Examinando por Autor "Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge"

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    Acculturation process in Romanian immigrants in Spain: The role of social support and perceived discrimination
    (Springer Nature, 2018-11-28) Cuadrado, Isabel; García Ael, Mª Cristina::virtual::4409::600; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge::virtual::4410::600; Recio Saboya, Patricia::virtual::4411::600; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio::virtual::4412::600; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio
    This work focuses on the study of the psychological acculturation process of the largest immigrant group in Spain: Romanian immigrants. It is known that both social support and perceived discrimination affect the acculturation process of immigrant people, but not how those three variables act together. This study aims to analyse the mechanism by which social support affects the acculturation of immigrant people –both maintenance and adoption dimensions in public and private acculturation domains– and the role played by perceived discrimination –both group and individual– in that relationship. In order to fulfil this goal, 150 immigrant people of Romanian origin (49.3% male) with a mean age of 35.33 years (SD = 11.84) answered a questionnaire, which included the aforementioned variables. Results show that social support has a positive indirect effect on the degree of adoption of Spanish customs (both in public and private domains) by Romanian immigrants through a reduction of their perceived discrimination. Besides, social support has no effect on Romanian immigrants’ maintenance of home society customs. This research contributes to knowledge on how immigrants’ perceived social support is related to their adoption of host society’s customs, highlighting the mediating role of the perceived discrimination in this process.
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    Attachment insecurities, life satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction from a dyadic perspective: The role of positive and negative affect
    (Wiley, 2017-05-25) Shaver, Phillip R.; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; Recio Saboya, Patricia
    he purpose of this research is to examine the association between attachment insecurities (anxiety and avoidance) and both subjective well-being (positive affect [PA] and negative affect [NA] and life satisfaction) and relationship satisfaction. There were 174 Spanish heterosexual couples with a mean length of relationship of 13.9 years who participated in the study. The hypotheses were tested according to the actor-partner interdependence model. We proposed a model in which PA and NA could mediate the association between attachment insecurities and life and relationship satisfaction. Results show that (1) actor effects are more frequent than partner effects; (2) anxious attachment tends to be related to NA and avoidant attachment to PA; (3) avoidance is more detrimental than anxiety for relationship satisfaction at individual and dyadic levels, and (4) there are some mediational effects of NA and PA in the association between attachment insecurities and life and relationship satisfaction.
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    Consequences of perceived personal and group discrimination against people with physical disabilities
    (American Psychological Association, 2019) Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio; García Ael, Mª Cristina
    Objective: To analyze the consequences for self-esteem of perceived discrimination against people with physical disabilities, as individuals and as a group. Method: A structural model based on the psychosocial literature was tested in a sample of 288 Spanish participants with different degrees of physical disability. This model predicted that personal perceived discrimination would be associated with the internalization of stigma that, in turn, would be negatively associated with the self-esteem of people with physical disabilities. On the other hand, group perceived discrimination, was predicted to enhance group identification and promote intention to contribute to collective action and hence have a beneficial effect on the self-esteem of people with physical disabilities. Results: The model provided a good fit to the data. The relationship between personal discrimination and the self-esteem of people with physical disabilities was completely mediated by internalized stigma. The model also showed that group perceived discrimination had only an indirect effect on self-esteem. Conclusion: This research makes two main contributions. From a theoretical perspective we found that perceived personal and group discrimination influence self-esteem through different paths. From an applied point of view, our results may contribute to the design of interventions to enhance the quality of life of people with physical disabilities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
