Publicación: La composición jurisprudencial del deber de lealtad como límite a la libertad de expresión en el contexto de los partidos políticos.
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2020-12-10
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
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Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales
Resumen
La libertad de expresión es un elemento esencial en el sistema democrático, en especial dentro del debate político, donde apenas caben restricciones. Al menos para el común de los ciudadanos, ya que la jurisprudencia constitucional española impone a los afiliados a un partido político una limitación especial basada en el deber de lealtad a la organización, legitimando la imposición de sanciones disciplinarias para los que critiquen públicamente las decisiones de sus órganos directivos.Esta solución supone reforzar la posición de las élites partidistas frente a la del afiliado, especialmente si este es parte de una minoría discrepante, por lo que cabe plantear una interpretación alternativa de dicho deber, considerando las exigencias del principio de democracia interna, que permita a la libertad de expresión cumplir su función al servicio de la opinión pública al tiempo que sirve de contrapeso dentro de los partidos políticos.
Freedom of speech is a core element of democratic system, particularly within political debate, where restrictions are hardly admitted. At least when it is exercised by ordinary citizens, because Spanish constitutional case law imposes on members of political parties a particular limitation based on the duty of loyalty to the organization, which legitimizes the imposition of disciplinary sanctions for those who publicly criticize the decisions of its governing boards. This solution involves a reinforcement of the position of partisan elites against individuals, particularly if these are members of a dissenting minority. Consequently, the need of an alternative interpretation of that duty arises, taking into account the requirements of the principle of internal democracy and allowing individual freedom of expression to fulfil its role at the service of public opinion as well as it works as a counterweight within political parties.
Freedom of speech is a core element of democratic system, particularly within political debate, where restrictions are hardly admitted. At least when it is exercised by ordinary citizens, because Spanish constitutional case law imposes on members of political parties a particular limitation based on the duty of loyalty to the organization, which legitimizes the imposition of disciplinary sanctions for those who publicly criticize the decisions of its governing boards. This solution involves a reinforcement of the position of partisan elites against individuals, particularly if these are members of a dissenting minority. Consequently, the need of an alternative interpretation of that duty arises, taking into account the requirements of the principle of internal democracy and allowing individual freedom of expression to fulfil its role at the service of public opinion as well as it works as a counterweight within political parties.
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Palabras clave
Libertad de expresión, partidos políticos, democracia interna, derechos del afiliado, Freedom of speech, political parties, internal democracy, rights of the members of political parties
Citación
Centro
Facultad de Derecho
Departamento
Derecho Constitucional