Persona: Robles Gómez, Antonio
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Robles Gómez
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Publicación Renewable Energy Remote Online Laboratories in Jordan Universities: Tools for Training Students in Jordan(Elsevier, 2020-04) Cano, Jesús; Hammad, Bashar; Al Zoubi, Abdullah; Pastor Vargas, Rafael; Tobarra Abad, María de los Llanos; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Hernández Berlinches, Roberto; Pancorbo Castro, ManuelThe use of the concept of technology-enhanced learning is a design already applied in developed countries and incorporated as an active part of their educational models and curricular development. This is even more relevant in the case of eLearning, where these technologies correspond to remote / virtual laboratories. They are very useful in the fields of Science and Engineering. According to this, the current work shows the incorporation of this type of technology to traditional curricular schemes, with the aim of improving the effectiveness of learning. Another objective is to build reusable infrastructures among Universities, supported with public and private government resources. Specifically, this paper shows the development, implementation, and integration of remote renewable energy laboratories in Jordan, and how they have been used within the director plan of the Jordanian government for the promotion of renewable energies in that country. This plan includes not only the design of remote laboratories but also their integration into a curricular model. This integration is done at the level of online learning courses and pilot experiences in the development of these types of learning technologies. In a distance methodology environment, the instructors must design the course structure keeping in mind that students are online, but not face-to-face in the classroom. Additionally, they have to propose adapted resources (remote laboratories, guidelines, etc.) and content. The paper focuses on the incorporation of remote/virtual laboratories, showing how these labs were developed/integrated into online courses. To validate the incorporation of this type of resources in an environment usually not online, a set of surveys was designed to support a technology evaluation methodology (TAM, Technology Acceptance Model). This evaluation allows knowing the degree of satisfaction of the technology (remote and virtual laboratories as resources) using a structured experimental method (SEM, Structural Equation Models). As a result of the application of this experimental method, the calculated statistical data indicate that the use of remote and virtual laboratories improves the perception and use of virtual environments at a distance. Also, it can be indicated that these laboratories are presented as an essential resource to improve the quality of online teaching in engineering courses.Publicación SiCoDeF² Net: Siamese Convolution Deconvolution Feature Fusion Network for One-Shot Classification(IEEE, 2021) Kumar Roy, Swalpa; Kar, Purbayan; Paoletti, Mercedes E.; Haut, Juan M.; Pastor Vargas, Rafael; Robles Gómez, AntonioNowadays, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for face recognition exhibit a performance comparable to human ability in the presence of the appropriate amount of labelled training data. However, training CNNs remains as an arduous task due to the lack of training samples. To overcome this drawback, applications demand one-shot learning to improve the obtained performances over traditional machine learning approaches by learning representative information about data categories from few training samples. In this context, Siamese convolutional network ( SiConvNet ) provides an interesting deep architecture to tackle the data limitation. In this regard, applying the convolution operation on real world images by using the trainable correlative Gaussian kernel adds correlations to the output images, which hinder the recognition process due to the blurring effects introduced by the convolution kernel application. As a result the pixel-wise and channel-wise correlations or redundancies could appear in both single and multiple feature maps obtained by a hidden layer. In this sense, convolution-based models fail to generalize the feature representation because of both the strong correlations presence in neighboring pixels and the channel-wise high redundancies between different channels of the feature maps, which hamper the effective training. Deconvolution operation helps to overcome the shortcomings that limit the conventional SiConvNet performance, learning successfully correlation-free features representation. In this paper, a simple but efficient Siamese convolution deconvolution feature fusion network ( SiCoDeF 2 Net ) is proposed to learn the invariant and discriminative complementary features generated from both the (i) sub-convolution (SCoNet) and (ii) sub deconvolutional (SDeNet) networks using a concatenation operation which significantly improves the one-shot unconstrained facial recognition task. Extensive experiments performed on several widely used benchmarks, provide promising results, where the proposed SiCoDeF 2 Net model significantly outperforms the current state-of-art in terms of classification accuracy, F1, precision and recall. The code will be available on: https://github.com/purbayankar/SiCoDeF2Net .Publicación Students’ Acceptance and Tracking of a New Container-Based Virtual Laboratory(MDPI, 2020) Cano, Jesús; Tobarra Abad, María de los Llanos; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Pastor Vargas, Rafael; Hernández Berlinches, Roberto; Duque Fernández, AndrésPresently, the ever-increasing use of new technologies helps people to acquire additional skills for developing an applied critical thinking