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    Discriminación femenina en el ámbito laboral: aspectos descriptivos, prescriptivos y contextuales de los estereotipos de género
    (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Psicología. Departamento de Psicología de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, 2015-12-16) García Ael, Mª Cristina; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Cuadrado Guirado, María Isabel
    La presente tesis tiene dos objetivos generales: a) examinar cómo son percibidos hombres y mujeres que desempeñan roles laborales tradicionales y no tradicionales; y b) analizar hasta qué punto el rendimiento organizacional determina la evaluación de hombres y mujeres líderes. Para cumplir con el primer objetivo, se han llevado a cabo dos estudios con metodología cuantitativa correlacional en los que se examina el estatus ocupacional y el contexto organizacional desde los tres componentes psicológicos del sesgo intergrupal (cognitivo, afectivo y conductual). Nuestra intención es comprobar si la dimensión afectiva, junto con la cognitiva, contribuye a perpetuar la segregación vertical y horizontal del mercado laboral. Con objeto de lograr el segundo objetivo, se han realizado dos estudios cuasi-experimentales. De nuevo, centrándonos en las dimensiones cognitiva, afectiva y conductual, analizamos cómo interactúan el contexto organizacional y el rendimiento organizacional. Nuestro fin es probar si una información precisa y cuantificable sobre el éxito de una mujer líder contribuye a reducir su incongruencia de rol en puestos de poder. En líneas generales, nuestros resultados constatan (estudio 1) una clara hegemonía de los rasgos masculinos (orientación a la tarea) sobre los femeninos (orientación a la relación) en roles de alto y de bajo estatus (p. ej., Sczesny, 2003), sobre todo, en el caso de las evaluadoras mujeres. Asimismo, nuestros datos revelan (estudio 2) que las emociones (admiración y envidia) median la relación entre estereotipos y tendencias conductuales; confirmando, así, que las conductas normativas en roles de alto estatus se asocian con el estereotipo masculino (competencia) y las que se consideran normativas en roles de bajo estatus se vinculan al estereotipo femenino (calidez), (Eagly, 1987). A su vez, la admiración que provoca este tipo de conductas se traslada a diferentes tendencias conductuales (Cuddy et al., 2007) que, según nuestros resultados, favorecen de forma explícita a los hombres. Respecto a nuestro segundo objetivo, nuestros resultados (estudio 3) muestran que una información objetiva sobre el éxito (beneficios) posibilita que una mujer líder reciba evaluaciones tan positivas como el hombre. Por el contrario, a un hombre líder se le penaliza más si fracasa (pérdidas) en el desempeño de su rol que a una mujer (Rudman & Mescher, 2013). Finalmente, las emociones (admiración) (estudio 4) también actúan como mediadoras entre estereotipos y conductas, posibilitando que hombres y mujeres líderes que trabajan en contextos organizacionales incongruentes con su género reciban evaluaciones más positivas que las de sus homólogos respectivos, tanto en éxito como en fracaso. En el primer caso, porque se tiene la expectativa de que van a tener un rendimiento inferior en dichos ámbitos. En el segundo, porque el fracaso parece ser menos contradictorio cuanto más incongruente es el ámbito organizacional. Según esto, es bastante plausible que las mujeres líderes reciba evaluaciones tan positivas como el hombre o que tenga las mismas oportunidades que él de seguir en su puesto de trabajo, competencia como la calidez percibidas de los líderes inciden en sus evaluaciones, pero por diferentes vías. A diferencia del segundo estudio, esta vez, la admiración no actúa como mediador en la relación entre la competencia percibida de los líderes y sus evaluaciones, ni en la situación de éxito ni en la de fracaso. La explicación más plausible quizás sea que, al asociar la competencia a un desempeño tangible y real, se esté pensando en habilidades aprendidas mediante procesos formativos, o adquiridas a través de la experiencia en diferentes puestos directivos; y no en una cualidad excepcional de marcado carácter personal, que, en el rol directivo, se asocia estereotípicamente con los hombres.
