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Combination of Zinc Oxide Photocatalysis with Membrane Filtration for Surface Water Disinfection

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dc.contributor.authorMartínez Sosa, Santiago
dc.contributor.authorHuertas Penela, Rosa María
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Vanessa Jorge
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-22T09:09:52Z
dc.date.available2025-09-22T09:09:52Z
dc.date.issued2023-01-02
dc.descriptionThe registered version of this article, first published in Membranes, 13(1), 56, is available online at the publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010056
dc.descriptionLa versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en Membranes, 13(1), 56, está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010056
dc.descriptionThis research was funded through the European Commission-Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) for the Erasmus Mundus scholarship under the program: Erasmus Mundus Master in Membrane Engineering for a Sustainable Word (EM3E-4SW), Project Number- 574441-EPP-1-2016-1-FR-EPPKA1-JMD-MOB as well as the financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through the grants CEECIND/02919/2018 and PTDC/EAM-AMB/30989/2017.
dc.description.abstractIncrease water usage has led to its deterioration. Pollutants are easily found in the aquatic environment and treatment techniques must keep improving to meet the current needs and future demands. Membranes are attractive for water treatment, but limitations like fouling and the highly concentrate produced affect their performance. Combining membrane filtration with photocatalysis provides the opportunity to integrate a self-cleaning step during membrane filtration. In this work, we studied two simple and efficient approaches to combine membrane filtration with zinc oxide nanoparticles (using the catalyst in suspension and immobilized) activated by light emitting diodes (LED) emitting light at 365 nm. Both systems were used to test the disinfection efficiency in real surface water, compared in terms of catalyst concentration in the permeate stream (below the limit of detection) and its recovery after filtration (higher that 74%). The system’s capability to retain and inactivate target bacteria (total coliforms and E. coli) in the retentate stream was tested with samples of real surface water. The results obtained show that both configurations led to an improved performance in comparison to the membrane treatment alone with a higher retention of the bacteria (not detected in the permeate samples) and higher treatment of the retentate. For the modified membranes, different catalyst concentrations and thermal treatments were tested. The performance of all the processes was evaluated in terms of the level of treatment achieved and the permeate flux. All the modified membranes showed an efficient retention of the target bacteria from surface water, with higher performances than the unmodified membrane (96.2% for total coliforms and 94.9% for E. coli). Remarkable retention and treatment of the retentate was achieved using a membrane modified with a catalyst load of 125 mg subject during two hours to a thermal treatment of 300 °C. This modification has a performance comparable to the system with the same catalyst load in suspension. During operation, the permeate flux reduction is lower with the modified membranes which could lead to longer operation times without the need of further cleaning or replacement. The combined system, ceramic membranes modified with zinc oxide and UV-A LEDs proved to be effective to retain and disinfect water quality indicator bacteria present in real surface water matrices.en
dc.description.versionversión publicada
dc.identifier.citationSosa, S. M., Huertas, R., & Pereira, V. J. (2023). Combination of Zinc Oxide Photocatalysis with Membrane Filtration for Surface Water Disinfection. Membranes, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/MEMBRANES13010056
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010056
dc.identifier.issn2077-0375
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/30102
dc.journal.issue1
dc.journal.titleMembranes
dc.journal.volume13
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.centerFacultad de Ciencias
dc.relation.departmentCiencias y Técnicas Fisicoquímicas
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject23 Química
dc.subject.keywordsmembrane processesen
dc.subject.keywordsZnO nanoparticlesen
dc.subject.keywordsphotocatalysisen
dc.subject.keywordswater disinfectionen
dc.titleCombination of Zinc Oxide Photocatalysis with Membrane Filtration for Surface Water Disinfectionen
dc.typeartículoes
dc.typejournal articleen
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublication559a1645-c7e7-4e61-a6dc-ff71cd98d6f5
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery559a1645-c7e7-4e61-a6dc-ff71cd98d6f5
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