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Molecular biomarkers as tool for early warning by chlorpyrifos exposure on Alpine chironomids

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dc.contributor.authorMuñiz González, Ana Belén
dc.contributor.authorPaoli, Francesca
dc.contributor.authorMartínez Guitarte, José Luis
dc.contributor.authorLencioni, Valeria
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-11T08:18:01Z
dc.date.available2024-10-11T08:18:01Z
dc.date.issued2021-08-26
dc.description.abstractPesticides used in agriculture can be transported at a medium-high distance due to the drift effect, reaching even remote areas as mountain regions, glaciers, and snow cover. With the melting process, pesticides enter freshwater glacier ecosystems, becoming a threat to wildlife fauna, mainly dominated by Diptera Chironomidae. Chlorpyrifos (CPF), as one of the most commonly used pesticides in alpine vineyards and apple orchards, is frequently detected in icemelt waters. We selected as target species, larvae of the cold stenothermal chironomid Diamesa zernyi, collected in two glacier-fed streams (Presena and Amola) in the Italian Alps. Firstly, a de novo transcriptome was obtained, and secondly, a gene array was designed to study the molecular response of a wild population of D. zernyi exposed to three sub-lethal CPF concentrations corresponding to 1/100 LC10 (0.011 μg/ L), 1/10 LC10 (0.11 μg/L), and LC10 (1.1 μg/L), for 24 h. The sub-organismal response was evaluated by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), employing 40 genes related to essential metabolic routes as future candidates for biomarkers in wildlife chironomids. After 24 h, the endocrine system (E75, E93, EcR, and Met), detoxification response (GSTO3, GSTS1), and stress response (hsp75, hsp83, HYOU1) were altered. CPF seems to act as an endocrine disruptor and could lead to defective larval development, disrupted cellular homeostasis through heat shock proteins (HSPs) alteration (defective protein folding and mitochondrial functions), as well as oxidative damage (confirmed by increased GST expression). For the first time, molecular studies detected early alarm signals in wildlife in glacier environments. Our findings confirm the high environmental risk of CPF affecting aquatic insect metabolism and raise the level of concern about this pesticide in high altitude water bodies, generally considered pristine. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the incipient need to use non-model organisms for the evaluation of natural ecosystems. We also highlight the demand for research into new molecular biomarkers, and the importance of including molecular approaches in toxicology evaluations to detect the early adverse effects of pollutants.en
dc.description.versionversión publicada
dc.identifier.citationAna-Belén Muñiz-González, Francesca Paoli, José-Luis Martínez-Guitarte, Valeria Lencioni, Molecular biomarkers as tool for early warning by chlorpyrifos exposure on Alpine chironomids, Environmental Pollution, Volume 290, 2021, 118061, ISSN 0269-7491, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118061
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118061
dc.identifier.issn1873-6424
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/24013
dc.journal.titleEnvironmental Pollution
dc.journal.volume290
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.centerFacultades y escuelas::Facultad de Ciencias
dc.relation.departmentFísica Matemática y de Fluídos
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject24 Ciencias de la Vida
dc.subject.keywordschironomidsen
dc.subject.keywordsglacier-fed streamsen
dc.subject.keywordspesticidesen
dc.subject.keywordstranscriptomeen
dc.subject.keywordsmolecular biomarkersen
dc.subject.keywordsfreshwater pollutionen
dc.titleMolecular biomarkers as tool for early warning by chlorpyrifos exposure on Alpine chironomidsen
dc.typeartículoes
dc.typejournal articleen
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationa060ad9d-22bf-4c0e-8f5c-4146308d7839
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationa078395f-9ae2-4e6a-b18c-2549d07bdea9
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverya060ad9d-22bf-4c0e-8f5c-4146308d7839
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