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San Martín González, Enrique

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0000-0002-0429-4734
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San Martín González
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Enrique
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2011 - 201912020 - 20256
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Mostrando 1 - 7 de 7
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    Un análisis económico de los trasvases de agua intercuencas : el trasvase Tajo-Segura
    (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Departamento de Economía Aplicada e Historia Económica, 2011-03-15) San Martín González, Enrique; Pérez Zabaleta, Amelia
    Los trasvases intercuencas hacia el Levante español son el exponente máximo de la política hidráulica tradicional imperante en España durante todo el siglo XX; política basada, casi exclusivamente, en la construcción de infraestructuras hidráulicas para aumentar la disponibilidad de agua, especialmente para el regadío. Por tanto, a pesar de que la sociedad española ha cambiado de forma significativa a lo largo del último siglo, los objetivos y las medidas de la política hidráulica regeneracionista de finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX han permanecido esencialmente intactos hasta el siglo XXI. En consecuencia, es necesario replantearse la idoneidad de los trasvases intercuencas como instrumentos de la política del agua española del siglo XXI, ya que los retos a los que se enfrenta la gestión del agua en este siglo son radicalmente diferentes de los existentes a principios del siglo pasado. Un punto clave para realizar esta tarea consiste en evaluar la rentabilidad económica de los trasvases intercuencas, objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral. En España, la rentabilidad económica de las infraestructuras hidráulicas en general, y de los trasvases intercuencas en particular, ha sido considerada tradicionalmente como obvia e incuestionable, por lo que hay pocos análisis económicos al respecto, siendo la mayoría de los existentes análisis ex ante cuya validez no se comprobaba ex post tras la entrada en funcionamiento de la infraestructura. Por tanto, cuando se aprobó la Directiva Marco de Agua en el año 2000, que incluía, como una de sus grandes novedades, la realización de análisis económicos de la gestión del agua, el bagaje español a la hora de evaluar la rentabilidad económica de los trasvases intercuencas era muy escaso a pesar de que el trasvase Tajo- Segura, el más importante del país, llevaba ya veinte años en funcionamiento.
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    Determinants of rooftop solar uptake: A comparative analysis of the residential and non-residential sectors in the Basque Country (Spain)
    (Elsevier, 2024-07-11) San Martín González, Enrique; Elizalde, Patxi; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6715-954X
    Rooftop solar, both in the residential and the non-residential sector, is emerging rapidly as a popular source of clean electricity. Together with utility-scale photovoltaics, its future growth is essential to achieve decarbonization targets. Therefore, understanding adoption determinants for firms and households is key to efficiently promoting its diffusion. There is a gap, however, in the knowledge of non-residential adoption determinants, as less attention has been given to this sector compared to the residential sector. As a result of this gap, there is an absence of comparative analysis across sectors. As determinants of adoption cannot be assumed to be the same in both sectors, the objective of this research is threefold. First, to analyze whether the residential and non-residential sectors share key determinants of rooftop solar investment; second, to compare the sectoral differences in these determinants; and third, to assess the policy implications of the results obtained to further promote distributed solar photovoltaic energy. For this purpose, a regional case study in the Basque Country (Spain) was conducted, applying key theoretical frameworks to both sectors in a way that maximized the comparability of the results obtained across them. The results showed that adoption determinants are very different across sectors and, therefore, sector-specific policy actions need to be taken in each sector to efficiently promote rooftop solar. For the residential sector, policy actions could build upon behavioral aspects; for the non-residential sector, economic incentives are expected to be more successful, especially among medium size businesses, which are identified as the most promising segment
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    Depopulation determinants of small rural municipalities in the Valencia Region (Spain)
    (Elsevier, 2024-08-14) San Martín González, Enrique; Soler Vayá, Federico; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-3165
    The depopulation of rural areas is a global problem that is particularly serious in Europe and in large areas of Spain, such as the interior of the Valencia Region. Despite the consensus in the diagnosis of the problem, there is still a debate about the policies and measures to solve it. For this reason, in order to help policymakers, this work carries out an analysis of the determinants that have contributed to the population growth of small rural municipalities in the Valencia Region. The analysis includes variables that have not been used in previous research, such as cultural heritage, cycling and walking routes, organic farming or renewable energy. Among the variables that contribute to the fight against depopulation, in addition to basic public services (education and health), there are variables from the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors. There are therefore activities and resources to try to diversify the economic activity to revitalise small rural municipalities.
