Publicación: Sistema de refrigeración geotérmico para la mejora de la eficiencia de paneles solares fotovoltaicos
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2022
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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['Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España)', 'Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica']
Resumen
El sobrecalentamiento de los paneles solares durante su operación reduce significativamente su eficiencia. Así mismo, el resultante ciclado térmico es uno de los factores relacionados con la degradación del rendimiento de los paneles con el paso del tiempo. En este artículo se propone y valida experimentalmente un novedoso sistema de disipación de calor para paneles solares fotovoltaicos, utilizando el subsuelo como foco frío. Se ha diseñado, fabricado y ensayado en el exterior un prototipo de la tecnología (incluyendo un seguidor solar de un solo eje) durante el otoño de 2021 en España, bajo diferentes condiciones ambientales. El exceso de calor se extrae de la parte posterior del panel mediante un sistema de enfriamiento monofásico de circuito cerrado y luego se disipa en el subsuelo, que se encuentra a una temperatura constante de 15,7 °C en el lugar donde se realizaron las pruebas. Debido a la reducción de la temperatura del panel, su generación de energía neta aumenta significativamente. Se ha medido una mejora prometedora de la generación de energía neta del panel solar refrigerado de hasta un 8.1%, lo que demuestra la viabilidad técnica del enfoque, aún con condiciones climáticas típicamente otoñales. Además, se ha observado una dependencia de la ganancia de potencia con la temperatura ambiente, irradiancia y la velocidad del viento.
Overheating of solar modules during operation considerably reduces their efficiency, and the resulting thermal cycling is one of the factors related to the degradation of the performance of the modules over time. In this paper, a novel heat dissipation system for PV systems is proposed and experimentally validated, using the underground as a heat-sink. A prototype of the technology (including a single-axis solar tracker) has been designed, manufactured and tested outdoors during the fall of 2021 in Spain, under different environmental conditions. Excess heat is extracted from the back of the module by a closed-loop, single-phase cooling system and then dissipated into the underground, which sits at a constant temperature of 15.7°C at the test site. Due to the reduction in the panel’s temperature, its net power generation increases significantly. A promising improvement in net power generation from the cooled solar panel of up to 8.1% has been measured, demonstrating the technical feasibility of the technique, even for weather conditions typical of autumn. In addition, a dependence of the power gain on global radiation, ambient temperature and wind speed has been observed.
Overheating of solar modules during operation considerably reduces their efficiency, and the resulting thermal cycling is one of the factors related to the degradation of the performance of the modules over time. In this paper, a novel heat dissipation system for PV systems is proposed and experimentally validated, using the underground as a heat-sink. A prototype of the technology (including a single-axis solar tracker) has been designed, manufactured and tested outdoors during the fall of 2021 in Spain, under different environmental conditions. Excess heat is extracted from the back of the module by a closed-loop, single-phase cooling system and then dissipated into the underground, which sits at a constant temperature of 15.7°C at the test site. Due to the reduction in the panel’s temperature, its net power generation increases significantly. A promising improvement in net power generation from the cooled solar panel of up to 8.1% has been measured, demonstrating the technical feasibility of the technique, even for weather conditions typical of autumn. In addition, a dependence of the power gain on global radiation, ambient temperature and wind speed has been observed.
Descripción
Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
energía solar fotovoltaica, geotermia, eficiencia, refrigeración
Citación
Centro
E.T.S. de Ingenieros Industriales
Departamento
Mecánica