability to survive heat shock and (2) gene expression of four genes known to be involved in the detoxification/stress response (cytochrome p450 (Cyp450), heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), hsp70 with intron and heat shock protein cognate 70 (hsc70)). Larvae were exposed to short-term shocks for 1 h at increasing temperatures (26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, and 40 ◦C) to estimate the lethal temperature, obtaining high values (LT10 = 38.1 ◦C, LT50 = 39.2 ◦C, LT99 = 40.3 ◦C), suggesting a strong heat resistance up to 38 ◦C and a very rapid decline in survival thereafter. Moreover, gene expression analysis by real-time PCR was performed on larvae from the control (at 2 ◦C) and larvae found alive after the previous treatment at 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 ◦C. Modulation of the expression was observed only for hsc70 and hsp70 genes. Specifically, hsc70 resulted in constitutive overexpression, even at 26 ◦C when all larvae were found alive without evidence of suffering. By contrast, hsp70 showed up and downregulation according to the specific temperature, suggesting the activation of an HSR at 28 ◦C, when some larvae were found alive but suffering (almost paralyzed). The results suggest that, based on LTs, D. steinboecki is more thermally tolerant than other Diamesa species (e.g., D. tonsa) from cold freshwaters, but, as in these, hsp70 and hsc70 are involved in surviving short-term heat shock. This makes the ice fly from the Alps different from Belgica antarctica and other cold-adapted organisms living in extremely cold habitats that, constantly exposed to cold, have lost the ability to develop an HSR. Further research is needed to investigate the response to prolonged exposure to temperatures higher that the natural one, giving new insights into the biological response to climate change of alpine species threatened by extinction.Publicación Combined effects of benzophenone-3 and temperature on gene expression and enzymatic activity in the aquatic larvae Chironomus riparius(Elsevier, 2020) Muñiz González, Ana Belén; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Elsevier; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7722-864XClimate change and pollution are two of the main environmental problems living organisms currently face. Temperature canmodify a toxicant's effects and the organism's response to it. Globalwarming is expected to increase the temperature of freshwater ecosystems. In thiswork,we analyzed the effect of a mild temperature increase on the acute response of the aquatic larvae Chironomus riparius to the ultraviolet filter benzophenone-3 (BP3). This substance is commonly used in sunscreens and other commercial products and can reach the environment in different ways.We exposed larvae to BP3 at 18.5 or 23 °C for 8 or 24 h and analyzed the acute response at the molecular level. By quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), we studied altered messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of genes related to the endocrine system (EcR, InR and Met), detoxification mechanisms (Cyp4d2, Cyp6b7, GST d6, GST o1 and MRP-1) and stress response (Hsp22, Hsp27, Hsp70, HYOU and Gp93). Moreover, enzyme activity was evaluated, with a focus on glutathione-S-transferase (GST), phenoloxidase (PO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Results showed that temperature affected the acute response of this organism by modifying the expression of EcR, Cyp6b7, GST d6, GST o1, MRP-1, Hsp22, Hsp27 and Hsp70 genes. These results suggest that even mild temperature change can affect the response of this organism to BP3 influencing short-term progress of the population. Although longer exposures are required to determine the ability of C. riparius to manage the pollutants in this novel environmental conditions, in order to know the possible mechanisms of detoxification or adaptation that may develop. This research represents a first step in the analysis of multi-stressPublicación Effect of environmental stressors on the mRNA expression of ecdysone cascade genes in Chironomus riparius(Springer, 2021-09-13) Fuente Rubio, Mercedes de la; Martín Folgar, Raquel; Martínez Paz, Pedro; Cortés Rubio, María Estrella del Perpetuo; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Morales Camarzana, Consolación Mónica; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5772-8153Chemical compounds produced by humans are continuously reaching the environment. In this work, we characterised the expression patterns of important endocrine-related genes involved in the ecdysone pathway in the fourth larval instar of the model species Chironomus riparius after exposure to three chemicals: ethinyl oestradiol (EE), nonylphenol (NP) and bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO). We used real-time PCR to analyse the gene expression levels of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp), two genes that encode the dimerising partners of the functional ecdysone receptor; the orphan receptor ERR (oestrogen-related receptor), with an unknown function in invertebrates; and E74, an early response gene induced by ecdysteroids. We estimated the bioaccumulation potential, bioavailability and physicochemical properties of these chemicals, together with a number of other exogenous agents known to interfere with the hormonal system. We also provide a review of previous transcriptional studies showing the effect of all these chemicals on ecdysone cascade genes. This analysis provides useful data for future ecotoxicological studies involving invertebrate species.