in many contexts of our society. When it comes to education, and more particularly in any Engineering subject, practical learning scenarios are key to achieve a set of competencies and applied skills. In our particular case, the cybersecurity topic with a distance education methodology is considered and a new remote virtual laboratory based on containers will be presented and evaluated in this work. The laboratory is based on the Linux Docker virtualization technology, which allows us to create consistent realistic scenarios with lower configuration requirements for the students. The laboratory is comparatively evaluated with our previous environment, LoT@UNED, from both the points of view of the students’ acceptance with a set of UTAUT models, and their behavior regarding evaluation items, time distribution, and content resources. All data was obtained from students’ surveys and platform registers. The main conclusion of this work is that the proposed laboratory obtains a very high acceptance from the students, in terms of several different indicators (perceived usefulness, estimated effort, social influence, attitude, ease of access, and intention of use). Neither the use of the virtual platform nor the distance methodology employed affect the intention to use the technology proposed in this workPublicación Analyzing the Users’ Acceptance of an IoT Cloud Platform using the UTAUT/TAM Model(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2021) Haut, Juan M.; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Tobarra Abad, María de los Llanos; Pastor Vargas, Rafael; Hernández Berlinches, RobertoAntonio Robles-Gómez, Llanos Tobarra, Rafael Pastor-Vargas, Roberto Hernández, Juan M. Haut; Título:; Publicación: . ISSN (https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3125497);Publicación Dataset Generation and Study of Deepfake Techniques(Springer, 2023) Falcón López, Sergio Adrián; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Tobarra Abad, María de los Llanos; Pastor Vargas, RafaelThe consumption of multimedia content on the Internet has nowadays been expanded exponentially. These trends have contributed to fake news can become a very high influence in the current society. The latest techniques to influence the spread of digital false information are based on methods of generating images and videos, known as Deepfakes. This way, our research work analyzes the most widely used Deepfake content generation methods, as well as explore different conventional and advanced tools for Deepfake detection. A specific dataset has also been built that includes both fake and real multimedia contents. This dataset will allow us to verify whether the used image and video forgery detection techniques can detect manipulated multimedia content.Publicación Emulating and Evaluating Virtual Remote Laboratories for Cybersecurity(MDPI, 2020) Cano, Jesús; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Tobarra Abad, María de los Llanos; Pastor Vargas, Rafael; Hernández Berlinches, RobertoOur society is nowadays evolving towards a digital era, due to the extensive use of computer technologies and their interconnection mechanisms, i.e., social networks, Internet resources, IoT services, etc. This way, new threats and vulnerabilities appear. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity of training students in the topic of cybersecurity, in which practical skills have to be acquired. In distance education, the inclusion of on-line resources for hands-on activities in its curricula is a key step in meeting that need. This work presents several contributions. First, the fundamentals of a virtual remote laboratory hosted in the cloud are detailed. This laboratory is a step forward since the laboratory combines both virtualization and cloud paradigms to dynamically create emulated environments. Second, this laboratory has also been integrated into the practical curricula of a cybersecurity subject, as an additional on-line resource. Third, the students’ traceability, in terms of their interactions with the laboratory, is also analyzed. Psychological TAM/UTAUT factors (perceived usefulness, estimated effort, social influence, attitude, ease of access) that may affect the intention of using the laboratory are analyzed. Fourth, the degree of satisfaction is analyzed with a great impact, since the mean values of these factors are most of them higher than 4 points out of 5. In addition to this, the students’ acceptance of the presented technology is exhaustively studied. Two structural equation models have been hypothesized and validated. Finally, the acceptance of the technology can be concluded as very good in order to be used in @? other Engineering contexts. In this sense, the calculated statistical values for the improved proposed model are within the expected ranges of reliability (X2 = 0.6, X2/DF = 0.3, GFI = 0.985, CIF = 0.985, RMSEA = 0) by considering the literaturePublicación EVI-LINHD, a virtual research environment for the Spanish speaking community(Oxford University Press, 2017-12) González-Blanco García, Elena; Rio Riande, Gimena del; Díez Platas, María Luisa; Olmo, Álvaro del; Urízar, Miguel; Martínez Cantón, Clara Isabel; Ros Muñoz, Salvador; Pastor Vargas, Rafael; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Caminero Herráez, Agustín CarlosLaboratorio de Innovación en Humanidades Digitales (UNED) has developed Entorno Virtual de Investigación del Laboratorio de Innovación en Humanidades Digitales (EVI-LINHD), the first virtual research environment devoted mainly to Spanish speakers interested in digital scholarly edition. EVI-LINHD combines different open-source software for developing a complete digital project: (1) a Webbased application markup tool—TEIscribe—combined with an eXistdb solution and a TEIPublisher