Publicación: Potencial de utilización de relaves de cobre como agregado fino en mortero de cemento
Fecha
2024-10-22
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España), Universidad de Concepción - Chile. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
El cobre es uno de los metales más utilizados en la sociedad. Debido a sus propiedades únicas, el cobre es esencial para varios sectores económicos, incluyendo infraestructura, cableado, plomería, transporte y equipos eléctricos y electrónicos tanto de consumo como industriales. La minería del cobre es una de las industrias mineras más importantes del mundo; la producción en 2023 fue de aproximadamente 22,52 millones de toneladas. Sin embargo, la industria minera genera enormes volúmenes de desechos. Los relaves mineros, también conocidos como residuos de procesamiento, son subproductos resultantes de la extracción y tratamiento de minerales, careciendo de valor económico y siendo desechados en vertederos o presas de relaves. Estos materiales, compuestos principalmente de roca triturada y residuos de plantas de concentración, representan desafíos ambientales significativos debido a su potencial impacto negativo en los ecosistemas circundantes. Sin embargo, en años recientes, se ha explorado activamente el potencial de los relaves mineros como materia prima alternativa en diversas aplicaciones industriales. Reemplazar el cemento y los agregados naturales con subproductos y desechos de otras industrias es una posible forma de lograr este objetivo. Una de estas aplicaciones es su utilización en la fabricación de morteros de cemento. Al incorporar relaves de cobre en la mezcla de mortero de cemento, se pueden obtener materiales de construcción con propiedades mejoradas, al tiempo que se reduce la cantidad de desechos mineros que requieren disposición. Este enfoque no solo ofrece una solución sostenible para la gestión de desechos mineros, sino que también puede contribuir a reducir la huella ambiental de la industria de la construcción. Este estudio tiene como objetivo añadir valor a los relaves de minería de cobre utilizándolos como sustitutos de agregados finos en la fabricación de morteros de cemento. Los estudios realizados sobre la resistencia de los especímenes, al reemplazar hasta un 30% de los agregados finos con relaves, indican un aumento general en la resistencia. Sin embargo, se observa una tendencia a la disminución de la resistencia con reemplazos más altos. El estudio mineralógico de los relaves revela la presencia de cuarzo como el mineral principal, seguido de micas. Los resultados de la prueba de flujo de los morteros muestran una disminución en la trabajabilidad a medida que aumenta el contenido de relaves como reemplazo del agregado fino.
Copper is one of the most widely used metals in society. Due to its unique properties copper is essential for several economic sectors, including infrastructure, wiring, plumbing, transportation, and consumer and industrial electrical and electronic equipment. Copper mine is one of the most important mining industries in the world, the production in 2023 was about 22.52 million tons. The mining industry does, however, produce enormous volumes of waste. The mining tailings, also known as processing tailings, are by-products resulting from the extraction and treatment of minerals, lacking economic value and disposed of in landfills or tailings dams. These materials, primarily composed of ground rock and beneficiation plant residues, pose significant environmental challenges due to their potential negative impact on surrounding ecosystems. However, in recent years, the potential of mining tailings as an alternative raw material in various industrial applications has been actively explored. Replacing cement and natural aggregates with byproducts and waste from other industries is one possible way of achieving this goal. One of these applications is their utilization in the manufacturing of cement mortars. By incorporating copper tailings into the cement mortar mix, construction materials with improved properties can be obtained, while simultaneously reducing the amount of mining waste requiring disposal. This approach not only offers a sustainable solution for mining waste management but also can contribute to reducing the environmental footprint of the construction industry. This study aims to add value to copper mining tailings by using them as substitutes for fine aggregate in cement mortar manufacturing. The studies conducted on the strength of specimens, when replacing up to 30% of tailings with sand, indicate a general increase in strength. However, there is an observed tendency for strength to decrease with higher replacements. The mineralogical study of the tailings reveals the presence of quartz as the major mineral, followed by micas. The Flow test results of the mortars show a decrease in workability as the tailings content increases as a replacement for fine aggregate.
Copper is one of the most widely used metals in society. Due to its unique properties copper is essential for several economic sectors, including infrastructure, wiring, plumbing, transportation, and consumer and industrial electrical and electronic equipment. Copper mine is one of the most important mining industries in the world, the production in 2023 was about 22.52 million tons. The mining industry does, however, produce enormous volumes of waste. The mining tailings, also known as processing tailings, are by-products resulting from the extraction and treatment of minerals, lacking economic value and disposed of in landfills or tailings dams. These materials, primarily composed of ground rock and beneficiation plant residues, pose significant environmental challenges due to their potential negative impact on surrounding ecosystems. However, in recent years, the potential of mining tailings as an alternative raw material in various industrial applications has been actively explored. Replacing cement and natural aggregates with byproducts and waste from other industries is one possible way of achieving this goal. One of these applications is their utilization in the manufacturing of cement mortars. By incorporating copper tailings into the cement mortar mix, construction materials with improved properties can be obtained, while simultaneously reducing the amount of mining waste requiring disposal. This approach not only offers a sustainable solution for mining waste management but also can contribute to reducing the environmental footprint of the construction industry. This study aims to add value to copper mining tailings by using them as substitutes for fine aggregate in cement mortar manufacturing. The studies conducted on the strength of specimens, when replacing up to 30% of tailings with sand, indicate a general increase in strength. However, there is an observed tendency for strength to decrease with higher replacements. The mineralogical study of the tailings reveals the presence of quartz as the major mineral, followed by micas. The Flow test results of the mortars show a decrease in workability as the tailings content increases as a replacement for fine aggregate.
Descripción
Organizado y patrocinado por: Federación iberoamericana de Ingeniería Mecánica y Universidad de Concepción - Chile. Departamento de Mecánica, FeIbIm – FeIbEM
Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
Relaves mineros, mortero, reemplazo de agregado fino, resistencia del mortero, Mine tailings, mortar, fine aggregate replacement, mortar strength
Citación
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Centro
E.T.S. de Ingenieros Industriales
Departamento
Mecánica