Persona: García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique
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García Fernández-Abascal
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Enrique
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Publicación Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on personal well-being: A longitudinal study in Spanish population(Universidad de Murcia, 2022-10) García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique; Martín Díaz, María DoloresEl principal objetivo de este estudio longitudinal con dos mediciones, una antes del período de confinamiento M1 (del 2 al 8 de marzo), y otra durante el confinamiento M2 (del 20 al 26 de abril), realizadas a los mismos participantes, es conocer la evolución de los aspectos hedónicos y eudaimónicos del bienestar y el efecto que sobre ellos ha supuesto el confinamiento obligatorio debido a la pandemia por COVID-19 en España. El estudio se realizó online, los participantes completaron los dominios de la medida de bienestar “The PERMA-Profiler” en ambas mediciones (M1 y M2) y la medida de optimismo disposicional “Life Orientation Test-Revised” (LOT-R) en la primera medición (M1). Los resultados muestran una relación significativa entre todos los dominios de bienestar y con la puntuación PERMA Global Bienestar, similares en ambas mediciones (M1 y M2). La comparación de las puntuaciones medias de los dominios de bienestar entre ambas mediciones muestra diferencias significativas en Emociones Positivas, Compromiso, Significado y en la puntuación de PERMA Global Bienestar; la puntuación es más elevada en la primera medición (M1) que en la segunda medición (M2). En el dominio Emociones Negativas, la puntuación es más alta en el período de confinamiento (M2). El optimismo disposicional ejerce un efecto de moderación durante el confinamiento en el dominio de Logros: cuánto más optimista es la persona más aumenta su puntuación en este dominio. El género también ejerce un efecto de moderación durante el confinamiento en el dominio de Felicidad: en los hombres aumenta la puntuación de Felicidad durante el período de confinamiento y en las mujeres disminuye, comparados ambos con sus niveles previos de no confinamiento.Publicación One Year of COVID-19 in Spain, Longitudinal Study on Mental and Physical Health(Taylor and Francis Group, 2022-04-18) García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique; Martín Díaz, María DoloresThe objective of this longitudinal study carried out with the same participants, with two repeated measurements, the first taken in March 2020 (M1) and the second measurement in March 2021 (M2), is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic throughout one year on the levels of Affect, Psychological Well-being, Depression and Mental and Physical Health, as well as to learn about the evolution of those levels from M1 to M2. Comparison of the mean scores of the variables analyzed between the two measurements (M1 and M2) show significant differences in the following scales: Positive Affect (PANAS), with lower scores at M2; Total Depression (BDI-II) and the two Cognitive-Affective and Somatic-Motivational factors, with higher scores at M2; the physical and mental health scales (SF-36) of Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional, and Mental Health, and the two Physical and Mental Health components, with lower scores at M2 in all of them; and the Purpose in Life (PWB) scale, with a lower score at M2. We can conclude that the one-year pandemic situation has affected all the variables analyzed in this work, showing a decrease in positive affect, an increase in the score of the depression inventory, worse physical and mental health, and less psychological well-being. Throughout the pandemic year, the results show that age has a moderation effect on the Somatic-Motivational factor and on the Total Depression, Physical Functioning, Vitality, and Role Emotional scales. Gender shows no moderation effect on any of the four variables analyzed.Publicación Longitudinal study on affect, psychological well-being, depression, mental and physical health, prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain(Elsevier, 2020-12-14) García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique; Martín Díaz, María DoloresThis longitudinal study, before and during the confinement of the COVID-19 pandemic, is to determine the evolution and effects on affect, psychological well-being, depression, and mental and physical health, during an ordinary week, from March 1 to March 7, in the week leading up to the establishment of confinement, from March 8 to March 14, and for several weeks of confinement, from March 15 to April 25. The most relevant results reveal significant differences between men and women in the confinement period, on almost all the scales of psychological well-being (SPWB), with the men obtaining a lower mean than the women. The analyses of the differences between the time periods show a significant difference in the Positive Affect scale (PANAS), the ordinary week group obtaining the highest score, and with this score decreasing in the pre-confinement week and the confinement period, and Negative Affect scale (PANAS) remained stable We found no significant differences in the participants’ total depression score (BDI-II). S we obtained significant differences in the Role Physical and Physical Health Component scales (SF-36) between the pre-confinement week, with the highest mean, and the confinement.Publicación Multidimensional Measure of Well-Being, Translation, Factor Structure, Measurement Invariance, Reliability and Validity of the PERMA-Profiler in Spain(Springer, 2024-06-26) Martín Díaz, María Dolores; García Fernández-Abascal, EnriqueThe main objective of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the PERMA-Profiler in a Spanish context. The PERMA-Profiler, developed by Butler & Kern (Int J Wellbeing 6(3):1-48, 2016) to measure Seligman’s (Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being, 2011) PERMA model of flourishing, consists of five domains that assess well-being: Positive Emotion (P), Engagement (E), Relationships (R), Meaning (M), and Accomplishment (A). We translated and adapted the PERMA-Profiler, analyzed the instrument’s reliability, its validity based on an internal structure through three confirmatory factor analyses, gender and age invariance, and its convergent and discriminant validity. A total of 2525 participants completed all measures. The results of the analyses to confirm the internal consistency are very acceptable in all the domains and in Overall Well-being (PERMA), except for the Engagement domain. The results of three confirmatory factor analyses show that the model of five independent interrelated factors (domains) presents the best fit. The analysis shows the invariance across gender and age groups. The analyses of the convergent validity show that are positively and significantly related to satisfaction with life (SWLS), to the six evaluated dimensions of psychological well-being (PWB), to positive affect (PANAS) and dispositional optimism (LOT-R) and the general physical and mental health status (SF-36). The discriminant validity analyses show that are related negatively and significantly to negative affect (PANAS), the total score of depression (BDI-II) and the Cognitive-Affective and Somatic-Motivational factors. The findings of this study indicate that the PERMA-Profiler is transferable to the Spanish context, and the Spanish version is a reliable and valid measure of well-being.Publicación Elicited emotion: efects of inoculation of an art style on emotionally strong images(Springer, 2025-03-12) Cáceres Gutierrez, Amparo; Tejada, Julián; García Fernández-Abascal, EnriqueThe objective of this research is to study how the application of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) artistic filter can be an alternative to mitigate the emotional response to photographs with strong emotional content published in Internet news. Van Gogh’s artistic style was extracted through a CNN and inoculated with 64 IAPS images chosen to cover the entire emotional space. 140 university students of both sexes (70 men and 70 women) with an average age of 22 years, evaluated 128 stimuli, 64 original and 64 digitally inoculated, giving the appearance that they were painted with the artistic style of Van Gogh. For the evaluation of the stimuli, four groups were established under the conditions: 1 high arousal—positive valence, 2 negative valence—low arousal, 3 high arousal—negative valence and 4, low arousal, positive valence. The original images (OI) tended to produce less pleasant effects, while the images inoculated with filters made with CNN provoked reactions with a tendency to calm. The most signifcant changes in the emotional states are observed in the valence, the stimuli with the inoculation of the artistic style produces alterations with a tendency to pleasant effects. The averages of the comparisons of the dimensions valence and arousal of the OI and the CNN allow to show that there are dierences in the emotional states, the results can permit the development of a methodology that, based on the inoculation of the artistic style of original paintings through CNN in emotionally strong images, a new image is created that replaces the strong images published in the Internet news.