Publicación: Mulheres na Engenharia Mecânica: Um estudo sobre a importância do empoderamento na área
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2024-10-22
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España), Universidad de Concepción - Chile. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica
Resumen
Durante séculos, foi imposto às mulheres o papel de cuidar da casa e dos filhos. As poucas que trabalhavam eram viúvas ou solteiras e o faziam apenas para o próprio sustento — e, claro, sob constante discriminação e desvalorização da sociedade. No entanto, no Brasil, tal cenário começou a mudar significativamente ao longo do século XX. Em meio ao avanço industrial no país, as mulheres foram conquistando um espaço maior no mercado de trabalho. Apesar de a Constituição ter estabelecido que o sexo não deveria distinguir o salário, a carga horária ou a demissão de um funcionário, sabemos que não foi bem assim, e que até hoje, pleno século XXI, ainda há essa distinção salarial. Afinal, embora a mão de obra feminina fosse muito necessária nas fábricas, os homens continuavam a receber salários maiores e eram os principais responsáveis por sustentar a casa. Ou seja, as explorações, desigualdades e desafios enfrentados pelas mulheres perduraram por um bom tempo e seguem até hoje.
Apesar de todas as marcas do passado que se refletem no presente e futuro é importante entender o papel da igualdade dentro da sociedade e ainda mais no ramo da engenharia para que seja possível construirmos um futuro cada vez mais igualitário. A igualdade entre indivíduos é fundamental em qualquer ramo da sociedade. Seja ele político, econômico ou social. No Brasil, as mulheres representam 51,5% do país, estudam mais que os homens, têm recebido aumento salarial significativo nos últimos anos, mas ainda assim não ocupam a maior porcentagem de cargos de destaque seja na indústria ou política e recebem menos 20,7% que os homens (FONTE: BRASIL. Ministério do Trabalho).
Infelizmente, a sociedade tem um preconceito de que a Engenharia é uma área majoritariamente masculina. Isso não é um total mentira, mas está mudando aos poucos. Segundo o Sistema CONFEA/CREA e MÚTUA, apenas 15% dos cadastros no Sistema são de mulheres. Além disso, dentro dos conselhos, somente 12% dos integrantes é do sexo feminino.
A fim de contribuir com a equidade de gênero, este projeto foca no estudo, estímulo e incentivo para que pessoas que se identificam com o gênero feminino ingressem nas engenharias, com ênfase na engenharia mecânica, uma área tradicionalmente dominada por homens. De forma acessível e transparente, apresentamos detalhamentos sobre as diferentes áreas, carreira acadêmica, pesquisas e mercado de trabalho, destacando a importância de ocupar esses espaços. O projeto foi cuidadosamente planejado e pesquisado para alcançar o sucesso nos objetivos propostos.
Durante um ano, reunimos mais de 500 meninas de escolas públicas, oferecendo workshops, palestras e rodas de conversa sobre as diversas áreas de atuação e o mercado de trabalho. Esses eventos proporcionaram trocas de perspectivas, permitindo que as participantes comparassem suas visões antes e depois de terem acesso ao conhecimento e incentivo nas áreas de engenharia, especialmente na mecânica, e ao vasto leque de oportunidades que ela oferece.
Em resumo, o projeto “Mulheres na Mecânica: Promovendo seu Acesso” não busca apenas despertar o interesse das mulheres e coletar dados sobre isso, mas também garantir a criação de um espaço de discussão e desenvolvimento.
Esse espaço visa capacitar e motivar pessoas que se identificam com o gênero feminino a ingressar nesse campo, ao mesmo tempo em que estuda o impacto positivo desse empoderamento na área.
