Causality, Impartiality and Evidence-Based Policy

Teira Serrano, David y Reiss, Julian, Causality, Impartiality and Evidence-Based Policy. , 2012 (book)

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Título Causality, Impartiality and Evidence-Based Policy
Autor(es) Teira Serrano, David
Reiss, Julian
Resumen Randomisation, the assignment of experimental subjects to treatment groups by means of a random number generator, was first systematically applied in psychic research in the late nineteenth century and became popular in statistics after Ronald Fisher advocated its use in 1926 (Hacking 1988). In medicine and development economics, the two sciences we will focus on in this chapter, randomised trials are now widely regarded as the ‘gold standard’ of evidence. The overall aims of this chapter are to compare the use of randomised evaluations in these two sciences and to assess their ability to provide impartial evidence about causal claims. In short, we will argue that there are no good reasons to regard randomisation as a sine qua non for good evidential practice in either science. However, in medicine, but not in development economics, randomisation can provide impartiality from the point of view of regulatory agencies. The intuition is that if the available evidence leaves room for uncertainty about the effects of an intervention (such as a new drug), a regulator should make sure that such uncertainty cannot be exploited by some party’s private interest. We will argue that randomisation plays an important role in this context. By contrast, in the field evaluations that have recently become popular in development economics subjects have incentives to act strategically against the research protocol which undermines their use as neutral arbiter between conflicting parties.
Palabras clave clinical trials
field trials
impartiality
Fecha 2012-04-11
Formato application/pdf
Identificador bibliuned:500523
Fuente Hsiang-Ke Chao, Szu Ting Chen, Roberta Millstein, eds., Causality and mechanisms...
Idioma eng
Versión de la publicación publishedVersion
Nivel de acceso y licencia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Tipo de recurso book

 
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Creado: Wed, 11 Apr 2012, 12:19:29 CET