Gijón Tascón, María CovadongaFernández Bonilla, FernandoRuiz Rua, Aurora2025-02-272025-02-272025-02-12Gijón, C., Fernández-Bonilla, F., & Ruíz-Rúa, A. (2025). Different approaches to Spanish e-government: From use to impact. Telecommunications Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TELPOL.2025.1029181879-3258https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2025.102918https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/25997The registered version of this article, first published in Telecommunications Policy, is available online at the publisher's website: Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2025.102918La versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en Telecommunications Policy, está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2025.102918This paper examines the factors that determine the use of e-government services in Spain. It identifies key determinants, including e-services usage synergies, e-trust, e-skills and socio-demographic determinants of e-government use as an outcome of a logit model with national data from 2023. The main results highlight the key role of ICT skills, confidence in technology and the quality of Internet connectivity, revealing significant disparities between socio-economic groups. Meanwhile, it explores the second and third levels of the digital divide, with a special focus on the information and ICT domain and its effective application, analysing the penetration and main uses of e-government in Spain. Policy recommendations call for the enhancement of digital literacy, the fostering of trust in e-government and the improvement of Internet access for vulnerable populations to promote inclusive digital governance.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess53 Ciencias Económicas56 Ciencias Jurídicas y Derechoactas de congresoe-governmentlogit modelInternetdigital dividee-trust