Persona: González Esteban, Ángel Luis
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0000-0002-8942-3338
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González Esteban
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Ángel Luis
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Publicación Past and present of Land Reform in Cuba (1959-2018): from Peasant Collectivisation to Repeasantisation and beyond(Cambridge University Press, 2021-06-14) Elisa Botella-Rodríguez; González Esteban, Ángel Luis; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4822Cuba seems to be a paradigmatic case where the peasantry is not an anachronism. Cuban peasants had a significant role in the past as they did return to the political agenda after the Revolution with particular emphasis under Raul Castro’s administration. However, the Cuban case has not been significantly explored from a long-term perspective that connects the old debates and dimensions of land reforms under developmentalist States to the new agrarian questions in the global era. Based on secondary sources, semi-structured interviews and updated data on land structures this article explores the long-term process of land reform in Cuba.Publicación Twists and Turns of Land Reform in Latin America: from Predatory to Intermediate States?(Wiley, 2021-04-14) Botella Rodríguez, Elisa; González Esteban, Ángel Luis; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4822Land reform has significantly evolved over time in Latin America. In the early decades of the 20th century, the ‘agrarian question’ involved different national paths of agrarian capitalism and their contributions to industrialization. Later in the century, agriculture played a secondary role, while market-led reforms were implemented from the early 1990s in the region. The agrarian question is now related to a new range of global and national inequalities, whereas the land problem remains unresolved. This paper deals with the role of the state and social dynamics in understanding the twists and turns of Latin America's land reforms from the 1900s to the Global Era.Publicación Occupational mobility and biological well-being: A perspective over three generations in rural Spain, 1835–1959(Elsevier, 2024-02) Marco-Gracia, Francisco J. ; González Esteban, Ángel Luis; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8150-9823This article analyses the effects of occupational mobility on biological well-being from a long-term perspective. While it is well known that occupation and heights were closely related in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, our analysis shows that variations in the occupational status of parents and social mobility relative to grandparents also help to explain the evolution of biological well-being in subsequent generations. Drawing on data on height and socio-economic status for almost 4000 individuals born between 1835 and 1959, this paper analyzes the effects of occupational changes on statures over three generations in a period when opportunities for access to land improved in rural Spain. Our results indicate that (1): there was a strong positive relationship between fathers' occupational status and children's biological well-being; (2) improvements in the parental socioeconomic status had a rapid impact on the height of the male children if this improvement occurred during the period when the sons were growing up, and (3) the social mobility of parents in relation to grandparents also had a noticeable effect on the height of their children.Publicación Did parental care in early life affect height? Evidence from rural Spain (19th-20th centuries)(Elsevier, 2021-10) Marco Gracia, Francisco J.; González Esteban, Ángel Luis; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8150-9823This article examines the relationship between childhood mortality experienced within families and the height of surviving male children. Sibling mortality, controlled by different socioeconomic and environmental variables, is used as an approximation of the hygienic and epidemiological context and practices within the family. The analysis is based on a sample of 2783 individuals born between 1835 and 1977 in 14 villages in north-eastern Spain. The mortality data were obtained from the parish archives of the reference villages, and the height data from military service records of conscriptions at 21 years of age. The data were linked according to nominative criteria using family reconstitution methods. The results suggest the existence of a strong negative relationship between height and the childhood mortality experienced within families. Children born in families in which 50% of the children died before the age of five were up to 2.3 cm shorter than those of families with childhood mortality of less than 25%. General socioeconomic, hygienic and health improvements reduced childhood mortality, causing this link to gradually disappear between the 1940s and 1970s.Publicación The End of the Wheat Problem? The Functioning and Evolution of the World Wheat Market, 1939-2010(Asociación Española de Historia Económica, 2023-02-01) González Esteban, Ángel LuisThe outlook for the world wheat economy immediately before the Second World War was not very encouraging. Trade and prices had plummeted during the 1930s and many interventionist measures had been under-taken worldwide in order to deal with the so called “wheat problem”. However, the world wheat trade in 2010 was almost ten times greater than it was in the postwar years and the signs of market disintegration had disappeared. This paper analyses the reasons behind the extraordinary expansion of the world wheat trade between 1939 and 2010, explores the main changes in the distribution of wheat exchanges and offers an informed explanation of those transformations. The discussion focuses on supply and demand variables, including institutional variables such as national agricultural policies, international agreements and the changing international context.Publicación The agricultural productivity gap: a global vision(Taylor and Francis Group, 2022-06-20) González Esteban, Ángel Luis; Botella Rodríguez, Elisa; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4822Productivity in agriculture tends to grow slower than in other sectors. This is a stylized fact that has resulted in a persistent productivity gap, generalized over time and across countries. This paper explores the evolution of this gap from an international perspective, identifying patterns in both developed and developing countries. Empirical regularities are discussed in the light of a literature review on the causes of the gap and its socio-economic effects. Reflections on the nature of the productivity gap often merge with considerations on its social implications and on the policies that should be implemented to deal with it. We refer to this wider political economy issue as the ‘farm problem’, and argue that it has not been given a satisfactory solution, neither in rich nor in developing countries. Although in some industrialized countries the discharging of the countryside has acted as a major source of convergence, there has not been a general reduction in the productivity gap between agriculture and the rest of the economy worldwide, nor are there compelling reasons to assume that this will happen in the future.Publicación The determinants of world wheat trade, 1963-2010: A gravity equation approach(Sociedad Española de Historia Agraria, SEHA, 2021-04) González Esteban, Ángel LuisThe international configuration of the world wheat trade has undergone significant transformations over the past fifty years. The volume of total wheat trade has Increased fivefold, new exporting leaders have appeared and a large import market has emerged in less developed countries.The aim of this paper is to identify the main drivers of those changing patterns. For that purpose, we estimated a gravity equation based on data for bilateral trade flows. Information on the wheat trade was obtained from the UN-COMTRADE database (2014).We also accessed other sources to include explanatory variables such as gross domestic product (GDP) of the exporting and importing countries, GDP per capita, wheat production, different measures of cultural distance and proximity, current trade agreements, etc.The results are discussed and interpreted using a cliometric approach.