Publicación: Marco de referencia para la implementación de tecnología de redes inteligentes y mapa de inversión. Caso práctico: Empresa de Alumbrado de Ceuta
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2015-12-10
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y Control
Resumen
La evolución de los sistemas eléctricos hacia redes inteligentes, llamadas “Smart Grids”, se está produciendo actualmente de forma gradual. Además, será un proceso de mejora constante en el futuro, mediante la incorporación progresiva de tecnologías de la información y de las comunicaciones, junto con tecnologías electrotécnicas, tanto actuales como nuevas. Esta evolución es una necesidad para poder cumplir los objetivos medioambientales, de eficiencia energética, uso de energías renovables o electrificación del transporte, y los objetivos sociales, como el mayor acceso a la electricidad o la democratización de la generación eléctrica, entre otros. Por otro lado, supone una oportunidad desde el punto de vista económico y de negocio, para los actores que participan en el sistema eléctrico. Estos pueden mejorar su servicio y sus beneficios mediante el uso de las tecnologías de redes inteligentes más apropiadas. Esta necesidad de desarrollar las redes inteligentes y la oportunidad de beneficios que brindan requiere de inversiones importantes y presenta dificultades para su implementación. Estas inversiones están dificultadas por la incertidumbre, la complejidad, la multiplicidad de las tecnologías, de las aplicaciones disponibles y porque afectan a muchos actores. La motivación de esta tesis es aportar al estado del arte dentro de la tecnología de redes inteligentes, en el ámbito de la toma de decisiones de implementación. El objetivo de la investigación es facilitar la selección de tecnologías y aplicaciones. Se propone en esta tesis doctoral una nueva metodología y un marco de referencia como herramienta para la toma de decisiones en el entorno de las redes inteligentes.Los trabajos que se realizan como parte de la tesis han consistido en la investigación y el desarrollo, a partir de resultados en análisis coste-beneficio y modelos de madurez de redes inteligentes previos, de una nueva metodología. El resultado principal que se ha obtenido es el marco de referencia para la implementación de tecnología de redes inteligentes y mapa de inversión. Esta herramienta se ha validado con su aplicación en un caso práctico, para la Empresa de Alumbrado Eléctrico de Ceuta S.A. y se ha demostrado su utilidad, presentado en un congreso internacional. Como parte de este marco de referencia, dos metodologías novedosas fueron desarrolladas y publicadas en revistas de impacto. Una de ellas, para el desarrollo de la infraestructura de movilidad eléctrica interurbana y la otra para la evaluación de configuraciones óptimas de microrredes.
The evolution of electrical systems towards intelligent networks, called Smart Grids, is currently occurring gradually. This process is expected to be of continuous improvement in the future, through the progressive incorporation of information and communication technologies, combined with electro-technical technologies. The development of Smart Grids is required to meet environmental goals, on energy efficiency, renewable energy and electrification of transport, and social objectives, such as greater access to electricity or the democratization of power generation, among others. Besides, the development also represents an opportunity from an economic point of view and for the business actors involved in the electrical system. These companies can improve their service and benefits by using the most appropriate Smart Grid technologies. The need to develop Smart Grids and the opportunity to provide benefits requires significant investments and presents difficulties for implementation. These investments are hampered by uncertainty, complexity, multiplicity of technologies, applications and because they affect many actors. The motivation of this thesis is to extend the Smart Grid technology state of the art in the field of implementation decisions. The objective of the research is to facilitate the selection of technologies and applications. A new methodology and a reference framework as a tool for decision making in the environment of Smart Grids is proposed. The work done as part of the thesis consisted in the research of previous costbenefit analysis and maturity models, resulting in the development of a new methodology.The main result is the proposed framework for the implementation of smart grid technology and investment map. This tool has been validated through its application in a case study for the Electric Lighting Company of Ceuta SA and it has proven useful and presented in the proceedings of an international congress. As part of the framework, two novel methodologies, one for interurban electrical mobility implementation and another for microgrid assessment were developed and the results published in peer-to-peer reviewed journals.
The evolution of electrical systems towards intelligent networks, called Smart Grids, is currently occurring gradually. This process is expected to be of continuous improvement in the future, through the progressive incorporation of information and communication technologies, combined with electro-technical technologies. The development of Smart Grids is required to meet environmental goals, on energy efficiency, renewable energy and electrification of transport, and social objectives, such as greater access to electricity or the democratization of power generation, among others. Besides, the development also represents an opportunity from an economic point of view and for the business actors involved in the electrical system. These companies can improve their service and benefits by using the most appropriate Smart Grid technologies. The need to develop Smart Grids and the opportunity to provide benefits requires significant investments and presents difficulties for implementation. These investments are hampered by uncertainty, complexity, multiplicity of technologies, applications and because they affect many actors. The motivation of this thesis is to extend the Smart Grid technology state of the art in the field of implementation decisions. The objective of the research is to facilitate the selection of technologies and applications. A new methodology and a reference framework as a tool for decision making in the environment of Smart Grids is proposed. The work done as part of the thesis consisted in the research of previous costbenefit analysis and maturity models, resulting in the development of a new methodology.The main result is the proposed framework for the implementation of smart grid technology and investment map. This tool has been validated through its application in a case study for the Electric Lighting Company of Ceuta SA and it has proven useful and presented in the proceedings of an international congress. As part of the framework, two novel methodologies, one for interurban electrical mobility implementation and another for microgrid assessment were developed and the results published in peer-to-peer reviewed journals.
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Facultades y escuelas::E.T.S. de Ingenieros Industriales