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Lario Gómez, Javier

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  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    The importance of coastal geomorphological setting as a controlling factor on microtextural signatures of the 2010 Maule (Chile) tsunami deposit
    (Universidad Politécnica de Barcelona, 2019) Costa, Pedro J.M.; Rasteiro da Silva, D.; Figueirinhas, Leonor; Lario Gómez, Javier
    Quartz grains collected from Arauco and Mataquito (central Chile) after the 2010 Maule tsunami presented an overwhelming dominance of dissolution textures. The analysis of superficial imprints proved that some grains were mechanically impacted before deposition. However, the percentage of grains with fresh surfaces and percussion marks was significantly lower than average values from other tsunami deposits elsewhere in the world. In this work, we discuss the reasons for such results in the context of the geomorphological setting of the areas analyzed and its influence on the microtextural signatures observed. The data presented in this study evidences a geographic dependence in the type of microtextures in the areas analyzed. For example, in Arauco the abundance of dissolution textures decreases rapidly towards the center of the embayment and increases towards the rocky headlands of its westernmost sector. By contrast, an increase of mechanical marks (e.g. fresh surfaces) is observed in the central region of the Arauco’s embayment. Similarly, in Mataquito, dissolution features are more abundant in the headlands or small capes, while there is a higher presence of mechanical marks in sandy embayments. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of the geomorphological context as a controlling factor in the intensity of mechanical imprints on the surface of quartz grains transported by tsunamis and deposited in the inner shelf and coastal areas. Therefore, our results suggest that without a detailed geomorphological contextualization microtextural discrimination can lead to misleading interpretations. Hence, there is a need for more microtextural analysis on tsunami deposits in order to assess the variability in the geographic distribution and intensity of microtextures imprinted on the surface of quartz grains deposited during a tsunami event.
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    Climate change impacts on coastal areas
    (Asociación Española para la Enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Tierra, AEPECT, 2009) Bardají, Teresa; Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Cabero, Ana; Dabrio, Cristino José; Goy Goy, José Luis; Silva, Pablo Gabriel; Lario Gómez, Javier; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-8077
    El litoral es uno de los medios naturales más transformados por la actividad antrópica, ya sea directa o indirectamente. El 40% de la población mundial vive en la franja costera (un 44% en España), por lo que cualquier alteración del medio natural se convierte en un gran riesgo. Desde la segunda mitad del s.XX, el balance sedimentario ha ido presentando, en general, una tendencia progresivamente negativa debido a actividades humanas, incrementándose los problemas relacionados con la erosión y retroceso costero, a menudo confundidos con una subida del nivel del mar. En los últimos años existe una creciente tendencia a dramatizar sobre el futuro de nuestro litoral, no solo español sino global, a punto de desaparecer por la subida generalizada del nivel del mar que va a arrasar gran parte de los terrenos costeros. Nuestro litoral está enfermo pero para poder entender cuál es el peligro real frente al cambio climático, es necesario entender bien cuál es la problemática concreta de cada sector, es decir cómo es el balance sedimentario real, cuáles son las causas de los posibles desequilibrios, cuál ha sido la tendencia del nivel del mar en un pasado cercano, y sobre todo saber si un determinado sector podría o no adaptarse de forma natural a una subida del nivel del mar, etc. Es decir, tenemos que conocer antes que juzgar.
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    Estudio hidrogeoquímico del sistema kárstico de la Cueva de Tito Bustillo (Ribadesella, Asturias)
    (Sociedad Geológica de España, 2004) Sánchez Moral, Sergio; Cañaveras, Juan Carlos; Cuezva, Soledad; Soler, V.; Lario Gómez, Javier
    Geochemical characteristics of karstic water in Tito Bustil/o Cave are the result of two main types of recharge: authigenic recharge via percolating and infi/trating water through conduits and fractu­res, and allogenic-authigenic recharge vía San Miguel river that sinks (Gorgocera ponor) into the karst system. The chemical composition of San Miguel river reflects that its drainage basin is loca­ted both on siliceous (shale and sandstones) and calcareous lithologies; likewise, the influence of tides is a/so present. By means of geochemistry modelling it has been proven that water chemical composition in the area of Tito Bustillo cave reflect a double influence: (1) 60% of discharge of groundwater by mean of springs and (2) 40% of water coming from the headstream.