For centuries, women were forced to take care of the home and children. The few who worked were widows or single and did so only to support themselves — and, of course, under constant discrimination and devaluation from society. However, in Brazil, this scenario began to change significantly throughout the 20th century. Amid the country's industrial advances, women began to gain a greater space in the job market. Although the Constitution established that gender should not distinguish an employee's salary, working hours or dismissal, we know that this was not the case, and that even today, in the 21st century, this salary distinction still exists. After all, although female labor was greatly needed in factories, men continued to receive higher salaries and were primarily responsible for providing for the household. In other words, the exploitation, inequalities and challenges faced by women lasted for a long time and continue to this day. Despite all the marks of the past that are reflected in the present and future, it is important to understand the role of equality within society and even more so in the field of engineering so that we can build an increasingly egalitarian future. Equality between individuals is fundamental in any branch of society, be it political, economic or social. In Brazil, women represent 51.5% of the country, study more than men, have received significant salary increases in recent years, but still do not occupy the largest percentage of prominent positions in industry or politics and receive 20.7% less than men (SOURCE: BRAZIL. Ministry of Labor). Unfortunately, society has a prejudice that Engineering is a predominantly male field. This is not a complete lie, but it is gradually changing. According to the CONFEA/CREA and MÚTUA System, only 15% of the registrations in the System are of women. Furthermore, within the councils, only 12% of the members are female. In order to contribute to gender equality, this project focuses on studying, encouraging and encouraging people who identify as female to enter engineering, with an emphasis on mechanical engineering, an area traditionally dominated by men. In an accessible and transparent manner, we present details about the different areas, academic careers, research and the job market, highlighting the importance of occupying these spaces. The project was carefully planned and researched to achieve success in the proposed objectives. For one year, we brought together more than 500 girls from public schools, offering workshops, lectures and discussion groups about the different areas of activity and the job market. These events provided an exchange of perspectives, allowing participants to compare their views before and after having access to knowledge and encouragement in the areas of engineering, especially in mechanics, and the wide range of opportunities it offers. In short, the project “Women in Mechanics: Promoting their Access” seeks not only to arouse women's interest and collect data on this, but also to ensure the creation of a space for discussion and development. This space aims to train and motivate people who identify with the female gender to enter this field, while studying the positive impact of this empowerment in the area.
For centuries, women were forced to take care of the home and children. The few who worked were widows or single and did so only to support themselves — and, of course, under constant discrimination and devaluation from society. However, in Brazil, this scenario began to change significantly throughout the 20th century. Amid the country's industrial advances, women began to gain a greater space in the job market. Although the Constitution established that gender should not distinguish an employee's salary, working hours or dismissal, we know that this was not the case, and that even today, in the 21st century, this salary distinction still exists. After all, although female labor was greatly needed in factories, men continued to receive higher salaries and were primarily responsible for providing for the household. In other words, the exploitation, inequalities and challenges faced by women lasted for a long time and continue to this day. Despite all the marks of the past that are reflected in the present and future, it is important to understand the role of equality within society and even more so in the field of engineering so that we can build an increasingly egalitarian future. Equality between individuals is fundamental in any branch of society, be it political, economic or social. In Brazil, women represent 51.5% of the country, study more than men, have received significant salary increases in recent years, but still do not occupy the largest percentage of prominent positions in industry or politics and receive 20.7% less than men (SOURCE: BRAZIL. Ministry of Labor). Unfortunately, society has a prejudice that Engineering is a predominantly male field. This is not a complete lie, but it is gradually changing. According to the CONFEA/CREA and MÚTUA System, only 15% of the registrations in the System are of women. Furthermore, within the councils, only 12% of the members are female. In order to contribute to gender equality, this project focuses on studying, encouraging and encouraging people who identify as female to enter engineering, with an emphasis on mechanical engineering, an area traditionally dominated by men. In an accessible and transparent manner, we present details about the different areas, academic careers, research and the job market, highlighting the importance of occupying these spaces. The project was carefully planned and researched to achieve success in the proposed objectives. For one year, we brought together more than 500 girls from public schools, offering workshops, lectures and discussion groups about the different areas of activity and the job market. These events provided an exchange of perspectives, allowing participants to compare their views before and after having access to knowledge and encouragement in the areas of engineering, especially in mechanics, and the wide range of opportunities it offers. In short, the project “Women in Mechanics: Promoting their Access” seeks not only to arouse women's interest and collect data on this, but also to ensure the creation of a space for discussion and development. This space aims to train and motivate people who identify with the female gender to enter this field, while studying the positive impact of this empowerment in the area.
Descripción
Organizado y patrocinado por: Federación iberoamericana de Ingeniería Mecánica y Universidad de Concepción - Chile. Departamento de Mecánica, FeIbIm – FeIbEM
Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
mulher, engenharia, mecânica, empoderamento, woman, engineering, mechanics, empowerment
Citación
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Centro
E.T.S. de Ingenieros Industriales
Departamento
Mecánica