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    Formación de mediadores y mediadoras para el apoyo a personas con VIH
    (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Editorial, 2017) Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Fuster Ruiz de Apodaca, María José; Laguía González, Ana
    Este libro es el resultado del esfuerzo de muchas personas y entidades por aunar en un único material integrado una serie de recursos orientados a mejorar la capacidad y las habilidades de aquellas personas que estén interesadas en ofrecer apoyo a personas con VIH, de forma profesionalizada y, como elemento complementario, a los profesionales que atienden su salud. Responde asimismo a una demanda histórica desde las organizaciones, en el ámbito del VIH, para contar con una formación especializada en el área de la mediación entre pares. La evidencia científica existente señala, como algo pendiente a tratar, la necesidad de homogeneizar y reforzar la formación de aquellas personas que actúan como pares o como mediadoras. Por ello, este libro supone un paso adelante en superar dicha necesidad, proporcionando una formación homogénea y suficiente que permita dar apoyo en los diferentes procesos y necesidades que suelen enfrentarse las personas con VIH.
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    Identity Leadership and Work Engagement in Spain: A Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Identity Leadership Inventory
    (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, 2020) Laguía González, Ana; Moriano León, Juan Antonio; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Dick, Rolf van; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-9466
    This paper reports the adaptation and validation of the Identity Leadership Inventory (ILI) in a Spanish organizational context. In addition, this study empirically explores the positive relationship between identity leadership and followers’ work engagement as mediated by positive and negative job-related affect. A total of 854 employees from different organizations (53.6% female, 46.4% male; M = 40.7 years, SD = 11.5, 19-74) completed an online questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, as well as confirmatory factor analyses, were conducted. According to our results, the Spanish version of the ILI had adequate psychometric properties. The four dimensions obtained in other countries (i.e., identity prototypicality, identity advancement, identity entrepreneurship, and identity impresarioship) were replicated in our sample. Moreover, we found that only identity entrepreneurship significantly related to followers’ positive and negative affect at work, which in turn, related to reported work engagement. We conclude that the Spanish version of the ILI adequately measures identity leadership in organizations. Future studies can build on this instrument to assess and foster identity leadership among supervisors.
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    Liderazgo auténtico en muestras de militares españoles
    (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Escuela Internacional de Doctorado. Programa de Doctorado en Psicología de la Salud, 2021) Pastor Álvarez, Alberto; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Moriano León, Juan Antonio
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    Long-term partners’ relationship satisfaction and their perceptions of each other’s attachment insecurities
    (Wiley, 2016-03) Shaver, Phillip R.; Alonso Arbiol, Itziar; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; Recio Saboya, Patricia
    n this research, we examined actors’ and partners’ perceptions of each other’s attachment insecurities and the associations of these perceptions with relationship satisfaction. A sample of 148 heterosexual couples completed measures of self and partner attachment insecurities and relationship satisfaction. Results indicate that partners agree in their perceptions of their own and each other’s attachment insecurities (anxiety and avoidance). Based on the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM), we also found that both actors’ scores on avoidance and their perceptions of their partner’s degree of avoidanc are associated with lower relationship satisfaction. Finally, we found that the way an actor perceives his or her partner’s avoidance plays a mediational role in the association between partner’s self-reported avoidance and actor’s relationship satisfaction.
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    Perceived discrimination and emotional distress among family caregivers of children with physical disabilities: The mediational role of affiliate stigma and self-efficacy.
