Publicación: Estudio del alistamiento militar obligatorio durante el Franquismo. caso de Puertollano, reemplazos de 1938 a 1943 a través de las cajas de quintas
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2023
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Geografía e Historia. Departamento de Historia Contemporánea
Resumen
Las nuevas leyes dictadas por el bando vencedor de la guerra civil trajeron consigo un nuevo sistema para llevar a cabo el alistamiento militar obligatorio. En los primeros días de enero de 1940, los ayuntamientos de todo el estado español, pusieron en marcha los mecanismos necesarios para que los jóvenes de cada ciudad o pueblo cumplieran con el inexcusable deber de incorporarse a filas. El caso de Puertollano es un ejemplo de ello. Para la realización del presente estudio se han tenido en cuenta los reemplazos de los años de 1938 a 1943, con la finalidad de conocer y entender todos los procesos que se llevaron a cabo en unos momentos tan difíciles y delicados, dentro de un contexto histórico de postguerra. Para ello, se han analizado los datos obtenidos de las cajas de quintas custodiadas en el Archivo Histórico Municipal de Puertollano. Los mozos de Puertollano, al igual que los demás jóvenes españoles, tenían la obligación de alistarse para cumplir el Servicio Militar y de ser clasificados desde el punto de vista de su actuación con respecto al Movimiento. De tal clasificación dependía su destino en el ejército o en los batallones disciplinarios de soldados trabajadores, si eran considerados desafectos al nuevo régimen. Conocer su procedencia y dedicación laboral, así como rescatar del anonimato a fallecidos, detenidos o represaliados han sido otros de los fines del presente estudio.
The new laws dictated by the victorious side of the civil war brought with them a new system to carry out the mandatory militar enlistment. In the first days of January 1940, the town halls of the entire Spanish state put in place the necessary mechanisms so that the young people of each city or town fulfilled the inexcusable duty of joining the ranks. The case of Puertollano is an example of this. For the realization of this study, the replacements of the years from 1938 to 1943 have been taken into account, in order to know and understand all the processes that werecarried out in such difficult and delicate moments within a post-war historical context. For this, the data obtained from the boxes of call-ups guarded in the Municipal Historical Archive of Puertollano have been analyzed. The youths from Puertollano, like other young Spaniards, had the obligation to enlist for military service and to be classified from the point of view of their performance with respect to the Movement. Their fate in the army or in the disciplinary battalions of worker soldiers depended on such classification, if they were considered disaffected by the new regime. Knowing their origin and dedication to work, as well as rescuing the deceased, detained or retaliated from anonymity have been other purposes of this study.
The new laws dictated by the victorious side of the civil war brought with them a new system to carry out the mandatory militar enlistment. In the first days of January 1940, the town halls of the entire Spanish state put in place the necessary mechanisms so that the young people of each city or town fulfilled the inexcusable duty of joining the ranks. The case of Puertollano is an example of this. For the realization of this study, the replacements of the years from 1938 to 1943 have been taken into account, in order to know and understand all the processes that werecarried out in such difficult and delicate moments within a post-war historical context. For this, the data obtained from the boxes of call-ups guarded in the Municipal Historical Archive of Puertollano have been analyzed. The youths from Puertollano, like other young Spaniards, had the obligation to enlist for military service and to be classified from the point of view of their performance with respect to the Movement. Their fate in the army or in the disciplinary battalions of worker soldiers depended on such classification, if they were considered disaffected by the new regime. Knowing their origin and dedication to work, as well as rescuing the deceased, detained or retaliated from anonymity have been other purposes of this study.
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Palabras clave
reclutamiento, ayuntamientos, Franquismo, quintas, servicio militar, adepto, desafecto, indiferente, prófugo, recruitment, city halls, Francoism, classes, military service, adept
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Facultad de Geografía e Historia
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