Task Demands and Sentence Reading Comprehension among Healthy Older Adults: The Complementary Roles of Cognitive Reserve and Working Memory

Martín-Aragoneses, María Teresa, Mejuto, Gema, Rio, David del, Fernandes, Sara Margarida, Rodrigues, Pedro E.S. y López-Higes, Ramón . (2023) Task Demands and Sentence Reading Comprehension among Healthy Older Adults: The Complementary Roles of Cognitive Reserve and Working Memory. Brain Sciences Vol. 13 (3), 428

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Título Task Demands and Sentence Reading Comprehension among Healthy Older Adults: The Complementary Roles of Cognitive Reserve and Working Memory
Autor(es) Martín-Aragoneses, María Teresa
Mejuto, Gema
Rio, David del
Fernandes, Sara Margarida
Rodrigues, Pedro E.S.
López-Higes, Ramón
Materia(s) Educación
Abstract Ageing entails different functional brain changes. Education, reading experience, and leisure activities, among others, might contribute to the maintenance of cognitive performance among older adults and are conceptualised as proxies for cognitive reserve. However, ageing also conveys a depletion of working memory capacity, which adversely impacts language comprehension. This study investigated how cognitive reserve proxies and working memory jointly predict the performance of healthy older adults in a sentence reading comprehension task, and how their predictive value changes depending on sentence structure and task demands. Cognitively healthy older adults (n = 120) completed a sentence–picture verification task under two conditions: concurrent viewing of the sentence and picture or their sequential presentation, thereby imposing greater demands on working memory. They also completed a questionnaire on cognitive reserve proxies as well as a verbal working memory test. The sentence structure was manipulated by altering the canonical word order and modifying the amount of propositional information. While the cognitive reserve was the main predictor in the concurrent condition, the predictive role of working memory increased under the sequential presentation, particularly for complex sentences. These findings highlight the complementary roles played by cognitive reserve and working memory in the reading comprehension of older adults.
Palabras clave cognitive reserve
older adults
sentence comprehension
sentence–picture verification
task demands
working memory
Editor(es) MDPI
Fecha 2023-03-01
Identificador bibliuned:DptoMIDEII-FEDU-Articulos-Mtmartin-0001
http://e-spacio.uned.es/fez/view/bibliuned:DptoMIDEII-FEDU-Articulos-Mtmartin-0001
DOI - identifier https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030428
ISSN - identifier 2076-3425
Nombre de la revista Brain Sciences
Número de Volumen 13
Número de Issue 3
Publicado en la Revista Brain Sciences Vol. 13 (3), 428
Idioma eng
Versión de la publicación publishedVersion
Tipo de recurso Article
Derechos de acceso y licencia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Tipo de acceso Acceso abierto
Notas adicionales The registered version of this article, first published in Brain Sciences Vol. 13 (3), 428, is available online at the publisher's website: MDPI, https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030428
Notas adicionales La versión registrada de este artículo, publicado por primera vez en Brain Sciences Vol. 13 (3), 428, está disponible en línea en el sitio web del editor: MDPI, https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030428

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Creado: Thu, 08 Feb 2024, 17:56:32 CET