Persona: Martínez Huertas, José Ángel
Cargando...
Dirección de correo electrónico
ORCID
0000-0002-6700-6832
Fecha de nacimiento
Proyectos de investigación
Unidades organizativas
Puesto de trabajo
Apellidos
Martínez Huertas
Nombre de pila
José Ángel
Nombre
38 resultados
Resultados de la búsqueda
Mostrando 1 - 10 de 38
Publicación Redundancy, Isomorphism and Propagative Mechanisms between Emotional and Amodal Representations of Words: A Computational Study(['Springer', 'Psychonomic Society'], 2020-08-20) Jorge Botana, Guillermo de; Olmos, Ricardo; Martínez Huertas, José Ángel; Luzón Encabo, José MaríaSome proposals claim that language acts as a link to propagate emotional and other modal information. Thus, there is an eminently amodal path of emotional propagation in the mental lexicon. Following these proposals, we present a computational model that emulates a linking mechanism (mapping function) between emotional and amodal representations of words using vector space models, emotional feature-based models, and neural networks. We analyzed three central concepts within the embodiment debate (redundancy, isomorphism, and propagative mechanisms) comparing two alternative hypotheses: semantic neighborhood hypothesis vs. specific dimensionality hypothesis. Univariate and multivariate neural networks were trained for dimensional (N=11,357) and discrete emotions (N=2,266), and later we analyzed its predictions in a test set (N=4,167 and N=875, respectively). We showed how this computational model could propagate emotional responses to words without a direct emotional experience via amodal propagation, but no direct relations were found between emotional rates and amodal distances. Thereby, we found that there were clear redundancy and propagative mechanisms, but no isomorphism should be assumed. Results suggested that it was necessary to establish complex links to go beyond amodal distances of vector spaces. In this way, although the emotional rates of semantic neighborhoods could predict the emotional rates of target words, the mapping function of specific amodal features seemed to simulate emotional responses better. Thus, both hypotheses would not be mutually exclusive. We also showed that discrete emotions could have simpler relations between modal and amodal representations than dimensional emotions. All these results and their theoretical implications are discussed.Publicación It Must have been Burnout: Prevalence and Related Factors among Spanish PhD Students(Cambridge University Press, 2023-07-23) Sorrel, M. A.; Arconada, María; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelRecent studies in different countries indicate that PhD students are more vulnerable to psychological disorders compared to the general population. No such data are available for the Spanish population. This study addresses this issue by studying prevalence rates and factors related to a common response to prolonged stress such as burnout syndrome. Burnout, emotional abilities, resilience, satisfaction with the dissertation advisor, and sociodemographic data were collected from 305 PhD students. The results indicated that the burnout rates are high in this group, especially for the emotional exhaustion dimension. Different linear regression models explained between 14% and 41% of the overall burnout scores variance and its dimensions. The psychological variables and the satisfaction with the dissertation advisor were the most relevant predictors. Consistent with what has been found in other countries, the evidence found indicates that the mental state of PhD students in Spain is alarming. The results of this study have important implications for the design and implementation of interventions to alleviate this problem.Publicación Quantum projections on conceptual subspaces: A deeper dive into methodological challenges and opportunities(SAGE, 2024) Martínez Mingo, Alejandro; Olmos, Ricardo; Jorge Botana, Guillermo; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelIn alignment with the distributional hypothesis of language, the work “Quantum Projections on Conceptual Subspaces” (Martínez-Mingo A, Jorge-Botana G, Martinez-Huertas JÁ, et al. Quantum projections on conceptual subspaces. Cogn Syst Res 2023; 82: 101154) proposed a methodology for generating conceptual subspaces from textual information based on previous work (Martinez-Mingo A, Jorge-Botana G and Olmos R. Quantum approach for similarity evaluation in LSA vector space models. 2020). These subspaces enable the utilization of the quantum model of similarity put forth by Pothos and Busemeyer (Pothos E, Busemeyer J. A quantum probability explanation for violations of symmetry in similarity judgments. In Proceedings of the annual meeting of the cognitive science society, 2011, Vol. 33, No. 33), allowing for the empirical examination of the violations of assumptions concerning symmetry and triangular inequality (Tversky A. Features of similarity. Psychol Rev 1977; 84: 327–352; Yearsley JM, Barque-Duran A, Scerrati E, et al. The triangle inequality constraint in similarity judgments. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2017; 130: 26–32), as well as the diagnosticity effect (Tversky A. Features of similarity. Psychol Rev 1977; 84: 327–352; Yearsley JM, Pothos EM, Barque-Duran A, et al. Context effects in similarity judgments. J Exp Psychol Gen 2022; 151: 711–717), within a data-driven environment. These psychological biases, deeply studied by authors such as Tversky and Kahneman, inform us about the limitations of modeling psychological similarity measures using tools from classical geometry. This commentary aims to offer methodological clarifications, discuss theoretical and practical implications, and speculate on future directions in this field of research. Concretely, it aims to propose the use of different contours (conceptual or contextual) to generate the subspaces, which lead to subspaces of terms or contexts. Once these contours are defined, a differentiation