Persona: Heradio Gil, Rubén
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Heradio Gil
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Rubén
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Publicación A Pragmatic Framework for Assessing Learning Outcomes in Competency-Based Courses(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2024-01-19) Vargas, Hector; Heradio Gil, Rubén; Farias, Gonzalo; Lei,,Zhongcheng; Torre Cubillo, Luis de laContribution: A competency assessment framework that enables learning analytics for course monitoring and continuous improvement. Our work fills the gap in systematic methods for competency assessment in higher education. Background: Many institutions are shifting toward competency-based education, thus encouraging their educators to start evaluating their students under this paradigm. Previous research shows that structured assessment models are fundamental in guiding educators toward this adoption. Intended outcomes: An assessment model for competency-based education that is easy to adopt and use, while facilitating the application of learning analytics techniques. Application design: The new framework considerably extends a prior model we proposed three years ago. Two engineering competency-based courses used the framework for assessment. Assessment rubrics were prepared and used for evaluating and collecting the students’ data progressively, thus enabling the use of learning analytics for decision-making. Findings: Thanks to the model, (i) students received a detailed report of their achievements, including a thorough explanation and justification of the evaluation criteria; and (ii) instructors could improve the course and provide objective evidence of their actions to quality assurance agencies. As a result, the framework is presently being used in fifteen courses taught at eight different university degrees at the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaiso (PUCV).Publicación A Monte Carlo tree search conceptual framework for feature model analyses(Elsevier, 2023-01) Horcas, José Miguel; Galindo, José A.; Benavides, David; Heradio Gil, Rubén; Fernández Amoros, David JoséChallenging domains of the future such as Smart Cities, Cloud Computing, or Industry 4.0 expose highly variable systems with colossal configuration spaces. The automated analysis of those systems’ variability has often relied on SAT solving and constraint programming. However, many of the analyses have to deal with the uncertainty introduced by the fact that undertaking an exhaustive exploration of the whole configuration space is usually intractable. In addition, not all analyses need to deal with the configuration space of the feature models, but with different search spaces where analyses are performed over the structure of the feature models, the constraints, or the implementation artifacts, instead of configurations. This paper proposes a conceptual framework that tackles various of those analyses using Monte Carlo tree search methods, which have proven to succeed in vast search spaces (e.g., game theory, scheduling tasks, security, program synthesis, etc.). Our general framework is formally described, and its flexibility to cope with a diversity of analysis problems is discussed. We provide a Python implementation of the framework that shows the feasibility of our proposal, identifying up to 11 lessons learned, and open challenges about the usage of the Monte Carlo methods in the software product line context. With this contribution, we envision that different problems can be addressed using Monte Carlo simulations and that our framework can be used to advance the state-of-the-art one step forward.Publicación Event-based Control: A Bibliometric Analysis of Twenty Years of Research(IEEE, 2020-03-04) Aranda Escolástico, Ernesto; Guinaldo Losada, María; Heradio Gil, Rubén; Chacón, Jesús; Vargas, Héctor; Sánchez, José; Sánchez Moreno, José; Dormido Canto, SebastiánThe potential benefits of networked control systems are tremendous, as they can be easily upgraded by just including new components (i.e., sensors, actuators, or controllers), avoiding any further modifications to their structure. A critical approach to unleash such potential benefits is event-based control, where the system output turns to be sampled on demand, instead of being sampled constantly at rigid periods of time. This paper analyzes from a bibliometric point of view the literature published for the last twenty years on event-based control, identifying the most relevant articles, authors, institutions, and journals. Moreover, the principal topics, motivations, and problems faced by the researchers are discussed, identifying distinct challenges and opportunities for future research.Publicación A bibliometric analysis of off-line handwritten document analysis literature (1990–2020)(Elsevier, 2022-05) Ruiz Parrado, Victoria; Vélez, José F.; Heradio Gil, Rubén; Aranda Escolástico, Ernesto; Sánchez Ávila, ÁngelProviding computers with the ability to process handwriting is both important and challenging, since many difficulties (e.g., different