Publication: Estudio histórico-tecnológico, modelado y reconstrucción a escala de la bomba de seis cilindros de Taqī ad-Dîn
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Date
2022
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Abstract
El trabajo expone un estudio histórico y un análisis tecnológico de uno de los mecanismos más ingeniosos de la Edad Media en Oriente, época que puede considerarse una de las etapas más oscuras, en lo que al progreso tecnológico se refiere. Sin embargo, podemos desmentir esta calificación por aportaciones como las de Taqī Ad-Dîn (1526-1585). En este artículo se aborda el estudio de la obra magna de este inventor, “Al-Turuq al-samiyya fi al-alat al-ruhaniyya” o “Los Métodos Sublimes para Máquinas Espirituales” (1551) dentro de la cual nos centramos en el análisis de su máquina más relevante, “La Bomba de Seis Cilindros”. Se trata de una máquina hidráulica de elevación de agua, siendo el agua en movimiento de un rio, tanto la fuente de energía del artilugio como la fuente de suministro de la bomba. Esta funcionalidad se obtiene mediante el uso de seis cilindros en línea, inaudito en aquella época, con sus correspondientes pistones, varias válvulas anti retorno, movidos por una serie de levas y balancines. Una vez conocido su funcionamiento, se realizará una descripción de los componentes del mecanismo, su papel dentro de este artilugio y sus características y peculiaridades más significativas. Debido a las escasas aportaciones dimensionales existentes sobre la máquina, se realizará una interpretación de la “La Bomba de Seis Cilindros” con una reconstrucción virtual de ella, utilizando para ello un software de modelado geométrico. También se realizará una animación virtual para apreciar su funcionamiento, y mediante los módulos de ingeniería asistida, poder llevar a cabo el análisis mecánico de sus elementos más característicos. Finalmente, se realizará la reconstrucción a escala del mecanismo, empleando para ello diferentes tecnologías y materiales, lo que nos permitirá apreciarlo de una forma aproximada a la que el autor plasmó en su obra.
This work presents both a historical study and a technological analysis of one of the most ingenious mechanisms of the Middle Ages in the East, specifically in Damascus. This time can be considered one of the darkest stages, as far as technological progress is concerned. However, we can refute this qualification by contributions such as those of Taqī Ad-Dîn (1526-1585). This article has addressed a study of the great work of this inventor, “Al-Turuq al-samiyya fi al-alat al-ruhaniyya” or "The Sublime Methods for Spiritual Machines" (1551). Thus, within this work, we focus on the technological analysis of his most relevant hydraulic machine, "The Six Cylinder Pump". The aforementioned mechanism is a hydraulic machine for lifting water, the moving water of a river being both the source of energy for the device and the source of supply for the pump. This functionality is obtained through the use of six cylinders in line, unheard of at that time, with their corresponding pistons, actuated by gravity and together with several non-return valves. Thus, we understand this set as the heart of the machine, which will be moved by a series of cams and rockers. Once its operation has been explained, a description will be made of the multiple components of the mechanism, their role within this device and its most significant characteristics and peculiarities. Due to the scarce dimensional contributions of the inventor on his machine, an interpretation of "The Six Cylinder Pump" will be made with a virtual reconstruction of it, using for this mission a geometric modeling software capable of facilitating a satisfactory virtual reconstruction. A virtual animation will also be carried out to appreciate the mode of operation, and through the assisted engineering modules, to be able to carry out the mechanical analysis of its most characteristic elements. Finally, the scale reconstruction of the mechanism will be carried out, using different technologies and materials, which will allow us to appreciate it in a somewhat approximate way to what the author captured in his work.
This work presents both a historical study and a technological analysis of one of the most ingenious mechanisms of the Middle Ages in the East, specifically in Damascus. This time can be considered one of the darkest stages, as far as technological progress is concerned. However, we can refute this qualification by contributions such as those of Taqī Ad-Dîn (1526-1585). This article has addressed a study of the great work of this inventor, “Al-Turuq al-samiyya fi al-alat al-ruhaniyya” or "The Sublime Methods for Spiritual Machines" (1551). Thus, within this work, we focus on the technological analysis of his most relevant hydraulic machine, "The Six Cylinder Pump". The aforementioned mechanism is a hydraulic machine for lifting water, the moving water of a river being both the source of energy for the device and the source of supply for the pump. This functionality is obtained through the use of six cylinders in line, unheard of at that time, with their corresponding pistons, actuated by gravity and together with several non-return valves. Thus, we understand this set as the heart of the machine, which will be moved by a series of cams and rockers. Once its operation has been explained, a description will be made of the multiple components of the mechanism, their role within this device and its most significant characteristics and peculiarities. Due to the scarce dimensional contributions of the inventor on his machine, an interpretation of "The Six Cylinder Pump" will be made with a virtual reconstruction of it, using for this mission a geometric modeling software capable of facilitating a satisfactory virtual reconstruction. A virtual animation will also be carried out to appreciate the mode of operation, and through the assisted engineering modules, to be able to carry out the mechanical analysis of its most characteristic elements. Finally, the scale reconstruction of the mechanism will be carried out, using different technologies and materials, which will allow us to appreciate it in a somewhat approximate way to what the author captured in his work.
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UNESCO Categories
Keywords
historia de las máquinas y los mecanismos, modelado geométrico, ingeniería asistida, fabricación aditiva
Citation
Center
E.T.S. de Ingenieros Industriales
Department
Mecánica