is proposed between Aggregated Terms Subspaces (ATSs), Aggregated Contexts Subspaces (ACSs), and Aggregated Features Subspaces (AFSs) depending on whether we define the subspaces by grouping the terms or contexts within the contour, or from the latent dimensions of the semantic space obtained in the contour window. Finally, new data is provided on the violation of the triangular inequality assumption through the application of the quantum similarity model to ATSs.Publicación Effect of exposure to thinness ideals in social networks on self-esteem and anxiety(Fundación VECA para el Avance de la Psicología Clínica Conductual, 2022) Rodríguez Suárez, Blanca; Caperos, José Manuel; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelSocial networks use is related to the occurrence of eating disorders (ED). In this study, we experimentally evaluated the effect of exposure to social networks and stereotypical images of the thinness ideal on ED symptomatology and analyzed the mediator role of anxiety in this process. A sample of 321 young adults of both sexes (166 females) were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions: high and low exposure to the thin ideal. Our results indicate a decrease in self-esteem in the group exposed to the thin images and an increase in anxiety. We found the effect of the images on self-esteem is completely mediated by the increase in anxiety. No changes in body satisfaction or drive for thinness were found. Our study shows how brief exposure to images and profiles representative of the thin ideal seems to influence participants' self-esteem. These results show the need to raise awareness of the possible consequences of social media, as well as to promote a healthy use of social networks.Publicación A Failed Cross-Validation Study on the Relationship between LIWC Linguistic Indicators and Personality: Exemplifying the Lack of Generalizability of Exploratory Studies(MDPI, 2022-10-13) Moreno, José David; Olmos, Ricardo; Martínez Mingo, Alejandro; Jorge Botana, Guillermo de; Martínez Huertas, José Ángel(1) Background: Previous meta-analytic research found small to moderate relationships between the Big Five personality traits and different linguistic computational indicators. However, previous studies included multiple linguistic indicators to predict personality from an exploratory framework. The aim of this study was to conduct a cross-validation study analyzing the relationships between language indicators and personality traits to test the generalizability of previous results; (2) Methods: 643 Spanish undergraduate students were tasked to write a self-description in 500 words (which was evaluated with the LIWC) and to answer a standardized Big Five questionnaire. Two different analytical approaches using multiple linear regression were followed: first, using the complete data and, second, by conducting different cross-validation studies; (3) Results: The results showed medium effect sizes in the first analytical approach. On the contrary, it was found that language and personality relationships were not generalizable in the cross-validation studies; (4) Conclusions: We concluded that moderate effect sizes could be obtained when the language and personality relationships were analyzed in single samples, but it was not possible to generalize the model estimates to other samples. Thus, previous exploratory results found on this line of research appear to be incompatible with a nomothetic approach.Publicación Are valence and arousal related to the development of amodal representations of words? A computational study(['Taylor and Francis Group', 'Routledge'], 2023-11-21) Jorge Botana, Guillermo de; Martínez Mingo, Alejandro; Iglesias, Diego; Olmos, Ricardo; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelIn this study, we analyzed the relationship between the amodal (semantic) development of words and two popular emotional norms (emotional valence and arousal) in English and Spanish languages. To do so, we combined the strengths of semantics from vector space models (vector length, semantic diversity, and word maturity measures), and feature-based models of emotions. First, we generated a common vector space representing the meaning of words at different developmental stages (five and four developmental stages for English and Spanish, respectively) using the Word Maturity methodology to align different vector spaces. Second, we analyzed the amodal development of words through mixed-effects models with crossed random effects for words and variables using a continuous time metric. Third, the emotional norms were included as covariates in the statistical models. We evaluated more than 23,000 words, whose emotional norms were available for more than 10,000 words, in each language separately. Results showed a curve of amodal development with an increasing linear effect and a small quadratic deceleration. A relevant influence on the amodal development of words was found only for emotional valence (not for arousal), suggesting that positive words have an earlier amodal development and a less pronounced semantic change across early lifespan.Publicación El proceso del estrés y el afrontamiento en cuidadores informales de personas con diagnóstico del espectro de la esquizofrenia. Un estudio longitudinal(Fundación VECA para el Avance de la Psicología Clínica Conductual, 2023) Mora Castañeda, Belvy; Márquez González, María; Fernández Liria, Alberto; Cabrera, Isabel; Olmos, Ricardo; O'connell, Daniel; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelEl objetivo de este estudio longitudinal fue analizar el papel del estrés y las estrategias de afrontamiento en la explicación de la carga y la depresión de familiares cuidadores de personas con diagnóstico del espectro de la esquizofrenia. Fueron evaluados 30 pacientes este diagnóstico y sus cuidadores informales (n=30). Los participantes fueron evaluados en tres momentos temporales: línea base, a los 5 meses y a los 10 meses. Se encontró una