writing styles, alphabets, languages, etc.) need to be overcome for addressing a variety of problems (text recognition, signature verification, writer identification, word spotting, etc.). This paper reviews the growing literature on off-line handwritten document analysis over the last thirty years. A sample of 5389 articles is examined using bibliometric techniques. Using bibliometric techniques, this paper identifies (i) the most influential articles in the area, (ii) the most productive authors and their collaboration networks, (iii) the countries and institutions that have led research on the topic, (iv) the journals and conferences that have published most papers, and (v) the most relevant research topics (and their related tasks and methodologies) and their evolution over the years.Publicación Teaching Automation with Factory I/O under a Competency-Based Curriculum(Springer, 2022-10-22) Vargas, Hector; Heradio Gil, Rubén; Donoso, Matias; Farias, GonzaloSome of the most critical competencies students need to acquire to become control engineers require performing practices under actual industrial conditions. This means that they must not only master the theoretical aspects of the discipline but also acquire skills and attitudes to face unpredictable real-world situations. Software tools such as Matlab/Simulink are widely used to train the design and validation of controllers, but they fail to provide real industrial contexts. Nowadays, there are 3D simulation tools that support recreating industrial environments to a remarkable extent, making them very attractive for university courses. Nevertheless, their application in engineering courses is scarce yet. This paper presents a methodological framework for seizing into competency-based courses one of these simulation tools, called Factory I/O. Our approach was evaluated in a master’s course on Industrial PID Control at Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso (PUCV) in Chile. The evaluation comprised the qualitative analysis of students’ grades over four consecutive course editions and the qualitative study of students’ opinion on Factory I/O educational value. The objectives of our evaluation were (i) testing if Factory I/O helped students develop skills hard to practice in academic contexts, such as detecting faults or recognizing the importance of having well-defined operation protocols; (ii) validating our methodology for competency-based courses; and (iii) surveying our students about Matlab/Simulink and Factory I/O strengths/weaknesses to teach control engineering. According to the results, (a) Factory I/O complements Simulink by providing an adequate virtual environment to learn the aforementioned skills; and (b) our methodology supports courses’ continuous improvement through the statistical analysis of students’ achievements at different abstraction levels.Publicación A bibliometric analysis of 10 years of research on symptom networks in psychopathology and mental health(Elsevier, 2022-02) Ausín, Berta; Castellanos, Miguel Ángel; González Sanguino, Clara; Heradio Gil, RubénPsychopathology networks consist of aspects (e.g., symptoms) of mental disorders (nodes) and the connections between those aspects (edges). This article aims to analyze the research literature on network analysis in psychopathology and mental health for the last ten years. Statistical descriptive analysis was complemented with two bibliometric techniques: performance analysis and co-word analysis. There is an increase in publications that has passed from 1 article published in 2010 to 172 papers published in 2020. The 398 articles in the sample have 1,910 authors in total, being most of them occasional contributors. The Journal of Affective Disorders is the one with the highest number of publications on network analysis in psychopathology and mental health, followed by the Journal of Abnormal Psychology and Psychological Medicine stand out. The present study shows that this perspective in psychopathology and mental health is a recent field of study, but with solid advances in recent years from a wide variety of researchers, mainly from USA and Europe, who have extensively studied symptom networks in depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders. However, gaps are identified in other psychological behaviors such as suicide, populations such as the elderly, and gender studies.Publicación Group Decision-Making Based on Artificial Intelligence: A Bibliometric Analysis(MDPI, 2020) Heradio Gil, Rubén; Fernández Amoros, David José; Cobo, Manuel J.; Cerrada Collado, Cristina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7131-0482; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6575-803XDecisions concerning crucial and complicated problems are seldom made by a single person. Instead, they require the cooperation of a group of experts in which each participant has their own individual opinions, motivations, background, and interests regarding the existing alternatives. In the last 30 years, much research has been undertaken to provide automated assistance to reach a consensual solution