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Prieto Lara, Antonio

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0000-0002-3394-5962
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Prieto Lara
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Antonio
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2018 - 201942020 - 20245
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Mostrando 1 - 9 de 9
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    The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A) Adapted as a School-Based Anxiety and Depression Prevention Program: An Initial Cluster Randomized Wait-List-Controlled Trial
    (Elsevier, 2020-05-08) García Escalera, Julia; Valiente García, Rosa María; Sandín, Bonifacio; Ehrenreich May, Jill; Prieto Lara, Antonio; Chorot Raso, Paloma
    Anxiety and depression are common debilitating conditions that show high comorbidity rates in adolescence. The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A; Ehrenreich-May et al., 2018) is one of the few existing resources aimed at applying transdiagnostic treatment principles across the core dysfunctions implicated in the development of both anxiety and depression using a single protocol. This is the first known controlled study to examine the efficacy of the UP-A adapted as a nine-session universal preventive intervention program delivered in a school setting. A total of 151 students (mean age: 15.05) participated in this randomized wait-list-controlled trial conducted in Madrid, Spain. An unexpected decline in anxiety and depression levels from pre- to posttreatment and follow-up was found in both groups (p = .009, d = –0.22), and overall differences between conditions did not reach significance. Exploratory analyses of baseline emotional symptom severity as a potential predictor trended toward a significantly greater decrease in symptoms of depression for those with greater baseline emotional symptoms in the UP-A group compared to the wait-list-control group. Future trials with larger samples are justified to estimate the effect of the UP-A adapted as a selective prevention program for anxiety and depression.
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    Haptic Perceptual Grouping: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Correlates
    (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (España). Escuela Internacional de Doctorado. Programa de Doctorado en Psicología de la Salud, 2018-11-26) Prieto Lara, Antonio; Ballesteros Jiménez, Soledad; Mayas Arellano, Julia
    La organización perceptiva es el proceso que enfrenta a nuestro sistema perceptivo con la tarea de descifrar la información sensorial proveniente del mundo exterior para alcanzar una representación verídica, congruente y útil de nuestro entorno (Ruth Kimchi et al., 2003; Pomerantz & Kubovy, 1981). Tradicionalmente, se ha considerado el agrupamiento perceptivo como el proceso más íntimamente ligado a la organización perceptiva. Sin embargo, no son sinónimos. El agrupamiento perceptivo constituye un tipo particular de proceso organizativo que determina los elementos cualitativos de nuestra percepción. Consiste, a grandes rasgos, en el hecho de que los observadores perciben algunos ítems del campo perceptivo como pertenecientes a un mismo conjunto de elementos con más fuerza que otros (Wagemans et al., 2012). La organización perceptiva y el agrupamiento han sido investigados exhaustivamente en modalidad visual y, en menor medida, en modalidad auditiva. Sin embargo, muy pocos estudios tratan de manera explícita con las cuestiones organizacionales en el tacto, e incluso las revisiones y monografías dedicadas de manera exclusiva a la percepción en esta modalidad han ignorado la cuestión, algo sorprendente dado que el tacto, junto con la vista y el oído, es considerado uno de los sentidos espaciales (Gallace & Spence, 2011). Una de las cuestiones más relevantes en la investigación sobre agrupamiento perceptivo durante los últimos años es el estudio cuantitativo del funcionamiento interactivo de varios principios de agrupamiento actuando de manera conjunta en la misma escena perceptiva (Kubovy & van den Berg, 2008; Luna, Villalba-García, Montoro, & Hinojosa, 2016; Quinlan & Wilton, 1998; Schmidt & Schmidt, 2013). Tradicionalmente, esta línea de investigación ha perseguido dos objetivos diferentes: (1) desarrollar un modelo que dé cuenta de los efectos combinados de los diferentes principios de agrupamiento perceptivo cuando estos actúan de manera conjunta,y (2) identificar las reglas que determinan que principios dominan la organización percibida cuando dos o más claves de agrupamiento actúan simultáneamente (Han & Humphreys, 1999; Palmer & Beck, 2007; Schmidt & Schmidt, 2013). Dada la ausencia de investigación que aborde las dinámicas de dominancia de los principios de agrupamiento en el tacto, las leyes que gobiernan tales interacciones, así como las bases neurológicas que subyacen a estos procesos, la presente tesis doctoral se propone como principal objetivo investigar de manera cuantitativa como diferentes principios de agrupamiento perceptivo (proximidad espacial y similaridad en textura) interaccionan durante el proceso de organización perceptiva en el tacto para dar lugar a los objetos que conforman la percepción táctil. Para lograr este fin, se realizaron 6 experimentos divididos en 4 diferentes estudios, en los que se abordaron de manera exhaustiva los objetivos específicos derivados del objetivo principal perfilado en el párrafo anterior: (1) Analizar el curso temporal y las dinámicas de dominancia de los principios de agrupamiento en la modalidad háptica; (2) investigar las interacciones entre principios de agrupamiento en el tacto, así como su compatibilidad con un modelo aditivo de los efectos de agrupamiento; y (3) investigar los correlatos neurofisiológicos (actividad cerebral oscilatoria) del agrupamiento perceptivo en el tacto cuando diferentes principios de agrupamiento actúan de manera aislada o conjunta dentro de la misma escena estimular.