    (American Psychological Association, 2021) Nouvilas-Pallejà, E.; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Silván Ferrero, Mª Del Prado
    The main objective of this research is to examine the consequences of perceived discrimination in family caregivers of people with physical disabilities. Through path analysis, we test the association between caregivers’ perceived discrimination and their anxiety and depression and the mediating role that affiliate stigma and self-efficacy may play. We proposed a model that has not been tested previously in the literature on caregivers of people with physical disabilities. The sample includes 186 Spanish fathers (35%) or mothers (65%) raising children with physical disabilities. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated and structural equation modeling was used to examine the mediating effect. Results show that caregivers’ perceived discrimination is positively associated with their affiliate or internalized stigma that in turn is harmful to their anxiety and depression. However, caregivers’ self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relation between affiliate stigma and caregivers’ anxiety and depression. These results may be useful for designing interventions to improve the psychological well-being of the parents of children with physical disabilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
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    Perceived discrimination and self-esteem among family caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and children with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Spain: The mediational role of affiliate stigma and social support
    (Elsevier, 2020-10) Recio Saboya, Patricia; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; García Ael, Mª Cristina; Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio
    Background People with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are stigmatized, and therefore discriminated against worldwide and, on many occasions, this stigma and discrimination are expanded to include their family caregivers. The main objective of this research was to examine the consequences of perceived discrimination on family caregivers of children with ASD and children with ID. Methods The sample consisted of 109 Spanish caregivers of children with ASD and 83 caregivers of children with ID. They completed four questionnaires: Multidimensional Perceived Discrimination Scale, Affiliate Stigma Scale, Social Support Questionnaire and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results Using path analysis, we found support for a model in which personal discrimination perceived by caregivers was positively associated with affiliate stigma, which, in turn, was negatively related to caregivers’ self-esteem. The model also shows the total mediational role of affiliate stigma in the association between perceived discrimination and self-esteem and the partial mediational role that social support plays in the association between perceived discrimination and caregivers’ self-esteem. Conclusions Caregivers’ perceived discrimination negatively influences caregivers’ self-esteem, but this relationship is mediated by both affiliate stigma (totally) and social support (partially). These results have theoretical and practical implications and may contribute to improving the quality of life of parents of children with ASD and ID that in turn would result in an improvement of the quality of life of their children.
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    Perceived Discrimination and Well-Being in Romanian Immigrants: The Role of Social Support
    (Springer, 2014-06-12) Fernández Sedano, Iciar; Silván Ferrero, Mª Del Prado; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Gaviria Stewart, Elena; García Ael, Mª Cristina
    In this study, carried out with Romanian immigrants (N = 202), the aim was to test the extent to which discrimination in the workplace, health and legal contexts is linked to an important aspect of psychological well-being: self-acceptance. The results showed that immigrants had a relatively low level of perceived discrimination and good scores in self-acceptance, except for those who were unemployed. In addition, we examined the role of seeking social support in the relationship between perceived personal discrimination and self-acceptance. The structural equations analysis provided evidence that the postulated models fit the data well. Thus, it was confirmed that the higher the perceived personal discrimination, the lower the self-acceptance. The data also indicated that seeking social support ediates between perceived discrimination and psychological well-being. These findings demonstrate the protective effect of social support for the mental health of immigrants.
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    Perceived discrimination, internalized stigma and well-being in people with mental illness
    (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Psicología. Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, 2016-02-26) Pérez Garín, Daniel Arsenio; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge
    La investigación llevada a cabo en esta tesis tuvo por objeto en primer lugar determinar la relación entre la percepción de estigmatización y la internalización del estigma, y el efecto de éstas sobre el bienestar subjetivo de las personas con enfermedad mental, así como con su satisfacción con la vida y su bienestar psicológico, entre otras variables. La metodología empleada fueron estudios transversales con usuarios de distintos centros de rehabilitación de la red pública de atención a las personas con enfermedad mental. Los resultados de los dos estudios indican que la discriminación individual sutil predice una mayor internalización del estigma, y ésta a su vez predice un menor bienestar psicológico y subjetivo. Los datos también son coherentes con la mediación del bienestar psicológico entre el estigma internalizado y el bienestar subjetivo. No obstante, al analizar los efectos de los distintos componentes del estigma internalizado por separado, se observó que la alienación era el único que predecía significativamente ambos tipos de bienestar. Estos hallazgos podrían orientar el diseño de intervenciones que ayuden a los usuarios de los servicios de atención a las personas con enfermedad mental a combatir la estigmatización y a afrontarla de forma que afecte lo menos posible a su bienestar.