disminución de los niveles de carga subjetiva con el paso del tiempo. Asimismo, la carga subjetiva y la depresión del cuidador mostraron una mayor relación con aquellas variables del paciente relacionadas con la sintomatología negativa. A nivel longitudinal, la evitación y la resignación mostraron una notable relación con la carga subjetiva y la depresión. Los posibles cambios en la evaluación de las demandas que el trastorno plantea y en las estrategias de afrontamiento empleadas por los cuidadores sugieren el desarrollo de un proceso de adaptación al trastorno por parte del cuidador.Publicación Adaptación española de la "Escala de Comunicación Diádica Sexual"(Fundación VECA para el Avance de la Psicología Clínica Conductual, 2019) Jastrzebska, Olga; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelLa comunicación diádica sexual consiste en tratar temas sobre comportamientos sexuales con la pareja. Dada la importancia de los aspectos sexuales en la comunicación con la pareja, el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la adaptación española de la “Escala de comunicación diádica sexual” (Dyadic Sexual Communication Scale, CDS; Catania, 1998), un instrumento que mide la percepción de la comunicación con la pareja sobre comportamientos sexuales. 891 participantes contestaron distintas escalas para analizar la fiabilidad y la validez de la adaptación española de la escala de CDS. La estructura unidimensional obtuvo un buen ajuste (CFI= 0,92; TLI= 0,90; RMSEA= 0,079) y una buena fiabilidad (= 0,87; = 0,87). En el trabajo se presentan distintas evidencias de validez de la adaptación, como la validez convergente con variables de satisfacción sexual y de ajuste diádico con la pareja. También se analizó la sensibilidad a variables personales como el sexo o la duración de la relación de pareja mostrando que, aunque no hay diferencias de medias, la relación entre la escala CDS y las variables medidas es sensible a estas variables personales. P ALABRAS CLAVE: escala Comunicación diádica sexual, propiedades psicométricas, sexualidad, salud sexual, adaptación española.Publicación Distilling vector space model scores for the assessment of constructed responses with bifactor Inbuilt Rubric method and latent variables(['Springer', 'Psychonomic Society'], 2022-01-11) Olmos, Ricardo; Jorge Botana, Guillermo de; León, José A.; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelIn this paper, we highlight the importance of distilling the computational assessments of constructed responses to validate the indicators/proxies of constructs/trins using an empirical illustration in automated summary evaluation. We present the validation of the Inbuilt Rubric (IR) method that maps rubrics into vector spaces for concepts’ assessment. Specifically, we improved and validated its scores’ performance using latent variables, a common approach in psychometrics. We also validated a new hierarchical vector space, namely a bifactor IR. 205 Spanish undergraduate students produced 615 summaries of three different texts that were evaluated by human raters and different versions of the IR method using latent semantic analysis (LSA). The computational scores were validated using multiple linear regressions and different latent variable models like CFAs or SEMs. Convergent and discriminant validity was found for the IR scores using human rater scores as validity riteria. While this study was conducted in the Spanish language, the proposed scheme is language-independent and applicable to any language. We highlight four main conclusions: (1) Accurate performance can be observed in topic-detection tasks without hundreds/thousands of pre-scored samples required in supervised models. (2) Convergent/discriminant validity can be improved using measurement models for computational scores as they adjust for measurement errors. (3) Nouns embedded in fragments of instructional text can be an affordable alternative to use the IR method. (4) Hierarchical models, like the bifactor IR, can increase the validity of computational assessments evaluating general and specific knowledge in vector space models. R code is provided to apply the classic and bifactor IR method.Publicación The Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist for Nursing Homes: Validation among Different Spanish Territories(MDPI, 2022-02-08) Velasco, Cristina; López, Javier; Pérez Rojo, Gema; Noriega, Cristina; Martínez Huertas, José ÁngelMemory and behavioral difficulties among older people living in nursing homes can cause burden and other consequences in professional caregivers. There is a lack of instruments that evaluate these behaviors and their influence in formal caregivers. The aim of this study is to develop and psychometrically test—the Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist for Nursing Homes (RMBPC-NH). A cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample was made up of 312 formal caregivers working in nursing homes from different territories in Spain, 87.5% were women and 12.5% were men. The average age of participants was 39 years (SD = 12.2). The sample was recruited from January 2019 to March 2020. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, which included sociodemographic information, and assessed quality of technical equipment, level of training, experience of working with older people, job satisfaction, professional quality of life, burnout, and conception of negative stereotypes held towards aging. The four-factor structure of the RMBPC-NH showed a good fit, namely in relation to memory, functional, and emotional factors, and other problems. It has shown adequate psychometric properties, internal consistency, and validity (correlations with professional quality of life, job satisfaction, burnout, and negative stereotypes). The RMBPC-NH is a useful instrument to evaluate the frequency of older people’s memory and behavior problems and professional caregivers’ burden. The practical application in nursing homes is discussed.