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Improving the coastal record of tsunamis in the ESI-07 scale: Tsunami Environmental Effects Scale (TEE-16 scale)

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dc.contributor.authorBardají Azcárate, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Pablo G.
dc.contributor.authorZazo Cardeña, Caridad
dc.contributor.authorGoy Goy, José Luis
dc.contributor.authorLario Gómez, Javier
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-20T12:05:25Z
dc.date.available2024-05-20T12:05:25Z
dc.date.issued2016-06
dc.description.abstractThis paper discusses possibilities to improve the Environmental Seismic Intensity Scale (ESI-07 scale), a scale based on the effects of earthquakes in the environment. This scale comprises twelve intensity degrees and considers primary and secondary effects, one of them the occurrence of tsunamis. Terminology and physical tsunami parameters corresponding to different intensity levels are often misleading and confusing. The present work proposes: i) a revised and updated catalogue of environmental and geological effects of tsunamis, gathering all the available information on Tsunami Environmental Effects (TEEs) produced by recent earthquake-tsunamis; ii) a specific intensity scale (TEE-16) for the effects of tsunamis in the natural environment at coastal areas. The proposed scale could be used in future tsunami events and, in historic and paleo-tsunami studies. The new TEE- 16 scale incorporates the size specific parameters already considered in the ESI-07 scale, such as wave height, run-up and inland extension of inundation, and a comprehensive and more accurate terminology that covers all the different intensity levels identifiable in the geological record (intensities VI-XII). The TEE-16 scale integrates the description and quantification of the potential sedimentary and erosional features (beach scours, transported boulders and classical tsunamites) derived from different tsunami events at diverse coastal environments (e.g. beaches, estuaries, rocky cliffs,). This new approach represents an innovative advance in relation to the tsunami descriptions provided by the ESI-07 scale, and allows the full application of the proposed scale in paleoseismological studies. The analysis of the revised and updated tsunami environmental damage suggests that local intensities recorded in coastal areas do not correlate well with the TEE-16 intensity (normally higher), but shows a good correlation with the earthquake magnitude (Mw). Tsunamis generated by earthquakes can then be considered efficient processes in the direct transference of the “energy” released by offshore seismogenic sources to the nearest coastal areas, even over distances of hundreds of kilometres (>200km). This scale, as the previous ones, is independent of the earthquake type (i.e. style of faulting) and only focuses on the environmental effects triggered by tsunamis of seismic origin.en
dc.description.versionversión publicada
dc.identifier.doihttp://doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2016.14.2.6
dc.identifier.issn1695-6133
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/13162
dc.journal.issue2
dc.journal.titleGeologica Acta
dc.journal.volume14
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherUniversidad Politécnica de Barcelona
dc.relation.centerFacultad de Ciencias
dc.relation.departmentCiencias Analíticas
dc.relation.researchgroupGeología Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (GAMA)
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
dc.subject.keywordstsunamis
dc.subject.keywordstsunami intensity scale
dc.subject.keywordscoastal damage
dc.subject.keywordsenvironmental seismic intensity
dc.titleImproving the coastal record of tsunamis in the ESI-07 scale: Tsunami Environmental Effects Scale (TEE-16 scale)es
dc.typejournal articleen
dc.typeartículoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublication2f4b8f5c-b4e0-4ed9-a55b-3d876e694b19
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2f4b8f5c-b4e0-4ed9-a55b-3d876e694b19
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