Publicación: Medición del impacto ambiental en los aeropuertos: Propuesta de Indicadores
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2019-07-01
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales
Resumen
Los aeropuertos son instalaciones que causan un fuerte impacto sobre el medio natural y las poblaciones cercanas. Los principales efectos sobre el entorno son el aumento del nivel de ruido, la mala calidad del aire, el consumo de recursos y la gestión de los residuos producidos. Además, la gran extensión de terreno que ocupan funciona como una barrera para los ecosistemas y localidades de los alrededores. Sin embargo, su contribución al progreso económico y la mejora de la movilidad de las personas y mercancías hace prever un aumento de la demanda en los próximos años. Este crecimiento debe ser compatible con la legislación y con los compromisos medioambientales a nivel mundial, lo que obliga a tomar medidas para reducir los impactos negativos. Para ello, el presente trabajo propone un sistema de indicadores que permite monitorizar la sostenibilidad ambiental de un aeropuerto. Se han dividido por áreas ambientales y organizados mediante fichas explicativas. Una vez implantados, pueden formar parte del Sistema de Gestión Ambiental y de la información referente a sostenibilidad. La aplicación práctica de estos indicadores se ha examinado confrontando los registros ambientales de 2017 en un aeropuerto grande ubicado en España. Esto permitirá conocer las principales limitaciones de los aeropuertos a la hora de medir sus impactos ambientales y, por tanto, se podrán definir las acciones adecuadas para corregir dichas limitaciones.
Airports are facilities that cause a strong impact on the natural environment and nearby populations. The main effects on the environment are the increase in noise level, the poor air quality, the resources consumption and the waste produced management. In addition, the vast expanse of land they occupy serves as a barrier to the surrounding ecosystems and localities. However, their contribution to economic progress and the mobility improvement of people and goods is expected to increase demand in the next years. This growth must be consistent with legislation and environmental commitments at global level, forcing measures to reduce negative impacts. To this end, this paper proposes one indicators system that allows to monitor the environmental sustainability of an airport. They have been divided by environmental areas and organized by explanatory tokens. Once implemented, they can be part of the environmental management system and the information regarding sustainability. The practical application of these indicators has been examined by confronting the environmental records of 2017 in a large airport located in Spain. This will allow us to know the main airports limitations when measuring their environmental impacts and, therefore, it will be possible to define the appropriate actions to correct these limitations.
Airports are facilities that cause a strong impact on the natural environment and nearby populations. The main effects on the environment are the increase in noise level, the poor air quality, the resources consumption and the waste produced management. In addition, the vast expanse of land they occupy serves as a barrier to the surrounding ecosystems and localities. However, their contribution to economic progress and the mobility improvement of people and goods is expected to increase demand in the next years. This growth must be consistent with legislation and environmental commitments at global level, forcing measures to reduce negative impacts. To this end, this paper proposes one indicators system that allows to monitor the environmental sustainability of an airport. They have been divided by environmental areas and organized by explanatory tokens. Once implemented, they can be part of the environmental management system and the information regarding sustainability. The practical application of these indicators has been examined by confronting the environmental records of 2017 in a large airport located in Spain. This will allow us to know the main airports limitations when measuring their environmental impacts and, therefore, it will be possible to define the appropriate actions to correct these limitations.
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Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
indicadores, impactos ambientales, transporte, aeropuerto, indicators, environmental impacts, transport, airport
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Facultades y escuelas::Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales
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