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    Memory and metamemory in everyday settings: Assessing recall, recognition, and naming using car brand logos
    (Wiley, 2024-01-01) Mayas Arellano, Julia; Prieto Lara, Antonio; Montoro Martínez, Pedro Raúl
    Previous research on incidental memory in everyday settings has shown that frequent exposure to stimuli does not guarantee accurate representation in memory. In two studies, we explored the memory and metamemory of car brand logos using recall (drawing) and recognition tasks (Study 1) or a naming task (Study 2). The results showed that memory accuracy for logos was modest in the recall and recognition tasks; nevertheless, the participants' accuracy in naming the visually displayed car logos was almost perfect. The participants showed overconfidence in their ability to recall and recognize car logos prior to their performance, which was adjusted after completing the recall task. Overconfidence was absent in the naming tasks. These results replicate the modest visual memory and metacognitive adjustments in recall and recognition tasks found in previous studies and contrast with participants' better memory performance and metacognitive adjustments in the naming task.
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    Consciousness Under the Spotlight: The Problem of Measuring Subjective Experience
    (Wiley, 2024-10-24) Jiménez. Mikel; Prieto Lara, Antonio; Hinojosa, José Antonio; Montoro Martínez, Pedro Raúl; Mohamad El Haj
    The study of consciousness is considered by many one of the most difficult contemporary scientific endeavors and confronts several methodological and theoretical challenges. A central issue that makes the study of consciousness so challenging is that, while the rest of science is concerned with problems that can be verified from a “third person” view (i.e., objectively), the study of consciousness deals with the phenomenon of subjective experience, only accessible from a “first person” view. In the present article, we review early (starting during the late 19th century) and later efforts on measuring consciousness and its absence, focusing on the two main approaches used by researchers within the field: objective (i.e., performance based) and subjective (i.e., report based) measures of awareness. In addition, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of both types of awareness measures, evaluate them according to different methodological considerations, and discuss, among other issues, the possibility of comparing them by transforming them to a common sensitivity measure (d′). Finally, we explore several new approaches—such as Bayesian models to support the absence of awareness or new machine-learning based decoding models—as well as future challenges—such as measuring the qualia, the qualitative contents of awareness—in consciousness research.
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    Interaction dynamics between grouping principles in touch: phenomenological and psychophysical evidence
    (Springer, 2018-05-24) Prieto Lara, Antonio; Mayas Arellano, Julia; Ballesteros Jiménez, Soledad
    In two experiments, we investigated the interactions between the grouping principles of spatial proximity and texture similarity in touch. For that purpose, we adapted to touch two paradigms widely employed in vision. In Experiment 1, we used an experimental phenomenological task consisting of rating the strength of grouping in both acting alone and conjoined cooperative and competitive conditions. In Experiment 2, participants performed a psychophysical task in which an objective (in)correct response was defined by selectively attending to one grouping cue in different blocks of trials. The results showed that spatial proximity dominated over texture similarity when the two principles were conjoined in competition. In addition, the present results are compatible with an additive model of grouping effects as indicated by the greater grouping effect in the cooperative condition and the smaller grouping effect in the competitive condition relative to a.0cting alone grouping principles. The similarities and differences between vision and touch are discussed.
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    Behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of interactions between grouping principles in touch: Evidence from psychophysical indirect tasks
    (Elsevier, 2019-06-01) Prieto Lara, Antonio; Mayas Arellano, Julia; Ballesteros Jiménez, Soledad
    In two experiments we investigated the behavioral and brain correlates of the interactions between spatial-proximity and texture-similarity grouping principles in touch. We designed two adaptations of the repetition discrimination task (RDT) previously used in vision. This task provides an indirect measure of grouping that does not require explicit attention to the grouping process. In Experiment 1, participants were presented with a row of elements alternating in texture except for one pair in which the same texture was repeated. The participants had to decide whether the repeated texture stimuli (similarity grouping) were smooth or rough, while the spatial proximity between targets and distractors was varied either to facilitate or hinder the response. In Experiment 2, participants indicated which cohort (proximity grouping) contained more elements, while texture-similarity within and between cohorts was modified. The results indicated additive effects of grouping cues in which proximity dominated the perceptual grouping process when the two principles acted together. In addition, the independent component analysis (ICA) performed on electrophysiological data revealed the implication of a widespread network of sensorimotor, prefrontal, parietal and occipital brain areas in both experiments.
