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Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel

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0000-0002-7555-4943
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Maíllo Fernández
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José Manuel
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Autor: Abellán Beltrán, Natalia ×

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    Publicación
    Neanderthal mobility over very long distances: The case of El Castillo cave (northern Spain) and the ‘Vasconian’ Mousterian
    (Elsevier, 2025-08) Herrero Alonso, Diego; Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel; Abellán Beltrán, Natalia; Moral, Macarena; González Molina, Irene; Solano Megías, Irene; Luzón Ruíz, Sofía; Marín Hernando, Juan; Álvarez Vena, Adrián; Martín Perea, David; Neira, Ana; Bernaldo de Quirós, Federico; Tarriño, Andoni
    This study explores the mobility and raw material circulation of Neanderthals at the El Castillo cave, located in the northern part of the Iberian Peninsula, with a particular focus on flint. The levels analyzed (XXabeXXf1.1) date between 45 and 70 ka BP, corresponding to the Mousterian period and, in some cases, to the Vasconian facies. Most of the flint varieties are of local origin (<10e30 km), but six additional sources have been identified, both regionally (30e120 km) and tracer (120e250 km), as well as a variety that would fall under the supertracer range (>250 km). These findings provide insights into patterns of lithic resource acquisition. Based on these data, together with the technotypological data and the quantitative representation of the different varieties of raw materials, it is proposed that the territory of these Neanderthals was larger than expected. Beyond their home range, they may have had an even larger ‘social territory,’ covering more than 600 km in length, from the Oviedo basin (Piedramuelle flint) to the Adour River (Tercis flint), including the Upper Ebro Basin (Trevi~ no flint). Furthermore, this broad geographical region and the dates from the levels at El Castillo align with the spatial distribution of the Mousterian with cleavers or the Vasconian. The technotypological analysis of these assemblages suggests that the Vasconian may be more closely related to a broad view of the group and the sharing of ideas, rather than representing a strictly defined technological tradition.
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    Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites: implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
    (Elsevier, 2025-08-18) Martín-Perea, David Manuel; Medialdea, Alicia; Marín Hernando, Juan; Abellán Beltrán, Natalia; Solano-Megías, Irene; Arteaga, Carlos; Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Antonio; Uribelarrea, David; Arroyo, Xabier; Gidna, Agness; Mabulla, Audax; Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel
    Olduvai Gorge (northern Tanzania) preserves a rich and continuous paleoanthropological record spanning the past two million years. While its Early Stone Age occupations have been intensively studied, the Middle and Later Stone Age sequences, represented by the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds, remain less understood. This study presents new geological and geochronological data from the type localities of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), we establish a revised chronological framework for these sedimentary units. The Lower Ndutu Beds, composed of fluvially reworked conglomerates and sands capped by a trachytic tuff and silts, are now dated between 152.9 ±11.6 ka and 122.9 ±8.3 ka. The Upper Ndutu Beds include archaeologically rich sandy and silty facies and are dated between 86.9 ±4.5 ka and 70.8 ±10.4 ka. At the Naisiusiu type site, a sequence of fluvial, sheetwash, and aeolian deposits yielded OSL dates ranging from 65.3 ±4.4 ka to 32.8 ±2.2 ka, suggesting that the LSA occupation at Olduvai began significantly earlier than previously assumed. These results provide refined age estimates for the Middle and Later Stone Age deposits at Olduvai Gorge and confirm a relatively rapid transition between these two technocomplexes during the Late Pleistocene. The data strengthen regional correlations with sites like Nasera and Mumba, providing critical chronological resolution to ongoing debates about the tempo and mode of behavioural evolution in eastern Africa.