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    Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Dyadic-Familial Relationship Satisfaction Scale
    (Springer Nature, 2023-03-30) Matera, Camilla; Magallares Sanjuan, Alejandro; Recio Saboya, Patricia; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge
    The Dyadic-Familial Relationship Satisfaction Scale (DFRSS) is a valid and reliable instrument to assess dyadic and familial dimensions of relationship satisfaction in cohabitant couples with children. The main goal of this research was to validate the Spanish version of the DFRSS (Sp-DFRSS) following the guidelines for cross-cultural adaptations. Three studies were conducted. In Study 1 (n = 151), an exploratory factor analysis using principal axis factoring and oblimin rotation was performed to examine the factor structure of the Sp-DFRSS. In Study 2 (n = 500), a confirmatory factor analysis showed that a two factor model (dyadic and familial) provided the best fit to the data. In Study 3 (n = 100), we examined relationship satisfaction using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. The Sp-DFRSS as a whole and its subscales presented adequate reliability in the three studies, with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from 0.87 to 0.95. Moreover, convergent and divergent validity of the Sp-DFRSS was analyzed in Studies 1, 2 and 3, and significant correlations between the Sp-DFRSS’ subscales, life satisfaction, negative and positive affect, attachment (anxiety and avoidance), and psychological well-being were found. The Sp-DFRSS has good psychometric properties in terms of validity and reliability, so that it may be used by the Spanish-speaking scientific community to measure relationship satisfaction.
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    The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination And Affective Balance On People With Physical Disabilities: The Mediating Role Of Environmental Mastery
    (Universidad Católica de Colombia, 2013) Tecglen García, Claudia; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Silván Ferrero, Mª Del Prado; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; García Ael, Mª Cristina
    Numerosas investigaciones ponen de manifiesto que la discriminación percibida tiene un efecto negativo importante en la salud física y mental de las personas pertenecientes a diversos grupos estigmatizados. El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar la relación entre la discriminación percibida y el balance entre emociones positivas y negativas en personas con discapacidad física. Asimismo, se analiza el papel mediador de una variable especialmente relevante en relación con las personas con discapacidad física, el dominio del entorno (Ryff, 1989a), como factor protector de la influencia negativa de la discriminación. En el estudio participaron 52 personas con discapacidad física. Los resultados mostraron que la relación negativa entre la discriminación percibida y el balance afectivo se reduce significativamente al introducir el dominio del entorno en la ecuación. Asimismo, se encontró que la edad de los participantes está positivamente relacionada, tanto con el balance afectivo, como con el dominio del entorno. Esta investigación demuestra que en la medida en que las personas con discapacidad física se sienten con la habilidad personal de elegir o crear entornos favorables, los efectos negativos del estigma disminuyen.
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    Validación del Cuestionario de Intención Emprendedora en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de Colombia
    (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, 2017-05-22) Laguía González, Ana; Moriano León, Juan Antonio; Molero Alonso, Fernando Jorge; Gámez Gutiérrez, Jorge Alberto
    Este artículo presenta la validación del Cuestionario de Intención Emprendedora (CIE) en Colombia. Este cuestionario, desarrollado y validado en España (Rueda, Moriano, & Liñán, 2015), se enmarca dentro de la Teoría de la Acción Planificada (TAP, Ajzen, 1991). La TAP resulta en la actualidad el modelo más ampliamente utilizado para predecir las intenciones emprendedoras. Con una muestra de 316 estudiantes universitarios colombianos, el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales confirma que el CIE tiene una alta fiabilidad y validez predictiva sobre la intención emprendedora. Disponer de escalas de medida fiables y validadas en distintos contextos culturales permite las comparaciones entre distintas entidades y/o para una misma entidad en diferentes momentos (por ejemplo, antes y después de impartir un curso orientado al emprendimiento). Un mejor conocimiento de los antecedentes psicosociales (actitudes hacia el emprendimiento, norma subjetiva y autoeficacia emprendedora) que conducen a jóvenes universitarios a emprender puede contribuir a un diseño más adecuado de los programas de formación emprendedora que se están impulsando en muchas universidades y desde otro tipo de instituciones.