platform, (2) Omeka for digital libraries, and (3) WordPress for simple Web pages. All these instances are linked to a local installation of the LINDAT/Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure (CLARIN) digital repository. LINDAT/CLARIN allows EVI-LINHD users to have their projects deposited and stored safely. Thanks to this solution, EVI-LINHD projects also improve their visibility. The specific metadata profile used in the repository is based on Dublin Core, and it is enriched with the Spanish translation of DARIAH’s Taxonomy of Digital Research Activities in the Humanities.Publicación A Cloud Game-based Educative Platform Architecture: the CyberScratch Project(MDPI, 2021) Utrilla, Alejandro; Tobarra Abad, María de los Llanos; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Pastor Vargas, Rafael; Hernández Berlinches, RobertoThe employment of modern technologies is widespread in our society, so the inclusion of practical activities for education has become essential and useful at the same time. These activities are more noticeable in Engineering, in areas such as cybersecurity, data science, artificial intelligence, etc. Additionally, these activities acquire even more relevance with a distance education methodology, as our case is. The inclusion of these practical activities has clear advantages , such as (1) promoting critical thinking and (2) improving students’ abilities and skills for their professional careers. There are several options, such as the use of remote and virtual laboratories, virtual reality and gamebased platforms, among others. This work addresses the development of a new cloud game-based educational platform, which defines a modular and flexible architecture (using light containers). This architecture provides interactive and monitoring services and data storage in a transparent way. The platform uses gamification to integrate the game as part of the instructional process. The CyberScratch project is a particular implementation of this architecture focused on cybersecurity game-based activities. The data privacy management is a critical issue for these kinds of platforms, so the architecture is designed with this feature integrated in the platform components. To achieve this goal, we first focus on all the privacy aspects for the data generated by our cloud game-based platform, by considering the European legal context for data privacy following GDPR and ISO/IEC TR 20748-1:2016 recommendations for Learning Analytics (LA). Our second objective is to provide implementation guidelines for efficient data privacy management for our cloud game-based educative platform. All these contributions are not found in current related works. The CyberScratch project, which was approved by UNED for the year 2020, considers using the xAPI standard for data handling and services for the game editor, game engine and game monitor modules of CyberScratch. Therefore, apart from considering GDPR privacy and LA recommendations, our cloud game-based architecture covers all phases from game creation to the final users’ interactions with the game.Publicación Forensic Technologies to Automate the Acquisition of Digital Evidences(IEEE, 2022) García Guerrero, David; Tobarra Abad, María de los Llanos; Robles Gómez, Antonio; Pastor Vargas, RafaelThe main goal of this work is to propose the automatic acquisition of evidences in a remote way. This automated capacity becomes interesting for companies with extensive networks and/or several locations, as it allows them to delegate and centralize the acquisition task at a single point in their structure, while saving time and travel costs. This research has been carried out through the initial implementation of a virtual laboratory made up of a network and different scenarios, by including an experimentation process. The virtual network includes both the machine from which automatic acquisitions are performed and the devices from retrieving the evidence. The group of devices will be made up of various experiments. The aim is to analyze the viability of the acquisition in different scenarios, since distributed networks are not homogeneous in the real worldPublicación Exploring IoT Vulnerabilities in a Comprehensive Remote Cybersecurity Laboratory(MDPI, 2023) Delgado, Ismael; San Cristóbal Ruiz, Elio; Martín Gutiérrez, Sergio; Robles Gómez, AntonioWith the rapid proliferation of Internet of things (IoT) devices across various sectors, ensuring robust cybersecurity practices has become paramount. The complexity and diversity of IoT ecosystems pose unique security challenges that traditional educational approaches often fail to address comprehensively. Current curricula may provide theoretical knowledge but typically lack the practical components necessary for students to engage with real-world cybersecurity scenarios. This gap hinders the development of proficient cybersecurity professionals capable of securing complex IoT infrastructures. To bridge this educational divide, a remote online laboratory was developed, allowing students to gain hands-on experience in identifying and mitigating cybersecurity threats in an IoT context. This virtual environment simulates real IoT ecosystems, enabling students to interact with actual devices and protocols while practicing various security techniques. The laboratory is designed to be accessible, scalable, and versatile, offering a range of modules from basic protocol analysis to advanced threat management. The implementation of this remote laboratory demonstrated significant benefits, equipping students with the necessary skills to confront and resolve IoT security issues effectively. Our results show an improvement in practical cybersecurity abilities among students, highlighting the laboratory’s efficacy in enhancing IoT security education.