Persona: Martín Folgar, Raquel
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Martín Folgar
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Raquel
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Publicación Effect of environmental stressors on the mRNA expression of ecdysone cascade genes in Chironomus riparius(Springer, 2021-09-13) Fuente Rubio, Mercedes de la; Martín Folgar, Raquel; Martínez Paz, Pedro; Cortés Rubio, María Estrella del Perpetuo; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Morales Camarzana, Consolación Mónica; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5772-8153Chemical compounds produced by humans are continuously reaching the environment. In this work, we characterised the expression patterns of important endocrine-related genes involved in the ecdysone pathway in the fourth larval instar of the model species Chironomus riparius after exposure to three chemicals: ethinyl oestradiol (EE), nonylphenol (NP) and bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO). We used real-time PCR to analyse the gene expression levels of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp), two genes that encode the dimerising partners of the functional ecdysone receptor; the orphan receptor ERR (oestrogen-related receptor), with an unknown function in invertebrates; and E74, an early response gene induced by ecdysteroids. We estimated the bioaccumulation potential, bioavailability and physicochemical properties of these chemicals, together with a number of other exogenous agents known to interfere with the hormonal system. We also provide a review of previous transcriptional studies showing the effect of all these chemicals on ecdysone cascade genes. This analysis provides useful data for future ecotoxicological studies involving invertebrate species.Publicación BPA and its analogues (BPS and BPF) modify the expression of genes involved in the endocrine pathway and apoptosis and a multi drug resistance gene of the aquatic midge Chironomus riparius (Diptera)(Elsevier, 2020-05-24) Morales Camarzana, Consolación Mónica; Fuente Rubio, Mercedes de la; Martín Folgar, RaquelMany countries are limiting the use of bisphenol A (BPA) because evidence shows it is dangerous to human health and wildlife. For the manufacturing of polycarbonate plastics, bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) are proposed as safer alternatives. They have already been released into the aquatic environment without previously available information about their potential adverse effects. In this study, we compared the effects of BPA, BPS and BPF exposure to the expression profile of genes involved in the endocrine pathway (EcR and E74), ecdysone metabolism (Cyp18a1 and Shadow), apoptosis (DRONC) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 gene (MRP1) in the midge, Chironomus riparius (Diptera). The three toxicants increased Shadow expression, which is involved in ecdysone synthesis, but only BPF significantly altered Cyp18a1, which is implicated in ecdysone degradation. BPS and BPF modified EcR and E74 expression; BPF upregulated the effector caspase DRONC. Furthermore, BPA significantly increased MRP1 expression. This study provides insights into the action of bisphenols at the molecular level and highlights the potential risks of BPS and BPF as BPA alternatives.