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Fernández Sedano, Iciar

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  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Psicología Social Volumen II
    (Sanz y Torres, 2023) Fernández Arregui, Saulo; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; Fuster Ruiz de Apodaca, María José; Lois García, David; Vázquez Botana, Alexandra
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Disentangling Emotions during the Coronavirus Outbreak in Spain: Inner Emotions, Descriptive Feeling Rules and Socioemotional Conventions
    (Cambridge University Press, 2022-03-09) Caballero Gonzalez, Amparo; Villar, Sergio; Sevillano Triguero, Verónica; Gavilán, Pablo; Carrera, Pilar; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-0940
    For constructionism, language is the link among different levels of analysis of emotional events, from individual to interpersonal and macrosocial. The interaction among these emotional levels allows us to construe an emotional episode and label it with an emotion word, coordinate with the emotions perceived in others, and represent events as a society. Across two studies, we found similarities and differences among inner emotions experienced (individual level), emotions perceived in others (descriptive feeling rules, interpersonal level) and emotions shared on the internet (socioemotional conventions, macro- social level), with all these emotional targets focused on the COVID–19 outbreak. The results indicate a similarity between the emotional meaning of COVID–19 in society and the descriptive feeling rules, whereas the reported inner emotions were clearly distinct: Joy was irrelevant at the interpersonal and macrosocial levels but clearly important at the individual level. A mismatch also appeared for fear and hope. While fear was the most predominant emotion at the interpersonal and macrosocial levels during most of the phases, it was moderately predominant at the individual level. Hope followed the opposite pattern, being the most relevant emotion at the individual level but less relevant at the interpersonal and macrosocial levels. Each level might have different consequences: Mixed emotions at the individual level might promote resilience; fear perceived in other people might motivate protective behaviors; and sadness socially shared during Christmas might generate greater empathy. These results support the complexity of emotional concepts and the suitability of exploring them at different levels of analysis
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    The Relationships between Restorative Justice, Empathy and Social Values
    (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.Colombia, 2021-12-15) Lozano Espina, Francisca; Fernández Sedano, Iciar
    The aim of this study was to know the relationship between psychosocial factors (empathy and social values) and Restorative Justice (RJ). A quasiexperimental study was carried out with 187 subjects (M = 40.27, SD = 12.32 years). Participants were randomly assigned to an assumption about RJ with 3 conditions (defiant, repentance, and impunity) and questions regarding crime management such as: punishment, dialogue, accountability and reparation. In addition, subjects completed several scales on negative emotions (α = 0.81), empathy (α = 0.72) and social values (α = 0.76). Correlational analyzes (Pearson's r) and comparison of means (t test and ANOVA) were performed. The results confirmed that anger is the emotion most intensely felt when people are witness of the suffering of crime on another person. However, there are significant differences depending on the defiant and repentance attitudes shown by the aggressor, by the set of negative emotions, as well as by accepting the possibility of dialogue between the parties. When there is high empathic concern, it makes RJ processes characterized by accountability and reparation, while conservation values (tradition and security) were linked to punishment. All these findings reveal new knowledge in the study of RJ, empathy and social values.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Implicit Theories About Interrelations of Anger Components in 25 Countries
    (American Psychological Association, 2011) Alonso Arbiol, Itziar; Vijver, Fons J. R. van de; Páez Rovira, Darío; Campos, Miryam; Fernández Sedano, Iciar