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    The Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of Cadiz as a natural laboratory for paleotsunami research: Recent advancements
    (Elsevier, 2021) Martini, Paolo Marco de; Bruins, H. J.; Feist, Lisa; Goodman Tchernov, Beverly N.; Hadler, H.; Mastronuzzi, G.; Obrocki, L.; Pantosti, Daniela; Paris, Raphaël; Reicherter, Klaus R.; Smedile, A.; Vött, A.; Lario Gómez, Javier
    After the 2004 Indian Ocean (IOT) and the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunamis, new research in tsunami-related fields was strongly stimulated worldwide and also in the Mediterranean. This research growth yields substantial advancements in tsunami knowledge. Among these advancements is the “Paleotsunami” research that has marked particular progress on the reconstruction of the tsunami history of a region. As an integration of the historical documentation available in the Mediterranean and the Gulf of Cadiz areas, geological and geoarchaeological records provide the insights to define the occurrence, characteristics, and impact of tsunamis of the past. Here, we present the recent advancements done for both the onshore and offshore realms. As for the onshore, we discuss case studies dealing with recent high-resolution works based on: a) direct push in situ sensing techniques, applied to identification and characterization of typical paleotsunami deposits features; b) combined XRF-X-CT approach, implemented for the identification of fine-scale sedimentary structures useful for the definition of the causative flow dynamics; c) the geoarchaeological “new field” contribution, with the development of specific diagnostic criteria in search for tsunami impact traces in archaeological strata; d) comparison of multiple dating methods and of different modeling codes for the definition of the potential source for the displacement of boulders of exceptional dimension, identified by 3D size calculation. As for the offshore advancements, we present case studies focusing on the recognition of tsunami deposits and their sedimentary traces in the geological record from the nearshore, thanks to diver-operated coring equipment, down to the continental slope, by means of vibracorer and long gravity core sampling in deeper areas. The examples provided show a multiproxy approach with a high potential of retrieving a complete record of paleotsunami traces at least during the Holocene. This is based on the combination of multidisciplinary approaches including X-ray imaging, high-resolution measurement of physical properties, Xray fluorescence data, grain-size analysis, micropaleontology, palynological content, isotopic and optically stimulated luminescence dating methods.
  • Miniatura
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    La Cueva del Boquerón
    (TIASA, 1997) Lario Gómez, Javier
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    Abrupt environmental changes during the last glacial cycle in Western Mediterranean (Formentera Island, Balearic archipelago, Spain)
    (Elsevier, 2022) Bardají, Teresa; Roquero García-Casal, Elvira; Cabero del Río, Ana; Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Goy Goy, José Luis; Dabrio, Cristino José; Machado, María J.; Silva, Pablo Gabriel; Martínez Graña, Antonio Miguel; Lario Gómez, Javier; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-8077
    A sedimentary sequence covering the entire last glacial cycle (period between Terminations I and II) outcrops along the south-eastern coast of Formentera Island. A detailed geomorphological, geological and sedimentological study, supported by geochemical, soil and soil-morphology analyses, magnetic susceptibility, phytolite content and luminescence dating (TL, OSL) allowed to reconstruct the environmental evolution of this coastal setting, and to frame it within the evolutionary pattern of the North Atlantic climate variability. Three highstands of sea level are identified in this island for MIS 5e, and a fourth one is attributed to MIS5a. MIS5 – MIS4 transition is characterized by soil development under a moist-warm climate and a descending sea level scenario. Aeolian units (72 ± 7 ka BP) developed during MIS4 under prevailing northerly winds that persisted until the beginning of MIS3, when new aeolian dunes (54 ± 5 ka BP) developed after a major sea-level lowstand. A sudden shift in prevailing winds occur within MIS3, when aeolian units (51 ± 4 ka BP) grew under the influence of S-SW winds and moister climate, evidenced by a dense root bioturbation. The greater influence of northerly winds is attributed to the weakening of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Current (AMOC) in North Atlantic, and enhancement of westerlies in NW Europe during colder periods. Periods of prevailing southerly winds and moister climate correlate well with warm Greenland Interstadials, and reinforcement of AMOC. Between 50 and 40ka, alluvial/colluvial sedimentary units punctuated by soil and calcrete development, witness the climatic variability recorded along this period in the North Atlantic. A sedimentary hiatus with erosion and calcrete development characterizes the transit between MIS3 and MIS2. Finally, a reddish alluvial sedimentary unit records a short span of humid and warm climate (soil development, peak in magnetic susceptibility, phytolite content) within MIS 2 (20 ± 2 ka BP – 17 + 2.4/-2.2) that contrast with the general climatic trend recorded in Western Mediterranean during the Last Glacial Maximum.
