Persona: Labeaga Azcona, José María
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Labeaga Azcona
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José María
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Publicación The impacts of energy efficiency policies: Meta-analysis(ELSEVIER, 2020) Labandeira, Xavier; Labeaga Azcona, José María; Linares, Pedro; López Otero, Xiral; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-1937; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9952-9670This paper attempts to quantitatively summarize the existing empirical evidence on the effects of energy efficiency policies on energy demand and on the price of associated durable goods, as well as to identify the main factors that systematically affect the estimated impacts. To this end, a meta-regression analysis of the effects of energy efficiency policies is carried out on the basis of an extensive review of the existing literature, selecting those studies that analyze the impact of energy efficiency policies with respect to a business-as-usual setting. Taking into account the econometric problems associated with this type of analysis (intra-class correlation, cross-sectional dependence, publication bias) in pursuit of robust outcomes, the results show that the studies analyzing the effects of energy efficiency policies estimate a significant impact of these policies on energy demand [-10.5%; −8.8%] and the price of related durable goods [7%; 9.6%]. The main factors that influence results are the policy instrument, the targeted sector, the type of country, the analyzed period, the consideration of free-riders, and the type of analysis, data and publication (energy demand); and the sector and analyzed period (price of durables)Publicación Major Reforms in Electricity Pricing: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment(Oxford University Press, 2021) Labandeira, Xavier; Labeaga Azcona, José María; Teixidó, Jordi J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-058X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-388XThe global energy mix and the cost structure of the power industry are experiencing a redefinition. Many countries are revamping electricity-pricing systems to guarantee fixed-cost recovery, often by raising the fixed charge of two-part tariff schemes. However, a key assumption of two-part tariff schemes and associated fixed cost recoveries is that consumers discriminate fixed from marginal costs. We conduct a quasi-experiment with data from a major electricity price reformrecently implemented in Spain and find robust evidence indicating that consumers fail to distinguish between fixed and marginal costs. As a result, policymakers are not achieving the goal of cost recoveryPublicación Discrete-continuous models of residential energy demand: A comprehensive review(ELSEVIER, 2024) Hanemann, W. Michael; Labandeira, Xavier; Labeaga Azcona, José María; Vásquez-Lavín, Felipe A.; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-058X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0767-998XThis paper reviews forty years of research applying econometric models of discrete-continuous choice to analyze residential demand for energy. The review is primarily from the perspective of economic theory. We examine how well the utility-theoretic models developed in the literature match data that is commonly available on residential energy use, and we highlight the modeling challenges that have arisen through efforts to match theory with data. The literature contains two different formalizations of a corner solution. The first, by Dubin and McFadden (1984) and Hanemann (1984), models an extreme corner solution, in which only one of the discrete choice alternatives is chosen. While those papers share similarities, they also have some differences which have not been noticed or exposited in the literature. Subsequently, a formulation first implemented by Wales and Woodland (1983) and extended by Kim et al. (2002) and Bhat (2008) models a general corner solution, where several but not all of the discrete choice alternatives are chosen. Seventeen papers have employed one or another of these models to analyze residential demand for fuels and/or energy end uses in a variety of countries. We review issues that arose in these applications and identify some alternative model formulations that can be used in future work on residential energy demand.Publicación Energy taxation, subsidy removal and poverty in Mexico(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Labeaga Azcona, José María; Labandeira, Xavier; López Otero, Xiral; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-058X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9952-9670Equity and efficiency are crucial issues behind any tax reform, but they are particularly relevant in countries with high inequality and large shares of poverty. This paper provides a comprehensive socio-economic empirical assessment of Mexico's proposed (and partially implemented) tax reforms in the energy domain, and of a hypothetical partial removal of existing electricity subsidies. Using a rich household income and expenditure survey within the context of a demand system adjustment of non-durable goods, the article provides the public-revenue, environmental and distributional impacts from the simulation of different combinations of energy taxation, subsidy-removal and distributive offsets. The paper also provides detailed ex-ante evidence on the effects of compensatory devices that may contribute to the successful implementation of energy reform packages and significant poverty alleviation in Mexico.Publicación Carbon Leakage from Fuel Taxes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment(Springer, 2024) Jordi J. Teixidó; Palencia González, Francisco Javier; Labeaga Azcona, José María; Labandeira, Xavier; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-388X; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2960-8565; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-058XWe exploit a fuel tax increase in Portugal to identify its effect on cross-border fuel sales and associated carbon leakage in the Spanish border regions. Using a difference-in-difference strategy, we find that while gasoline sales remained unaffected, diesel sales in Spanish border regions increased by 6–9%. Synthetic control methods confirm these estimates and attribute this differential effect by fuel type to routes frequented by heavy-duty vehicles, with large diesel tanks. We estimate a carbon leakage equivalent to 14–20% of Portugal’s annual mitigation commitment for road transport emissions. Our findings imply that heavy goods vehicles’ strategic behavior undermines the potential mitigation effects and revenue gains of transport climate policy, underscoring the need for coordinated policies in similar federal or quasi-federal contexts.