    We were interested in the cross-cultural comparison of implicit theories of the interrelations of eight anger components (antecedents, body sensations, cognitive reactions, verbal expressions, nonverbal expressions, interpersonal responses, and primary and secondary self-control). Self-report scales of each of these components were administered to a total of 5,006 college students in 25 countries. Equivalence of the scales was supported in that scales showed acceptable congruence coefficients in almost all comparisons. A multigroup confirmatory factor model with three latent variables (labeled internal processes, behavioral outcomes, and self-control mechanisms) could well account for the interrelations of the eight observed variables; measurement and structural weights were invariant. Behavioral outcomes and self-control mechanisms were only associated through their common dependence on internal processes. Verbal expressions and cognitive reactions showed the largest cross-cultural differences in means, whereas self-control mechanisms scales showed the smallest differences. Yet, cultural differences between the countries were small. It is concluded that anger, as measured by these scales, shows more pronounced cross-cultural similarities than differences in terms of both interrelations and mean score levels.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Apego Seguro, Vínculos Parentales, Clima Familiar e Inteligencia Emocional: socialización, regulación y bienestar
    (Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Ansiedad y el Estrés (SEAS), 2006) Páez Rovira, Darío; Campos, M.; Zubieta, Elena Mercedes; Casullo, María Martina; Fernández Sedano, Iciar
    En este artículo nos hemos propuesto revisar la teoría y datos que sugieren que un ape­go seguro se asocia a vínculos parentales cálidos, a cohesión y a expresividad familiar, que a su vez sirven de antecedentes de una alta Inteligencia Emocional (IE), así como de un estilo de afron­tamiento más adaptativo, vinculado al bienestar. Para ello presentamos los instrumentos de medida que tratan de evaluar la JE, el apego, la regulación y el bienestar. Las escalas se aplicaron en tres países (España, Chile y México) a un total de 357 estudiantes universitarios, que tenían una media de 22 años. En general, los resultados indican que las personas con un mayor bienestar informan de un bajo apego inseguro temeroso, recuerdan una relación más cálida, perciben una mayor expresi­vidad emocional en su familia y, además, presen­ tan una mayor claridad, regulación y verbaliza­ción de emociones, así como un buen rendimien­to, es decir, una mayor IE.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Prototypical Anger Components: A Multilevel Study
    (SAGE, 2014-02-25) Carrera, Pilar; Páez Rovira, Darío; Alonso Arbiol, Itziar; Campos, Miryam; Basabe, Nekane; Fernández Sedano, Iciar
    This study explored the effects of psychological and cultural variables on self-reported emotional prototypes of anger. Eight anger components were examined using a multilevel analysis. Competitiveness, interdependence, gender, instrumentality, and expressivity were entered as individual variables, and individualism/collectivism, masculinity/femininity, and the Human Development Index (HDI) were entered as cultural variables. All highlight the importance of considering simultaneously the individual and social levels, with a view to gaining more in-depth knowledge of the emotions. Data were collected among 5,006 college students from 25 countries. Being female, instrumentality, HDI, and the interaction between country-level HDI competitiveness predicted internal processes and behavioral outcomes of anger prototypes. Expressivity, instrumentality, country-level masculinity, and the interaction between gender and country-level masculinity predicted self-control mechanisms of anger prototypes. It is concluded that salient differences in anger prototypes can be found at both individual and country level, and that interaction effects of HDI with individual variables are essential in understanding anger prototypes.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    The links among relative financial scarcity, thinking style, fatalism, and well-being
    (Wiley, 2022-07-11) Caballero Gonzalez, Amparo; Aguilar, Pilar; Carrera, Pilar; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-0940
    In the present research, we examined the links among relative financial scarcity, thinking style, fatalism, and well-being and their roles in predicting protective behaviors against COVID-19. Study 1 (N = 120) revealed that after an experimental manipulation to induce the perception of relative financial scarcity (versus financial abundance), people who perceived higher relative financial scarcity changed their thinking style to a more concrete mindset. In Study 2 (N = 873), the relative financial abundance–scarcity situation was measured, and the results showed that the greater the perceived relative financial scarcity was, the more concrete the mindset and the lower the sense of well-being. Impor- tantly, we found that individuals who felt poorer but maintained an abstract thinking style reported higher well-being. Study 3 (N = 501) examined the influence of a concrete thinking style in people who perceived that their economic situation had worsened with the pandemic. The results showed that when this vulnerable population presented a more concrete mindset, they reported lower well-being, higher fatalism, and lower protective behavior against COVID-19. Thus, maintaining an abstract mindset promotes higher well-being, lower fatalism, and greater protective behaviors against COVID-19, even under economic difficulties. Because thinking style can be modified, our results encourage the development of new social intervention programs to promote an abstract mindset when people face important challenges.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    ¡Los deseos importan! Las actitudes deseadas predicen las intenciones de comportamiento en las personas que piensan de modo abstracto: El caso del consumo de alimentos sin sal añadida
    (Routledge. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019-05-01) Carrera, Pilar; Muñoz, Dolores; Caballero Gonzalez, Amparo; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-0940
    Introducción. La investigación previa muestra que la coherencia en el nivel de constructo entre el estilo de pensamiento de una persona y los predictores mejoraba la fuerza de las predicciones. Puesto que las actitudes deseadas son más abstractas que las reales, esperábamos que aquellas constituyesen mejores predictores de las intenciones de comportamiento en las personas que tienen un estilo de pensamiento abstracto. Objetivo. Para comprobar el efecto de esta correlación entre las actitudes deseadas y el estilo de pensamiento abstracto, medimos el nivel de constructo en términos de tendencia basal personal. Método. Los participantes (N = 105) informaron sobre su experiencia pasada, sus actitudes deseadas y reales sobre comer alimentos sin sal añadida y sus intenciones de comportamiento. Para clasificar a los participantes en un estilo de pensamiento abstracto o concreto, se codificó su primer pensamiento aplicando el modelo de categoría lingüística (LCM). Resultados. El análisis de pendientes simples (simple slopes) reveló un efecto significativo de las actitudes deseadas sobre las intenciones de comportamiento en los participantes con un estilo de pensamiento abstracto. Conclusión. Nuestros resultados corroboran la relevancia de las actitudes deseadas en relación con las predicciones de comportamiento y amplían el papel del nivel de constructo en la predicción y promoción de un comportamiento deseable pero exigente en el marco de las diferencias individuales.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Self-concealment of bullying, if student is victim, aggressor or witness, and their relationship with subjective well-being
    (Fundación Universitaria Católica del Norte, 2020-10-13) Fernández García, Andrés; Fernández Sedano, Iciar
    El bullying es un comportamiento muy frecuente y ocurre sin ninguna provocación aparente por parte de quien lo sufre. Con el objeto de analizar cómo influye la auto-ocultación sobre el bienestar subjetivo, cuando se está implicado en situaciones de acoso escolar, se realizó una investigación con una muestra de 299 estudiantes, en centros de Lanzarote (Canarias, España), a través de un diseño correlacional donde cada alumno se auto-identifica como víctima, agresor o testigo. Los participantes tenían una media de 11.81 años (DT=.87), y el 50,2 % eran hombres. Los resultados descriptivos mostraron diferencias significativas respecto a las víctimas, consistentes en menor bienestar subjetivo y mayor auto-ocultación. La auto-ocultación del bullying, frecuencia de acoso escolar y edad, explicaron el 29,1 % de la varianza del bienestar subjetivo de los alumnos. El análisis de mediación moderada constató que a más frecuencia de acoso escolar se produce una mayor auto-ocultación, y que, a su vez, esta mayor auto-ocultación se asoció negativamente al bienestar subjetivo, tanto para las víctimas como para los agresores. En conclusión, los resultados de este trabajo confirman que una elevada auto-ocultación, cuando sucede el acoso, es perjudicial para el bienestar subjetivo.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Construal level as a moderator of the role of affective and cognitive attitudes in the prediction of health-risk behavioural intentions
    (Wiley, The British Psychological Society, 2014-06-13) Carrera, Pilar; Caballero Gonzalez, Amparo; Muñoz, Dolores; González Iraizoz, Marta; Fernández Sedano, Iciar; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-0940
    In two preliminary control checks it was shown that affective attitudes presented greater abstraction than cognitive attitudes. Three further studies explored how construal level moderated the role of affective and cognitive attitudes in predicting one health-promoting behaviour (exercising) and two risk behaviours (sleep debt and binge drinking). There was a stronger influence of affective attitudes both when participants were in abstract (vs. concrete) mindsets induced by a priming task in Studies 1a and 1b, and when behavioural intentions were formed for the distant (vs. near) future in Study 2. In the case of concrete mindsets, the results were inconclusive; the interaction between construal level and cognitive attitudes was only marginally significant in Study 1b. The present research supports the assertion that in abstract mindsets (vs. concrete mindsets) people use more affective attitudes to construe their behavioural intentions. Practical implications for health promotion are discussed in the framework of construal-level theory.