Persona:
Ayala Cañón, Luis

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0000-0002-3141-827X
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Ayala Cañón
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Luis
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2022 - 20234
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Fecha de finalización: 2023 × Fecha de inicio: 2020 ×

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Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4
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    Publicación
    COVID-19 Lockdown and Housing Deprivation Across European Countries
    (Elsevier, 2022) Bárcena Martín, Elena; Cantó, Olga; Ayala Cañón, Luis; Navarro Ruiz, Carolina
    Housing deprivation is a key determinant of the capacity to prevent infection and to recover from a disease because poor housing prevents adequate sheltering during a quarantine. We analyze the degree of housing deprivation faced by households in European countries when COVID-19 lockdown measures were enacted. To do so, we propose a synthetic measure that includes more dimensions than the official Eurostat indicator of severe housing deprivation. We use a fuzzy set approach to measure housing deprivation so that, unlike traditional deprivation approaches, based on a dichotomous variable, we can identify different degrees of housing deprivation for each household in the population. We find similar orderings of housing deprivation dimensions by country with the highest degree of deprivation in the living space dimension and the lowest one in the standard housing or technology deprivation dimension. Nonetheless, housing deprivation levels differ across countries, with Eastern European households being significantly more housing deprived than the rest when the lockdown began. This result shows that the effects of the lockdown on social well-being have not affected all Europeans equally and emphasizes the need for government measures that promote decent housing.
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    Publicación
    Unemployment Shocks and Material Deprivation in the European Union: A Synthetic Control Approach
    (Elsevier, 2023) Ayala Cañón, Luis; Martín Román, Javier; Navarro Ruiz, Carolina
    This paper analyzes how material deprivation responds to drastic changes in unemployment levels. We explore unemployment shocks registered in some European Union countries during the so-called Great Recession. To do so, we apply the synthetic control methodology, which has been rarely used in the field of distributive analyses. We use this approach to identify the impact of unemployment shocks on material deprivation and conduct different sensitivity analyses to test the results. We find that contrary to the traditional assumption of the low sensitivity of material deprivation measures to changes in the economic cycle, unemployment shocks have a significant and rapid impact on material deprivation. This conclusion holds even when extending the period of analysis, changing the indicator of material deprivation, or modifying the definition of unemployment shock.
  • Miniatura
    Publicación
    Housing poverty
    (EE, Edward Elgar, 2023-03) Ayala Cañón, Luis; Navarro Ruiz, Carolina
    The notion of ‘housing poverty’ is employed to cover a variety of conditions that are not always interchangeable. It is not a clearly defined concept, nor is it a form of poverty that can be clearly disconnected from other dimensions. In this chapter, we examine the idea of housing poverty through four areas of analysis: the identification of the housing conditions that are relevant to the study of deprivation, the methods and approaches to create measures of housing deprivation, the evidence related to the dynamics of housing deprivation, and the links between housing and poverty.
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    Publicación
    Devolution in the U.S. Welfare Reform: Divergence and Degradation in State Benefits
    (Springer, 2022-03-18) Ayala Cañón, Luis; Bárcena-Martín, Elena; Martínez-Vázquez, Jorge; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-827X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-7507; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-9204
    The passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) in 1996 devolved responsibility for the design of welfare programs from the federal to state governments in the U.S. The strategies implemented to achieve some of the main goals of the reform might have had the effects of reducing the protection received by the most vulnerable households and increasing differences in benefit levels across states. We estimate these effects using Temporary Assistance for Needy Families data covering the two decades after the PRWORA’s enactment. We find that inequality levels across states increased and that a general process of degradation in the adequacy of these cash benefits took place ensuing devolution of welfare reform in the U.S.