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García Úbeda, Rocío

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2022 - 20242
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Autor: Ballesta, Antonio × Fecha de finalización: 2024 ×

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Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2
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    Publicación
    Neonatal inhibition of androgen activity alters the programming of body weight and orexinergic peptides differentially in male and female rats
    (Elsevier, 2024-02-13) Fernández García, José Manuel; Grassi, Daniela; Blanco, Noemí; Ballesta, Antonio; Arevalo, María de los Ángeles; Pino Osuna, María José; Carrillo Urbano, Beatriz; García Úbeda, Rocío; Primo Chulvi, Ulises; Collado Guirao, Paloma
    The involvement of androgens in the regulation of energy metabolism has been demonstrated. The main objective of the present research was to study the involvement of androgens in both the programming of energy metabolism and the regulatory peptides associated with feeding. For this purpose, androgen receptors and the main metabolic pathways of testosterone were inhibited during the first five days of postnatal life in male and female Wistar rats. Pups received a daily s.c. injection from the day of birth, postnatal day (P) 1, to P5 of Flu- tamide (a competitive inhibitor of androgen receptors), Letrozole (an aromatase inhibitor), Finasteride (a 5- alpha-reductase inhibitor) or vehicle. Body weight, food intake and fat pads were measured. Moreover, hypo- thalamic Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), orexin, and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. The inhibition of androgenic activity during the first five days of life produced a significant decrease in body weight in females at P90 but did not affect this parameter in males. Moreover, the inhibition of aromatase decreased hypothalamic AgRP mRNA levels in males while the inhibition of 5α-reductase decreased hypothalamic AgRP and orexin mRNA levels in female rats. Finally, food intake and visceral fat, but not subcutaneous fat, were affected in both males and females depending on which testosterone metabolic pathway was inhibited. Our results highlight the differential involvement of androgens in the programming of energy metabolism as well as the AgRP and orexin systems during development in male and female rats
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Prenatal Low-Protein and Low-Calorie Diets Differentially Alter Arcuate Nucleus Morphology in Newborn Male Rats
    (Frontiers Media, 2022-06) Blanco, Noemí; Fernández García, José Manuel; Carrillo Urbano, Beatriz; Ballesta, Antonio; García Úbeda, Rocío; Collado Guirao, Paloma; Pinos Sánchez, María Elena
    Background: Malnutrition during the early stages of development produces alterations that can compromise the functioning of the hypothalamic circuits that regulate food intake. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects that a low-protein and low-calorie diet has on the morphology of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus in newborn male and female rats. Methods: On gestational day 6 (G6), six pregnant rats were divided into two groups. One group was made up of three pregnant rats, which were fed ad libitum with a control diet (20% casein), and the other one was made up of three pregnant rats, which were fed ad libitum with a low-protein diet (8% casein) and 30% of a calorie-restricted diet. On the day of birth, pups were sacrificed, resulting in four experimental groups: control male, control female, low-protein and low-calorie diet male, and low-protein and low-calorie diet female (n = 5 in each group). The volume and number of neurons, together with the neuronal density and number of apoptotic cells, were measured. Results: Males on a low-protein and low-calorie diet showed a significant increase in the number of neurons and in the neuronal density of the ARC with regard to the rest of the groups studied. These increases were also reflected in the posterior part of the nucleus. Although the existence of sexual dimorphism was not detected in any of the parameters studied in the control groups, the number of neurons and neuronal density showed differences between males and females fed with a low-protein and low-calorie diets due to the increase in the number of neurons shown by the male. No significant differences were found in the number of apoptotic cells. Conclusion: Our results show that a low-protein and low-calorie diet during the prenatal stage produces alterations in the ARC of the hypothalamus in newborn animals and, more importantly, that the effects of malnutrition are evident in males but not in females. Therefore, it is essential to follow a balanced diet during the early stages of life to ensure optimal development of the neural circuits that regulate eating.