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    Impacto de la metodología Leader en el turismo rural. Una propuesta de análisis cuantitativo
    (Universidad de Alicante, 2023-01-19) Soler Vayá, Federico; San Martín González, Enrique; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-3165
    La apuesta de las instituciones públicas por el turismo para el desarrollo de las zonas rurales en España ha sido constante desde la puesta en marcha de la metodología Leader en 1991, convirtiéndose en la actividad económica a la que más recursos se han destinado. Sin embargo, tras más de treinta años de inversiones, son escasos los estudios que han valorado si estas han tenido algún efecto en los municipios en las que se han aplicado. Por ello, en este artículo se propone un análisis cuantitativo del turismo rural, entre el período 2006 y 2019, para determinar el impacto de los programas implementados mediante esta metodología Leader. Dado que dichos programas se aplican localmente, el análisis se ha realizado a escala local. Este nivel de análisis presenta muchas dificultades debido a la escasez y mala calidad de los datos existentes. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren una relación positiva entre las pernoctaciones rurales y la participación en los programas de desarrollo rural realizados bajo la metodología Leader.
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    The European Union and the Good Governance of Energy Resources: Practicing What It Preaches?
    (Elsevier, 2020) Escribano Francés, Gonzalo; Paredes Gázquez, Juan Diego; San Martín González, Enrique
    The good governance of energy resources and its role in the development of oil and gas producing countries is an area of growing interest in the global agenda. The European Union (EU), as an actor that has the double condition of being a major importer of oil and gas as well as a so-called “normative power”, promotes the development of resource governance standards in the Global South. This article analyzes the role of the EU in improving the governance of energy resources, not only from an institutional perspective but also regarding the practical implications that such a normative approach has on European oil and gas import patterns. The paper explores whether EU’s oil and gas imports have been affected by the policies of improving transparency and good resource governance in the oil and gas extractive sector, or if these policies have been ineffective in shaping their geographical origin. It tries to address empirically the link between the level of resource governance in oil and gas exporting countries and the EU’s oil and gas geographical import pattern.
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    Turmoil in the Chilean electricity sector: A failed attempt at using advanced contracts for differences to support the energy transition?
    (Elsevier, 2025-01-03) Ansede Ferreiro, Jesús; San Martín González, Enrique
    The Chilean electricity market is at a critical moment. Some renewable energy generators that signed regulated power purchase agreements with distribution companies are experiencing financial distress. Generators assume locational basis risk under these contracts, which can be considered advanced contracts for differences. As price decoupling appeared in the network, some generators filed for bankruptcy. The Chilean government is studying measures to weather the storm, and an expert panel has been set up to assess them. The European Union is betting on advanced contracts for differences, but the Chilean empirical evidence calls for caution when adjusting plain contracts for differences.
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    What is behind the gender gap in economics distance education: Age, work-life balance andCOVID-19
    (Public Library of Science, 2022-08-08) Castellanos Serrano, Cristina; Escribano Francés, Gonzalo; Paredes Gázquez, Juan Diego; San Martín González, Enrique; Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Transferencia del Conocimiento y Difusión Científica. UNED; Departamento de Economía Aplicada. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. UNED
    There is an ongoing debate about whether gender equality in education has been achieved or not. Research efforts have focused on primary and secondary education, while there are fewer studies on higher education, and few studies refer to distance education. To contribute to address this gap, this article presents a gender analysis of educational outcomes in economics at Spain’s leading distance university, UNED, which is also the largest university in the European Union in terms of enrolment. The aim of the article is to assess whether there is a gender gap in academic results and to identify the sociodemographic and academic variables that may be causing such a gap by analysing how they shape such differences. Finally, the impact of COVID-19 is also considered. The results confirm that women underperformed significantly in our sample in terms of passing and scoring, especially among those between 30 and 45 years of age, who are more likely to have young children. When considering a distribution of family tasks biased against women, along with the higher average age of distance learning university students, gender gaps could probably be greater in nonface-to-face education. COVID-19 narrowed the gender gap during the lockdown period, as some men and women staying at home together were able to improve task sharing capabilities. After the lockdown, however, women’s results worsened compared to pre-COVID-19 levels. A possible explanation is that they had to continue performing the same family duties in addition to substituting education and caring services (e.g., nurseries and day centres for the elderly) that did not resume activity immediately or continuously.