Publicación: Individualismo y colectivismo en el comportamiento de adolescentes costarricenses frente a la desigualdad en la distribución de recursos
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Fecha
2024-02-02
Autores
Chaverri Chaves, Pablo
Fernández Sedano, Iciar
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Fundación Universitaria Católica del Norte
Resumen
La importancia de la cultura en la desigualdad es reconocida en la literatura académica, pero no es claro a través de qué mecanismos se relacionan ambos fenómenos. El presente estudio examinó la influencia de la orientación cultural individualista-colectivista ante la desigualdad en la distribución de recursos en adolescentes costarricenses (N = 264, M edad = 13.42 años, DE edad = .72, 50.8 % mujeres). Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental con un priming agentivo en tres condiciones (individualista, colectivista y control) como variable independiente, y el Juego del Ultimátum -JdU- (en versión de pago por trabajo) como variable dependiente. Como covariables se incluyeron el autoconcepto independiente e interdependiente, la percepción de la desigualdad en la vida cotidiana, la preocupación por el dinero, la religiosidad, la autopercepción de clase social y las características sociodemográficas. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el priming individualista y un mayor rechazo a los tratos altamente desiguales, aunque no así con los tratos moderadamente desiguales, y no hubo significación con el priming colectivista. Estos hallazgos indican que las orientaciones culturales juegan un papel relevante en el comportamiento ante la desigualdad social. Este estudio representa una innovación metodológica al relacionar técnicas de priming con técnicas de juegos económicos.
The importance of culture in inequality is recognized in the academic literature, but it is not clear through what mechanisms the two phenomena are related. The present study examined the influence of individualistic-collectivist cultural orientation on inequality in the distribution of resources in Costa Rican adolescents (N = 264, M age = 13.42 years, SD = .72, 50.8 % female). A quasi-experimental study was carried out with an agentive priming in three conditions (individualistic, collectivist and control) as the independent variable, and the Ultimatum Game -JdU- (in the pay-for-work version) as the dependent variable. Covariates included independent and interdependent self-concept, perception of inequality in everyday life, concern about money, religiosity, self-perception of social class, and sociodemographic characteristics. A significant association was found between individualistic priming and greater rejection of highly unequal treatment, although not with moderately unequal treatment, and there was no significance with collectivist priming. These findings indicate that cultural orientations play an important role in behavior in the face of social inequality. This study represents a methodological innovation by relating priming techniques with economic game techniques.
The importance of culture in inequality is recognized in the academic literature, but it is not clear through what mechanisms the two phenomena are related. The present study examined the influence of individualistic-collectivist cultural orientation on inequality in the distribution of resources in Costa Rican adolescents (N = 264, M age = 13.42 years, SD = .72, 50.8 % female). A quasi-experimental study was carried out with an agentive priming in three conditions (individualistic, collectivist and control) as the independent variable, and the Ultimatum Game -JdU- (in the pay-for-work version) as the dependent variable. Covariates included independent and interdependent self-concept, perception of inequality in everyday life, concern about money, religiosity, self-perception of social class, and sociodemographic characteristics. A significant association was found between individualistic priming and greater rejection of highly unequal treatment, although not with moderately unequal treatment, and there was no significance with collectivist priming. These findings indicate that cultural orientations play an important role in behavior in the face of social inequality. This study represents a methodological innovation by relating priming techniques with economic game techniques.
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Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
Adolescentes, Colectivismo, Costa Rica, Desigualdad socioeconómica, Individualismo, Juego del ultimátum, Priming, Adolescents, Collectivism, Socioeconomic inequality, Individualism, Ultimatum game, Priming
Citación
Centro
Facultad de Psicología
Departamento
Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones