Persona:
Muñiz González, Ana Belén

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ORCID
0000-0001-8285-7582
Fecha de nacimiento
Proyectos de investigación
Unidades organizativas
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Muñiz González
Nombre de pila
Ana Belén
Nombre

Filtros

2000 - 20181
Restablecer filtros

Ajustes

Autor: Martínez Guitarte, José Luis × Fecha de finalización: 2019 ×

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Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Chironomus riparius molecular response to polystyrene primary microplastics
    (ELSEVIER, 0023-04-10) Kalman, Judit; Muñiz González, Ana Belén; García, María Ángeles; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis
    Microplastics are emerging as a central concern for the environment. They can be found worldwide, produced for the industry and because of plastic debris degradation. The microplastics are smaller than 5 mm, but they can also range in micro and nanometer scales, present in soil and aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, they can have different chemical compositions, including additives with putative toxicity. Chironomus riparius is a dipteran with aquatic larvae used in toxicology tests. As a benthic organism, it can be exposed to microplastics in the water and the sediments, being able to ingest some of them depending on the size and shape. However, it is still poor knowledge of the effects that microplastics have on invertebrates, especially at the molecular level. We have analyzed the impact that 5–5.9 μm spheres of polystyrene have on the metabolism of C. riparius, studying the transcriptional activity of eighty genes, twenty-eight described here for the first time. The genes covered the endocrine response, the detoxification mechanisms, the stress response, the DNA repairing mechanisms, hypoxia, oxidative stress, apoptosis, immunity, cholesterol metabolism, energy metabolism, the circadian rhythm, signaling, and regulation of piRNAs. The results showed that at 24 h, the stress response was the most affected, while at 48 h, the endocrine response and detoxification were slightly affected. Finally, at 72 h, endocrine response, detoxification mechanisms, and lipid metabolism genes were altered. Overall, the data suggest an acute response involving stress genes downregulation, while the later response seems to move to metabolic alterations, with changes in hormonal regulation and metabolism. It could be because micrometer microplastics are confounded with food, decreasing the availability of resources for larval development. The present work shows a dynamic impact of polystyrene microspheres and provides new putative biomarkers to analyze several mechanisms involved in the cellular and physiological response to toxicants.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Effects of single exposure and binary mixtures of ultraviolet filters octocrylene and 2-ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino) benzoate on gene expression in the freshwater insect Chironomus riparius
    (Springer Nature, 2018-10-22) Muñiz González, Ana Belén; Martínez Guitarte, José Luis; Springer Nature
    Ultraviolet filters are used extensively in the production of many personal care and industrial products. These products can inadvertently pollute the environment through recreational activities. They have been associated with endocrine disruption in vertebrates but their effects in invertebrates are poorly understood. Chironomus riparius is a species of the dipteran order, with aquatic larvae that are frequently used in toxicity tests. Previously, we showed that octocrylene (OC) and 2-ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino) benzoate (ODPABA) differentially affected the mRNA levels of the ecdysone receptor and Hsp70 genes. For a better understanding of their mode of action, transcriptional activity by real-time PCR was analyzed in fourth instar larvae exposed to OC, OD-PABA, or a binary mixture of both. We studied 16 genes related to the endocrine system, stress, the immune system, and biotransformation mechanisms to elucidate the putative interactions between these compounds. No response was observed for the genes involved in biotransformation, suggesting that enzymes other than cytochromes P450 and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) could get involved in transformation of these compounds. Similarly, no response was observed for endocrine-related genes while the stress gene HYOU1 was inhibited by ODPABA, suggesting an effect in response to hypoxia. In addition, no significant interactions were observed following exposure to a binary mixture of these compounds. Overall, the results suggest a weak, acute response in different metabolic pathways and a lack of interaction between the compounds. Finally, new genes are identified in this organism, opening the possibility to analyze new cellular pathways as targets of toxicants.