Publicación: Problemas de accesibilidad del espacio público y aislamiento social de personas mayores con discapacidad en Hermosillo, México
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2023
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Atribución 4.0 Internacional
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
El estudio examina la asociación entre los problemas de accesibilidad del espacio público y el aislamiento social de las personas mayores con discapacidad. La metodología se basa en un análisis estadístico multivariado (regresión logística binaria, componentes principales, clúster) de los datos de una encuesta a 381 adultos mayores con discapacidad y una auditoría ambiental de segmentos de calles en el centro de la ciudad de Hermosillo, México. Se utiliza una escala de accesibilidad del espacio público para evaluar los indicadores de funcionalidad, comodidad, seguridad y destino. Los resultados indicaron que el riesgo de aislamiento social está asociado con baja capacidad funcional, enfermedades cardiovasculares, problemas psicológicos, menor movilidad fuera del hogar, escasas redes sociales y problemas de accesibilidad del espacio público. En los barrios con alto riesgo de aislamiento social se registraron mayores problemas de accesibilidad percibida (mal estado de calles y aceras, iluminación, inseguridad) y accesibilidad objetiva (grado de accesibilidad, funcionalidad y destino) en el espacio público, y menor capacidad funcional. Las modificaciones de las características ambientales que determinan la accesibilidad del espacio público podrían redefinir el comportamiento y prevenir el aislamiento social de los adultos mayores con discapacidad, promoviendo ciudades y comunidades amigables con el envejecimiento activo y saludable.
The study examines the association between problems of accessibility of public space and the social isolation of older people with disabilities. The methodology is based on a multivariate statistical analysis (binary logistic regression, main components, cluster) of the data from a survey of 381 older adults with disabilities and an environmental audit of street segments in the downtown of Hermosillo, Mexico. A public space accessibility scale is used to evaluate the indicators of functionality, comfort, safety and destination. The results indicated that the risk of social isolation is associated with low functional capacity, cardiovascular diseases, psychological problems, less mobility outside the home, few social networks, and accessibility problems of public space. In neighborhoods with a high risk of social isolation, there were greater problems of perceived accessibility (poor condition of streets and sidewalks, lighting, insecurity) and objective accessibility (degree of accessibility, functionality and destination) in public space, and lower functional capacity. Modifications to the environmental characteristics that determine the accessibility of public space could redefine behavior and prevent social isolation of older adults with disabilities, promoting age-friendly cities and communities to the active and healthy ageing.
The study examines the association between problems of accessibility of public space and the social isolation of older people with disabilities. The methodology is based on a multivariate statistical analysis (binary logistic regression, main components, cluster) of the data from a survey of 381 older adults with disabilities and an environmental audit of street segments in the downtown of Hermosillo, Mexico. A public space accessibility scale is used to evaluate the indicators of functionality, comfort, safety and destination. The results indicated that the risk of social isolation is associated with low functional capacity, cardiovascular diseases, psychological problems, less mobility outside the home, few social networks, and accessibility problems of public space. In neighborhoods with a high risk of social isolation, there were greater problems of perceived accessibility (poor condition of streets and sidewalks, lighting, insecurity) and objective accessibility (degree of accessibility, functionality and destination) in public space, and lower functional capacity. Modifications to the environmental characteristics that determine the accessibility of public space could redefine behavior and prevent social isolation of older adults with disabilities, promoting age-friendly cities and communities to the active and healthy ageing.
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Palabras clave
personas mayores, discapacidad, aislamiento social, accesibilidad, espacio público, older adults, disability, social isolation, accessibility, public space
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Facultad de Geografía e Historia
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Geografía