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    Improving the coastal record of tsunamis in the ESI-07 scale: Tsunami Environmental Effects Scale (TEE-16 scale)
    (Universidad Politécnica de Barcelona, 2016-06) Bardají, Teresa; Silva, Pablo Gabriel; Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Goy Goy, José Luis; Lario Gómez, Javier; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-8077
    This paper discusses possibilities to improve the Environmental Seismic Intensity Scale (ESI-07 scale), a scale based on the effects of earthquakes in the environment. This scale comprises twelve intensity degrees and considers primary and secondary effects, one of them the occurrence of tsunamis. Terminology and physical tsunami parameters corresponding to different intensity levels are often misleading and confusing. The present work proposes: i) a revised and updated catalogue of environmental and geological effects of tsunamis, gathering all the available information on Tsunami Environmental Effects (TEEs) produced by recent earthquake-tsunamis; ii) a specific intensity scale (TEE-16) for the effects of tsunamis in the natural environment at coastal areas. The proposed scale could be used in future tsunami events and, in historic and paleo-tsunami studies. The new TEE- 16 scale incorporates the size specific parameters already considered in the ESI-07 scale, such as wave height, run-up and inland extension of inundation, and a comprehensive and more accurate terminology that covers all the different intensity levels identifiable in the geological record (intensities VI-XII). The TEE-16 scale integrates the description and quantification of the potential sedimentary and erosional features (beach scours, transported boulders and classical tsunamites) derived from different tsunami events at diverse coastal environments (e.g. beaches, estuaries, rocky cliffs,). This new approach represents an innovative advance in relation to the tsunami descriptions provided by the ESI-07 scale, and allows the full application of the proposed scale in paleoseismological studies. The analysis of the revised and updated tsunami environmental damage suggests that local intensities recorded in coastal areas do not correlate well with the TEE-16 intensity (normally higher), but shows a good correlation with the earthquake magnitude (Mw). Tsunamis generated by earthquakes can then be considered efficient processes in the direct transference of the “energy” released by offshore seismogenic sources to the nearest coastal areas, even over distances of hundreds of kilometres (>200km). This scale, as the previous ones, is independent of the earthquake type (i.e. style of faulting) and only focuses on the environmental effects triggered by tsunamis of seismic origin.
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    Los Episodios marinos cuaternarios de la costa de Málaga (España)
    (Sociedad Geológica de España, 1993) Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Goy Goy, José Luis; Hoyos Gómez, Manuel; Silva, Pablo Gabriel; Hernández Molina, Francisco Javier; Somoza, L.; Lario Gómez, Javier
    La secuencia de antiguas posiciones del nivel del mar durante el Cuaternario, está representada en la costa de Málaga por ocho paleolineas de costa de las que existen registros morfológicos y/o sedimentológicos, distribuidos entre las cotas de O a + 73 m Dos de estos episodios marinos contienen fauna cálida con Strombus bubonius. La correlación de estos niveles marinos con los que se observan en la costa de Almería, en donde las altas paradas del nivel del inar cuaternario son bien conocidas y datadas por diferentes métodos, sugiere la presencia en la costa de Málaga de dos episodios del Pleistoceno inferior ( + 73 m y +55 m) y tres en el Pleistoceno medio ( +26 m, + 18 m y + 12 m), el más reciente de estos perteneciente al ciclo Tirreniense. El Ultimo Interglacial estaría representado por dos niveles que contienen S. bubonius (Tirreniense II y III). Restos de socaves y cordones litorales por encima del cero actual son los testigos del máximo Holoceno (Flandriense). La actividad de los accidentes tectónicos ENE-WSW, Nl0°-20°E y N120°-l50°E durante los últimos 200.000 años controla la distribución geométrica y espacial de los episodios marinos del Ultimo Interglacial, la altimetría de sus máximos transgresivos y el trazado de la costa actual.
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    Changes in littoral dynamics and sea level in southern Iberia and Canary Istands during the Holocene.
    (Sociedad Geológica de España, 1996) Zazo Cardeña, Caridad; Dabrio, Cristino José; Goy Goy, José Luis; Bardají, Teresa; Ghaleb, B.; Lario Gómez, Javier; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-8077
    The interaction between global factors tglobal" glacio-eustatic sea-leve/ rise) and regional factors (tectonic trend, oceanographic factor) is analyzed in different areas of the lberian and Canary lsland littora/. Sea-leve/ changes and climatic variations are stated for the Mediterranean and Atlantic littora/s, with different tidal ranges and tectonic trends. Different stages can be envisaged in the coastal evolution of a/most ali the analyzed areas from the beginning of Holocene (10.000 BP): at ca. 7.000 BP (Flandrian maximum) with a change from open estuaries to aggradational processes (Cádiz Gulf, subsiding area), basal peat (Valencia Gulf, subsiding area) and development of microcliffs (Mediterranean uplifting areas). From 7,000 to 2,700 BP a first progradation phase with development of spit bars took place in the mediterranean uplifting areas, whilst in the atlantic subsiding one starts the aggradation processes in the formerly open estuaries, an a/so from ca.4,000 BP development of spit-bar system. A second progradation phase ofthe spit bars systems occurs between 2,400 and 500 BP both in Almería and Cádiz Gulf, where a change from aggradation to progradation takes place in the estuary environments, and with a change in the direction of /ongshore drift (Mediterranean) and prevailing winds (both areas) at ca.2,400 BP. At ca. 1,200 BP a sudden paleogeographic change took place in estuary environments. From 500 BP up to now a marked increase of coastal progradation in ali littorals is observed. Climatic interpretations /ed to corre/ate anticyclonic conditions (as it happened during Little Ice Ages) with the growing of spit bar systems and progradation, while low pressure conditions (as during Medieval Warm Period) coincides with no progradation. In the Canary lslands, the development of storm ridges at ca. 3,500 BP can be corre/ated with an intensification of trade winds.
  • Miniatura
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    Is the Younger Dryas recorded in the estuarine sediments from south western Iberia Peninsula?
    (INQUA Mediterranean and Black Sea Shorelines Subcom, 1997) Lario Gómez, Javier