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    Inducing strategies to solve a mental rotation task is possible: evidence from a sex-related eye-tracking analysis
    (Taylor and Francis Group, 2024-12-08) Fernández Méndez, Laura María; Cepero Amores, Laura; Orenes Casanova, Isabel; Prieto Lara, Antonio; Rodán, Antonio; Montoro, Pedro R; Mayas Arellano, Julia; Cabestrero Alonso, Raúl; Contreras Alcalde, María José
    The study of spatial skills is gaining importance due to their relevance in everyday activities and their critical role in developing competencies across various academic disciplines. The main goal of this study was to explore whether mental rotation strategies, such as the so-called holistic –rotating an entire object- and piecemeal –rotating individual parts of the object- approaches, can be induced, and whether sex differences emerge during the process of strategy induction. This objective holds a pivotal role as it could lead to the enhancement of mental rotation abilities and the development of effective interventions. To achieve this, a mental rotation task was conducted while eye movements were recorded. In the first block, participants solved the task freely, while in the second block, they received instructions to solve it through either a holistic (42 participants) or a piecemeal (43 participants) strategy in a between-subjects design. In both strategies, participants showed better performance in the second block compared to the first. Males outperformed females. The holistic strategy resulted in faster reaction times in the second block. The number of fixations and saccadic movements decreased in the second block compared to the first for the holistic strategy, while the piecemeal strategy exhibited the opposite ocular pattern. These results indicate that effective mental rotation strategies were successfully elicited. No sex differences were found in the analyzed eye movement variables.
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    Masked priming under the Bayesian microscope: Exploring the integration of local elements into global shape through Bayesian model comparison
    (Elsevier, 2023-10) Jiménez, Mikel; Prieto Lara, Antonio; Gómez, Pablo; Hinojosa, José Antonio; Montoro Martínez, Pedro Raúl
    To investigate whether local elements are grouped into global shapes in the absence of awareness, we introduced two different masked priming designs (e.g., the classic dissociation paradigm and a trial-wise probe and prime discrimination task) and collected both objective (i.e., performance based) and subjective (using the perceptual awareness scale [PAS]) awareness measures. Prime visibility was manipulated using three different prime-mask stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) and an unmasked condition. Our results showed that assessing prime visibility trial-wise heavily interfered with masked priming preventing any prime facilitation effect. The implementation of Bayesian regression models, which predict priming effects for participants whose awareness levels are at chance level, provided strong evidence in favor of the hypothesis that local elements group into global shape in the absence of awareness for SOAs longer than 50 ms, suggesting that prime-mask SOA is a crucial factor in the processing of the global shape without awareness.
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    Effects of Nonaction Videogames on Attention and Memory in Young Adults
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2019-11-26) Eloisa Ruiz-Márquez; Prieto Lara, Antonio; Mayas Arellano, Julia; Toril Barrera, Pilar; Reales Avilés, José Manuel; Ballesteros Jiménez, Soledad
    Objective: In this intervention study, we investigated the benefits of nonaction videogames on measures of selective attention and visuospatial working memory (WM) in young adults. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight young adults were randomly assigned to the experimental group or to the active control group. The experimental group played 10 nonaction adaptive videogames selected from Lumosity, whereas the active control group played two nonadaptive simulation-strategy games (SimCity and The Sims). Participants in both groups completed 15 training sessions of 30 minutes each. The training was conducted in small groups. All the participants were tested individually before and after training to assess possible transfer effects to selective attention, using a Cross-modal Oddball task, inhibition with the Stroop task, and visuospatial WM enhancements with the Corsi blocks task. Results: Participants improved videogame performance across the training sessions. The results of the transfer tasks show that the two groups benefited similarly from game training. They were less distracted and improved visuospatial WM. Conclusion: Overall, there was no significant interaction between group (group trained with adaptive nonaction videogames and the active control group that played simulation games) and session (pre- and post-assessment). As we did not have a passive nonintervention control group, we cannot conclude that adaptive nonaction videogames had a positive effect, because some external factors might account for the pre- and post-test improvements observed in both groups.