supported by most of the group members. Artificial intelligence techniques are commonly applied to tackle critical group decision-making difficulties. For instance, experts’ preferences are often vague and imprecise; hence, their opinions are combined using fuzzy linguistic approaches. This paper reports a bibliometric analysis of the ample literature published in this regard. In particular, our analysis: (i) shows the impact and upswing publication trend on this topic; (ii) identifies the most productive authors, institutions, and countries; (iii) discusses authors’ and journals’ productivity patterns; and (iv) recognizes the most relevant research topics and how the interest on them has evolved over the years.Publicación Scalable Sampling of Highly-Configurable Systems: Generating Random Instances of the Linux Kernel(Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2023-01-05) Mayr Dorn, Christoph; Egyed, Alexander; Fernández Amoros, David José; Heradio Gil, RubénSoftware systems are becoming increasingly configurable. A paradigmatic example is the Linux kernel, which can be adjusted for a tremendous variety of hardware devices, from mobile phones to supercomputers, thanks to the thousands of configurable features it supports. In principle, many relevant problems on configurable systems, such as completing a partial configuration to get the system instance that consumes the least energy or optimizes any other quality attribute, could be solved through exhaustive analysis of all configurations. However, configuration spaces are typically colossal and cannot be entirely computed in practice. Alternatively, configuration samples can be analyzed to approximate the answers. Generating those samples is not trivial since features usually have inter-dependencies that constrain the configuration space. Therefore, getting a single valid configuration by chance is extremely unlikely. As a result, advanced samplers are being proposed to generate random samples at a reasonable computational cost. However, to date, no sampler can deal with highly configurable complex systems, such as the Linux kernel. This paper proposes a new sampler that does scale for those systems, based on an original theoretical approach called extensible logic groups. The sampler is compared against five other approaches. Results show our tool to be the fastest and most scalable one.Publicación Using IoT-Type Metadata and Smart Web Design to Create User Interfaces Automatically(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023-02) Chacón, Jesús; Chandramouli, Rajarathnam; Torre Cubillo, Luis de la; Chaos García, Dictino; Heradio Gil, RubénThe advent of the Internet of Things has generated loads of data from the devices that are now connected to the Internet. While the majority of the data corresponds to measurements done by these devices, there is a second type of information (the metadata) that provides information about the devices themselves. Most of this metadata is still underused when used at all. On the other hand, the graphical user interfaces that allow operating and/or monitoring the connected devices from a computer or smartphone, are usually programmed from zero. However, the metadata that describes the main properties of the devices (i.e., inputs, outputs, precision, range, etc.) can be used along with smart web design techniques to automatically create these interfaces. This article proposes a framework to achieve this, and presents an application example consisting of an online lab of a servo-motor.Publicación Using Extended Logical Primitives for Efficient BDD Building(MDPI, 2020) Fernández Amoros, David José; Bra, Sergio; Aranda Escolástico, Ernesto; Heradio Gil, RubénBinary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) have been used to represent logic models in a variety of research contexts, such as software product lines, circuit testing, and plasma confinement, among others. Although BDDs have proven to be very useful, the main problem with this technique is that synthesizing BDDs can be a frustratingly slow or even unsuccessful process, due to its heuristic nature. We present an extension of propositional logic to tackle one recurring phenomenon in logic modeling, namely groups of variables related by an exclusive-or relationship, and also consider two other extensions: one in which at least n variables in a group are true and another one for in which at most n variables are true. We add XOR, atLeast-n and atMost-n primitives to logic formulas in order to reduce the size of the input and also present algorithms to efficiently incorporate these constructions into the building of BDDs. We prove, among other results, that the number of nodes created during the process for XOR groups is reduced from quadratic to linear for the affected clauses. the XOR primitive is tested against eight logical models, two from industry and six from Kconfig-based open-source projects. Results range from no negative effects in models without XOR relations to performance gains well into two orders of magnitude on models with an abundance of this kind of relationship.