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2025-06-19
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Resumen
Este texto tiene por objeto proponer un redimensionamiento interpretativo del establecimiento de la Primera República en España desde una mirada sensible a sus implicaciones transnacionales. Las expectativas de realización democrática de alcance supranacional que el acontecimiento suscitó entre los republicanos europeos permiten desestabilizar el estricto significado nacional del fallido proceso de consolidación de la república. Al mismo tiempo, ponen de manifiesto el horizonte de posibilidades políticas que abría el imaginario demócrata a la altura de 1873, en relación con las diferentes geografías revolucionarias elaboradas desde mediados del siglo xix en el marco de la tradición cultural republicana. A partir del análisis contextualizado de la prensa demócrata europea y española del momento, complementado con fuentes diplomáticas, se argumenta que tras la derrota francesa en la guerra franco-prusiana los republicanos interpretaron la proclamación de la Primera República como la última esperanza de la democracia en Europa. Esta lectura gozó de especial predicamento entre los republicanos de la Europa suroccidental, deudores de una larga tradición revolucionaria soberanista que, en el contexto político-cultural de 1873, alimentaba el ideal de la federación de pueblos latinos como primer paso hacia la futura realización de los Estados Unidos de Europa. Desde esta perspectiva, el triunfo y consolidación de la federación española se podía entender como un logro fundamental para la articulación de un nuevo orden europeo que contrarrestara la hegemonía monárquica y militarista de las potencias del norte.
This text deals with an interpretative re-dimensioning of the Spanish First Republic’s establishment from a perspective concerned with its transnational impli-cations. The expectations of democratic realisation of supranational scope that the event aroused among European republicans allowed us to destabilise the strict national meaning of the failed process of the republic’s consolidation. At the same time, they reveal the horizon of political possibilities opened up by the democratic imaginary in 1873 concerning the different revolutionary geographies elaborated since the mid-nineteenth century within the framework of the republican cultural tradition. Based on a contextualised analysis of the European and Spanish demo-cratic press of the time, complemented by diplomatic sources, I argue that, after the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, the Republicans interpreted the procla-mation of the First Republic in Spain as the last hope for democracy in Europe. This interpretation was specifically popular among republicans in south-western Europe, who were indebted to a long revolutionary tradition of sovereignty which, in the political and cultural context of 1873, nurtured the ideal of the federation of Latin peoples as the first step towards the future realisation of the United States of Europe. From this perspective, the triumph and consolidation of the Spanish federation coul be seen as a fundamental achievement for a new European order that would coun-teract the monarchical and militarist hegemony of the northern powers.
This text deals with an interpretative re-dimensioning of the Spanish First Republic’s establishment from a perspective concerned with its transnational impli-cations. The expectations of democratic realisation of supranational scope that the event aroused among European republicans allowed us to destabilise the strict national meaning of the failed process of the republic’s consolidation. At the same time, they reveal the horizon of political possibilities opened up by the democratic imaginary in 1873 concerning the different revolutionary geographies elaborated since the mid-nineteenth century within the framework of the republican cultural tradition. Based on a contextualised analysis of the European and Spanish demo-cratic press of the time, complemented by diplomatic sources, I argue that, after the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, the Republicans interpreted the procla-mation of the First Republic in Spain as the last hope for democracy in Europe. This interpretation was specifically popular among republicans in south-western Europe, who were indebted to a long revolutionary tradition of sovereignty which, in the political and cultural context of 1873, nurtured the ideal of the federation of Latin peoples as the first step towards the future realisation of the United States of Europe. From this perspective, the triumph and consolidation of the Spanish federation coul be seen as a fundamental achievement for a new European order that would coun-teract the monarchical and militarist hegemony of the northern powers.
Descripción
The registered version of this article, first published in “Historia Y Política, (53), 71–103", is available online at the publisher's website: Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales, https://doi.org/10.18042/hp.53.03
La versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en “Historia Y Política, (53), 71–103", está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales, https://doi.org/10.18042/hp.53.03
Categorías UNESCO
Palabras clave
Primera República Española, republicanismo, democracia, federalismo, latinismo, Europa del Sur, Spanish First Republic, republicanism, democracy, federalism, latinism, Southern Europe
Citación
García Moscardó, E. (2025). «Centinela avanzado de la federación europea»: Las expectativas revolucionarias transnacionales en la Primera República española. Historia Y Política, (53), 71–103. https://doi.org/10.18042/hp.53.03
Centro
Facultad de Geografía e Historia
Departamento
Historia Contemporánea