Publication: Optimización de un método UHPLC para detección y cuantificación de heroína en muestras de alijos decomisados
Date
2022-07-12
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento de Ciencias Analíticas
Abstract
En los últimos años la demanda de análisis a los laboratorios de Toxicología forense por parte de la Administración de Justicia y de los centros de drogodependencia se ha incrementado notablemente, presentándose un escenario de necesidad constante de optimización, tanto de las técnicas de preparación de muestras, como las técnicas de determinación de las distintas drogas de abuso de tráfico ilícito. El objetivo es reducir tiempo, cantidad de muestra así como el coste del análisis, sin reducir la sensibilidad ni reproducibilidad del método analítico. La matrices en los alijos decomisados generalmente son muy simples, la propia droga en polvo, presada, liquida.., que no requiere más que una preparación de una disolución, con la cantidad debidamente tasada de sustancia, presuntamente fiscalizada, en el disolvente adecuado para la técnica de análisis. En raras ocasiones se reciben muestras incluidas en matrices complejas, tales como cauchos, gomas, alimentos…que hicieran necesario un complejo tratamiento de extracción del analito de la matriz. Los métodos de rutina usados en el INTCF para el análisis de las sustancias estupefacientes, basados en técnicas de cromatografía, son lo suficientemente sensibles como para detectar concentraciones de analitos del orden de ng e incluso pg. En este trabajo Fin de Master y su correspondiente proyecto de investigación se ha realizado la optimización del método de cuantificación de Heroína proveniente de alijos decomisados. Se ha reducido de manera considerable el tiempo de análisis, obteniendo una reducción de costes, y un uso racional de recursos materiales y humanos, que permite, además, la realización de un mayor número de análisis en el mismo tiempo que el método de partida, si fuera necesario.
The demand for analysis in forensic toxicology laboratories by the Justice Administration and drug addiction centres has increased significantly in recent years. Under this framework, an optimisation of both sample preparation techniques and techniques for determining the different illicitly trafficked drugs of abuse emerges as constant need. The aim is to reduce time, sample quantity and the cost of analysis, maintaining the sensitivity and reproducibility of the analytical method. The matrices in the seized shipments are generally very simple, the drug itself in powder, pressed, liquid, etc., which only requires the preparation of a solution, with a duly calculated quantity of the substance, presumably controlled, in the appropriate solvent for the analysis technique. Rarely, we receive samples included in complex matrices, such as rubbers, rubber, foodstuffs, etc., which would require a complex extraction treatment of the analyte from the matrix. Routine methods used for the analysis of narcotic substances at the INTCF, based on chromatographic techniques, are sufficiently sensitive to detect analyte concentrations in the order of ng or even pg. In this Master's Thesis and its corresponding research project, the method for the quantification of Heroin from confiscated caches has been optimised. The analysis time has been considerably reduced, obtaining a reduction in costs and a rational use of material and human resources. This also allows, if necessary, to carry out simultaneously a greater number of analyses in the same time interval as the initial method.
The demand for analysis in forensic toxicology laboratories by the Justice Administration and drug addiction centres has increased significantly in recent years. Under this framework, an optimisation of both sample preparation techniques and techniques for determining the different illicitly trafficked drugs of abuse emerges as constant need. The aim is to reduce time, sample quantity and the cost of analysis, maintaining the sensitivity and reproducibility of the analytical method. The matrices in the seized shipments are generally very simple, the drug itself in powder, pressed, liquid, etc., which only requires the preparation of a solution, with a duly calculated quantity of the substance, presumably controlled, in the appropriate solvent for the analysis technique. Rarely, we receive samples included in complex matrices, such as rubbers, rubber, foodstuffs, etc., which would require a complex extraction treatment of the analyte from the matrix. Routine methods used for the analysis of narcotic substances at the INTCF, based on chromatographic techniques, are sufficiently sensitive to detect analyte concentrations in the order of ng or even pg. In this Master's Thesis and its corresponding research project, the method for the quantification of Heroin from confiscated caches has been optimised. The analysis time has been considerably reduced, obtaining a reduction in costs and a rational use of material and human resources. This also allows, if necessary, to carry out simultaneously a greater number of analyses in the same time interval as the initial method.
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Facultades y escuelas::Facultad de Ciencias
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